秦山岛周边海域大型底栖动物群落健康状况评价

2015年8月,对秦山岛周边的10个站位进行大型底栖动物定量调查。采用生物多样性指数法和丰度生物量比较法对大型底栖动物群落健康状况进行评价。结果显示,共鉴定大型底栖动物7大类31种,其中软体动物、环节动物各10种,节肢动物5种,脊索动物和棘皮动物各2种,纽虫类和腔肠动物各1种;密度优势类群为软体动物,占总密度的35.00%,生物量优势类群为脊索动物,占总生物量的49.35%;优势种分别为红狼牙虾虎鱼(Odontamblyopus rubicundus)、棘刺锚参(Protankyra bidentata)、内卷原盒螺(Eocylichna involuta)和微角齿口螺(Odostomia subangulata)。大型底栖动物密度为站位St.6最大,为115 ind./m²,St.2最小,为20 ind./m²,平均值为70 ind./m²;生物量St.3最大,为197.25 g/m²,St.9最小,为2.56 g/m²,平均值为54.04 g/m²。秦山岛受污染压力、人为活动干扰和生境限制能因素影响,多样性偏低,优势种为耐污的软体动物、脊索动物和棘皮动物,但其主要为K对策种类,大型底栖动物群落受到了轻度干扰,但群落结构仍较为稳定。

Health Status Evaluation of the Macrobenthos Community in Surrounding Waters of Qinshan Island

In order to evaluate the health status of the macrobenthos community in Qinshan Island waters,quantitative investigation of macrobenthos community was carried out in the 10 stations in Qinshan Island waters in Aug 2015.A total of 31 species from 7 phylums was identified,including 10 species from Mollusca and 10 species from Annelida respectively,5 species from Arthropoda,2 species from Chordata and 2 species from Echinodermata,1 species from Nemertinea and 1 species from Coelenterata;Mollusca was superior in density,took up 35.00%of the total density,however,Chordata was superior in biomass,took up 49.35%of the total biomass.Dominant species determined by Index of Relative Importance was Odontamblyopus rubicundus,Protankyra bidentata,Eocylichna involuta and Odostomia subangulata.The maximum density was occured in St.6(115 ind./m²),whereas the minum density occured in St.2(20 ind./m²),average density was 70 ind./m².The maximum biomass occured in St.3(197.25 g/m²),whereas the minum density occured in St.9(2.56 g/m²),average biomass was 54.04 g/m².Biodiversity analysis showed that the reduction of macrobenthos community diversity may be under the influence of pollution stress,human activity and habitat limit,and the dominant spieces were Mollusca,Chordata and Echinodermata.However,Abundance-Biomass Comparison showed that the macrobenthos community in surrounding waters of Qinshan Island was mildly intrusive and the community structure was comparative stable.