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The dissipation and risk assessment of 2,4-D sodium,a preharvest anti-fruit-drop plant hormone in bayberries
Authors:Zhao  Huiyu  Yang  Guiling  Liang  Senmiao  Huang  Qianbin  Wang  Qiang  Dai  Wanze  Zhang  Zhiheng  Wang  Wen  Song  Wen  Cai  Zheng
Institution:1.Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
;2.Risk Assessment Lab for Agricultural Products ( Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
;3.Horticulture Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
;4.Huangyan Agriculture and Forestry Bureau, Huangyan, 318020, China
;5.Xiajiang Administration of Forestry, Xingan, 331409, China
;
Abstract:

Preharvest fruit-drop is a challenge to bayberry production. 2,4-D sodium as a commonly used anti-fruit-drop hormone on bayberry can reduce the yield loss caused by preharvest fruit-drop. The persistence and risk assessment of 2,4-D sodium after applying on bayberries were investigated. A method for determining 2,4-D sodium in bayberry was established based on LC-MS-MS. The average recoveries of 2,4-D sodium were at the range of 93.7–95.8% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 0.9 to 2.8%. The dissipation rates of 2,4-D sodium were described using first-order kinetics, and its half-life ranged from 11.2 to 13.8 days. A bayberry consumption survey was carried out for Chinese adults for the first time. The safety assessments of 2,4-D sodium were conducted by using field trail data as well as monitoring data. Results showed that the chronic risk quotient and the acute risk quotient were calculated to be 0.23–0.59 and 0.02–0.05%, respectively, for Chinese adults, indicating low dietary risk for adults and children. In the end, the household cleaning steps were compared, and results showed that water rinsing for 1 min can remove 49.9% 2,4-D sodium residue, which provides pesticide removal suggestion for consumers.

Keywords:
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