Optimizing the design of storage facilities through the application of ISD and QRA |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Diyarbakır, Turkey;2. Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Diyarbakır, Turkey;3. Diyarbakır Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Medicine Department, Diyarbakır, Turkey;1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China;2. University Paris-Est, Laboratoire Modelisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, MSME (UMR 8208 CNRS), 5 bd Descartes – Bat. Lavoisier, 77454 Marne-la-Vallee Cedex 2, France;1. Center for Process Design Safety and Loss Prevention (CPSL), Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;2. Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry 605014, India;1. Centre for Studies on Technological Risk (CERTEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;2. Centre for Process Design, Safety and Loss Prevention (CPSL), Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;1. Safety and Security Science Group (S3G), Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands;2. Antwerp Research Group on Safety and Security (ARGoSS), Faculty of Applied Economics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium;3. Research Group CEDON, Campus Brussels, KULeuven, Brussels, Belgium;1. Safety and Risk Engineering Group, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada;2. Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3J 2X4, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Four strategies can be used to achieve safety in chemical processes: inherent, passive, active and procedural. However, the strategy that offers the best results is the inherent safety approach, especially if it is applied during the initial stages of a project. Inherently Safer Design (ISD) permanently eliminates or reduces hazards, and thus avoids or diminishes the consequences of incidents. ISD can be applied using four strategies: substitution, minimization, moderation and simplification. In this paper, we propose a methodology that combines ISD strategies with Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) to optimize the design of storage installations. As 17% of major accidents in the chemical industry occur during the storage process and cause significant losses, it is essential to improve safety in such installations. The proposed method applies QRA to estimate the risk associated with a specific design. The design can then be compared to others to determine which is inherently safer. The risk analysis may incorporate complex phenomena such as the domino effect and possible impacts on vulnerable material and human elements. The methodology was applied to the San Juanico tragedy that occurred in Mexico in 1984. |
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| Keywords: | Inherently Safer Design Quantitative Risk Assessment Process optimization Storage installations Domino effect Land Use Planning |
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