Observation of possible elemental sulfur in the marine atmosphere and speculation on its origin |
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| Institution: | 1. Mount Sinai Medical Center, E 101st St, New York, NY 10029, USA;2. Rady Children''s Hospital San Diego, D, 477 N El Camino Real #302, Encinitas, CA 92024, USA;3. Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Rd, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA;4. Shriners Hospital for Children, 3551 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;5. Miami Children''s Hospital, 3100 SW 62nd Ave, Miami, FL 33155, USA;6. Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China;2. College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China;3. School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China;1. Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia;2. Douglass Hanly Moir, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia;3. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia;4. NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia;5. Upper GI Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia;6. Australian Pancreatic Centre, St Leonards, NSW, Australia;7. University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Samples obtained during research cruises in the North Atlantic and the North Pacific showed possible evidence of gas-phase elemental sulfur, S8. Though the sampling and analytical method are still untested for this sulfur species, these data represent the first suggestion that this sulfur species exists in the marine troposphere. Concentrations of S8 were ∼ 1 ng m−3 or less, though these measurements may represent a lower limit of the true ambient concentration. Though there are only few data, concentrations of elemental sulfur appear to be elevated near coastal or continental margins in the North Atlantic. Possible sources of elemental sulfur include direct vaporization during the sulfur processing, automotive emissions, geothermal emissions, and heterogeneous oxidation of reduced sulfur in cloud droplets. |
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