生物法去除地下水中铁锰的影响因素

分析了生物法除地下水中铁锰的影响因素,曝气后使地下水中DO为7.0～7.5mg/L及pH为6.8～7.0时,生物滤层中的锰氧化菌能够保持较好活性及除锰能力,且工艺能够达到铁锰同除的要求.本研究提出的“成熟滤料移植”生物过滤方法,适合于对Mn²⁺吸附能力较强的优质锰砂滤层的接种,而对吸附能力较弱的石英砂滤层,只能采用菌量较大的实验室选择性培养基培养、驯化锰氧化菌的接种方式;锰砂和石英砂生物滤层的反冲洗强度分别控制在6～9L/(s·m²)、7～11L/(s·m²)的较低范围时,滤层的微生物相受扰动较小,反冲后铁锰去除能力能在5h内恢复.同时滤层采用1.0～1.2mm的均质滤料,在反冲洗强度较低的情况下过滤周期依然可延长至35～38h.

Factors Affecting Biological Removal of Iron and Manganese in Groundwater

Factors affecting biological process for removing iron and manganese in groundwater were analyzed. When DO and pH in groundwater after aeration were 7.0 - 7.5 mg/L and 6.8 - 7.0 respectively, not only can the activation of Mn2+ oxidizing bacteria be maintained, but also the demand of iron and manganese removal can be satisfied. A novel inoculating approach of grafting mature filter material into filter bed, which is easier to handle than selective culture media, was employed in this research. However, this approach was only suitable to the filter material of high-quality manganese sand with strong Mn2+ adsorption capacity. For the filter material of quartz sand with weak adsorption capacity, only culturing and domesticating Mn2+ oxidizing bacteria by selective culture media can be adopted as inoculation in filter bed. The optimal backwashing rate of biological filter bed filled with manganese sand and quartz sand should be kept at a relatively low level of 6 - 9 L/(m2 x s) and 7 -11 L/( m2 x s), respectively. Then the stability of microbial phase in filter bed was not disturbed, and iron and manganese removal efficiency recovered in less than 5h. Moreover, by using filter material with uniform particle size of 1.0 - 1.2 mm in filter bed, the filtration cycle reached as long as 35 - 38h.