苯酚降解菌的筛选及其降解性能研究

苯酚是造纸、塑料、农药、医药合成等行业生产的原料或中间体。随着经济的发展，未经处理的含酚废水对人类的生存环境已经造成了严重的威胁。利用微生物降解的方法处理含酚废水是一种经济有效且无二次污染的方法。论文通过从被苯酚废水污染的污泥和污水中进行筛选细菌，得到11株耐受菌和降酚菌，在以苯酚为单碳源的培养上筛选降酚菌，通过药物培养得到7株高效降解酚菌。选择8号菌为研究菌种，进一步测定苯酚降解的影响因素。考察了温度、pH值、苯酚初始浓度、接种量对苯酚降解的影响。得出该菌的最适温度为30℃，最适降酚pH为8.0～9．0，最适初始苯酚浓度为200—240mg/L，最适接菌量为10％～15％。通过对8号菌降解苯酚的应用价值进行研究，得出8号菌的苯酚降解率可达到90．01％，耐酚浓度可达1．6g/L。

Study on Separation and Degradation Characteristics of Phenol Degrading Bacteria

Phenol is an important raw material or middle substance in papermaking, plastic, pesticide and medicine synthesis industries. With the development of economy, untreated phenol wastewater imposed serious threats to the environment. It is an e- conomic and effective way to treat phenol wastewater with microorganism biodegradation. In this study, eleven resistance strains were obtained and screened from the wastewater and sludge polluted by phenol. Then degradation strains were screened by single carbon source for the cultivation with phenol. Through drug cultivation, seven strains with high efficiency degradation of phenol were obtained. Strain NO. 8 was selected for experiments. The influencing factors of phenol degradation were studied. The influ- ences of temperature, pH value, phenol initial concentration, inoculation amount of phenol were examined. The optimum temper- ature for the bacteria is 30℃, the optimal drop phenol pH is 8.0 ~ 9. 0, the optimal initial phenol concentration is 200 ~ 240 mg/ L, and the optimal meet bacteria content is 10% - 15%. Through the experiments, the degradation rate of 8 bacteria can achieve 90.01% and the maximum resistance concentration records 1.6 g/L.