我国粮食自给水平目标设定：研究综述与政策启示

确保重要农产品特别是粮食供给,是实施乡村振兴战略的首要任务。粮食自给水平目标设定是粮食安全状况评价和政策制定的基础,直接影响到国家粮食产业发展的战略方向和实施路径。本文通过对已有关于我国粮食自给水平目标设定的文献进行研读,在总结粮食自给率相关概念和回顾国家粮食自给方针演变的基础上,着重对我国粮食自给率目标设定水平、依据、意义,以及自给率变动的原因和产生的影响等问题进行系统梳理。结果显示：现有研究对于我国粮食安全自给水平设定目标尚无明确且统一的判断。研究提出,现阶段应以资源环境承载力为硬约束,以保持粮食生产稳定性为红线,设定粮食总量自给水平目标替代自给率目标,通过充分利用国外资源和国际市场,更好地实现粮食安全保障与生态环境保护的高度统一。

Target setting of food self-sufficiency level in China: Literature review and policy enlightenment

Ensuring the supply of important agricultural products, particularly food, is one of the primary tasks of implementing the strategy of rural revitalization. Setting the goal of food self-sufficiency level is the foundation of food security evaluation and food policy formulation, and this directly affects the strategic direction and implementation path of a nation's food industry development. Based on the review of the existing literatures regarding the goal setting of food self-sufficiency in China, this paper summarizes the relevant concepts of China's food self-sufficiency rate, reviews the evolution of food self-sufficiency policy at the national level, and focuses on the systematic summary of the level, basis and significance of the goal setting of China's food self-sufficiency rate, as well as the causes and effects of its change in recent years. The study results show that the concept of "food" is closer to the essential meaning of food security than the concept of "grain". However, in existing studies, there is no clear or unified judgment regarding the level of self-sufficiency required for food security in China, nor regarding the level of self-sufficiency allowed by resource conditions. This study proposes that the current stage take the carrying capacity of resources and the environment as a hard constraint and stable maintenance of grain production as the red line; replace the former grain self-sufficiency rate target with the total grain self-sufficiency target; and compensate for the gap between domestic supply and demand, by making full use of foreign resources and international markets. Doing so will allow us to more effectively achieve a higher level of unity of domestic food production with ecological environmental protection and food security.