不同城市机动车尾气排放比较及数据可分享性评价

针对我国绝大多数城市缺乏机动车相关基础数据的实际国情,探讨一种基础数据共享的可能性,用于城市机动车尾气排放清单的计算.以北京、上海、天津及成都4个城市为例,通过综合这些城市现有的机动车相关的基础数据（如机动车保有量,车龄分布,基于驾驶特征的发动机比功率（VSP）,外界环境等）,运用模型预测他们的机动车尾气排放并和相应城...

Vehicle emissions comparisons among different cities and a simple emission estimation approach

The objectives of this paper are to compare the vehicle emissions among different cities in China, and to develop a simple vehicle emissions estimation approach for cities without adequate resources for emissions inventory development. Four metropolitan cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chengdu, were chosen for this study. Vehicle emissions of these four cities were estimated using the International Vehicle Emissions (IVE) model and the corresponding vehicle related data for each city. The vehicle related data include vehicle population, age distributions, vehicle-specific power (VSP) based driving characteristics, ambient conditions, and others. The averages of the vehicle related data were also used to derive a composite emission factor (CEF). The comparison results showed that the emission factors among different cities in China were comparable due to similar vehicle techniques, driving cycles and others. Furthermore, the CEF could be used as a useful surrogate for vehicle emission inventory development for cities in China when there are not adequate information/resources available. For example, comparing the emission inventory using the CEF and the publicized data for Chengdu, the differences were only 1.4% and 10.4% for CO and NOx, respectively, although the difference was as high as 52.6% for HC due to some reasons.