河南省畜禽粪便污染及耕地负荷时空变化特征分析

为了解河南省畜禽养殖废弃物对环境污染的影响,根据河南省2006年～ 2012年统计数据,以各地级市为单位,分析了2006年～ 2012年河南省主要畜禽粪便产生总量及养分总量、单位耕地面积粪便负荷量及其污染风险预警.结果表明：河南省畜禽粪便产生总量约为28627万吨,猪粪和牛粪占粪便总量的84.5％以上,畜禽粪便还田后,粪便中的养分含量将对该省的水环境造成污染;河南省耕地畜禽粪便负荷预警级别在I级与Ⅳ级之间,风险较高的地市主要集中在漯河、鹤壁等市,尤其是鹤壁市,负荷量最高达59t/hm2.因此,这些地级市应该加强畜禽粪便的风险管理和综合治理工作.

Analysis on the Pollution of Livestock and Poultry Excrement in Spatial-Temporal Variation of Farmland Load of Henan Province

In order to understand the influence of livestock and poultry excrement （PLE） pollution to the environment of Henan province,this article analyzed the total amount of PLE,nutrient,the load per unit area of farmland and pollution risk warning based on statistical data.The results showed that the total amount of PLE was about 2.8627 × 1011 kg per year.Pig excrement and cow dung accounted for more than 84.5％ of the total amount.The PLE returning to fields caused pollution to the water environment because of the nutrient.The warning level of the farmland load of PLE in Henan province had changed between Ⅰ and Ⅳ.The cities with higher warning level were mainly in the Luohe and Hebi basin area,especially Hebi had reached 5.9 × 106 kg per hectare.Therefore,the risk management and comprehensive treatment work of PLE should be strengthened in Henan Province,especially in these cities with higher risk.