上海城市水环境质量改善历程与面临的挑战

上海市排污总量大,污染负荷重.历史上,黄浦江曾经黑臭,苏州河则在20世纪70～90年代终年黑臭,地表水污染一度成为困扰上海环境的一个主要问题.20世纪80年代以来,上海加大了对城市受污染河流的治理力度,开展了一系列工作,其中苏州河修复是最具代表性的一项.苏州河治理耗资157亿元,历时20年.在实施了苏州河污水合流一期、苏州河环境综合整治一、二、三期项目后,苏州河黑臭现象消失,水质持续改善,滨河风貌明显改观,受到各方面高度评价.与此同时,上海城市水环境质量总体趋好,而要进一步稳定和持续改善全市水环境质量,深化整治势在必行,水环境工作者面临新的挑战.

Meeting Shanghai's urban water environment restoration:history review and current challenges

As the very developed city of China, Shanghai as other industrialized cities encountered some environmental problems like overloaded pollutants discharge. As the key elements of water system in Shanghai, Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek (SC) were in bad situation of dark appearance and smelly, for Huangpu River, it was temporary but for SC, this situation had been lasted from 1970s to 1990s. At that time, surface water pollution was the main environmental problem to Shanghai once. Sine 1980s, a series of programs have been carried out to restore the polluted rivers; the Suzhou Creek rehabilitation program is the case in point. It has cost 14.6 billion RMB and 20 years to Suzhou Cree's rehabilitation. After the implement of several sub-projects like SC Sewer Combined (1 phase) and SC Integrated restoration (3 phases), the situations of dark appearance and smelly have eliminated, and the quality of water was in improving. The consequence was very highly commended by the society. In recent years, the water environment is improved gradually, but further work on control and leverage the current level are still the challenge.