全氟及多氟类化合物在人体分布及其毒性研究进展

全氟和多氟烷酸类化合物(perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFASs)是一类新型持久性有机污染物,目前其在民用和工业产品中得到广泛应用。在环境样品、野生动物以及人类体内都检测到了这类物质。PFASs对哺乳动物和水生生物具有广泛的毒性,其对生态环境和人体健康的影响受到公众关注。目前,PFASs对人类健康的研究还多停留在流行病学研究和体外细胞毒性研究方面,由于人类有复杂的免疫和代谢系统,因此PPASs对人类健康影响的具体机制和安全剂量仍然需要进一步研究。本文针对PFASs在人体的分布、流行病学研究、毒理学效应和作用机制等热点问题进行了总结,并对目前PFASs研究存在的问题及今后的研究方向进行讨论和展望。

Advance in Studies on Human Distribution and Toxic Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as an emerging kind of persistent organic pollutants have been widely used in commercial and industrial products. PFASs have been detected in environmental samples, wildlife and human body. PFASs have a wide range of toxicity to mammals and aquatic life; therefore, their adverse effects on the ecological environment and human health draw the attention of the public. At present, research on the effects of PFASs on human health was still carried out applying epidemiologic studies and cytotoxicity studies in vitro. Because human has a complex immune and metabolic system, it is necessary for further studying the specific mechanisms of PFASs affecting human health and their safe doses. In this review paper, we summarized hot issues about PFASs such as their distribution in human body, epidemiological studies related to PFASs, their toxicological effect and the mechanism through which they affect the human body, and then we discussed the existing problems and future research directions.