A parametric investigation of electrical effects on aerosol scavenging by droplets over large fires |
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| Institution: | 1. Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No. 777 Xitai Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710000, China;2. Guangdong nephrotic drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, No. 71 Dongpeng avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China;3. School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China;4. School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China;1. Department of Oral Pathology, King''s College London, Guy''s Hospital, London, United Kingdom;2. Department of Oral Pathology & Medicine, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental Institute and Research Center, Campinas-SP, Brazil;3. Department of Oral Medicine, King''s College London, King''s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom;1. Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China;2. Sun Yat-Sen University Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China;3. State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China;1. Dipartimento di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, V.le dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy;2. CNR-ISC, U.O.S.Sapienza, V.Taurini, 00185 Roma, Italy;3. CNR-ISM, U.O.S. Tito Scalo, C.da S. Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Our nucleation model of strong up-drafts over large fires (such as those ignited by nuclear blasts) show that many droplets in the size range of 1–10 μm are rapidly formed when the cloud becomes supersaturated. In this study we calculate aerosol/droplet collection kernels for electrical parameters commonly seen in cloud air. These kernels, which do not include Brownian diffusion, are used with aged droplet distributions to determine instantaneous scavenging rates of unwettable aerosols with cloud droplets. We find that within a portion of this parameter space the aerosol may be removed from the cloud air with time constants substantially below 1 h over the entire aerosol size range of 0.025–0.5 μm. For much of the parameter space, E-field enhanced attachment of charged aerosol is more rapid than that for Brownian diffusion.The aging of the droplet distribution incorporates the detailed microphysics of nucleation and condensation in a Lagrangian parcel with forced up-draft of 50 m s?1. We assume an initial aerosol distribution that is lognormal about a median radius of 0.05 μm with a geometric standard deviation of 2. Initially there are 106 insoluble aerosol particles per cubic centimeter of air with one-half of them being wettable and the other half being non-wettable.We present our results as a set of curves showing collection kernels and instantaneous scavenging rates vs aerosol radius and electric field strengths. The collection kernel curves are parametrically displayed for droplets of radii 1, 3 and 10 μm and electrical parameters typical of cumulus and thunderstorm clouds. The instantaneous scavenging curve vs aerosol radius is displayed as a function of electrical parameters. |
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