上海郊野森林游憩适宜性评价及开发引导途径

郊野森林是满足城市居民日益增长的户外游憩需求的重要游憩资源,郊野森林游憩功能开发利用的依据是进行森林游憩适宜性评价。采用德尔斐法和层次分析法,建立了由游憩资源、游憩设施、游憩区位三个方面10个指标构成的上海郊野森林游憩适宜性评价体系,并以此评估了上海64个郊野森林2000年、2006年和2012年游憩适宜性,根据评价结果将郊野森林游憩适宜性划分为高度适宜、中度适宜、勉强适宜、不适宜4个等级。结果表明：2000-2012年,上海郊野森林的游憩适宜性呈增加的趋势,处于低适宜性等级的郊野森林向高适宜性等级转化。并基于不同的游憩适宜性等级提出了优先开发高度适宜郊野森林、积极开发中度适宜郊野森林、适度开发勉强适宜郊野森林的分类引导途径。

Recreation suitability evaluation of countryside forests in Shanghai and corresponding developing guidance

Recreation functions of city countryside forests are becoming more prominent due to rapid increasing needs of public outdoor recreation. It is significant to evaluate the suitability of countryside forests for promoting their recreation functions. In this study, by using the Delphi method, 10 indicators were chosen to make an evaluation system to assess the recreation suitability of countryside forests, which can be classified into three groups, including recreational resources, recreational facilities, and recreational locations of countryside forests. AHP method was applied to calculate the weight of indicators. By using GIS technology, 64 countryside forests of Shanghai in 2000, 2006 and 2012 were assessed in the recreation suitability. According to the results of evaluation, the recreation suitability was divided into four grades: highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable. The results indicated that the recreational suitability of countryside forests in Shanghai showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2012, and lower suitability grades of countryside forests were transformed into higher suitability grades. Based on different grades of recreational suitability, guidance of countryside forest are proposed. It is suggested that development of highly suitable countryside forests should be given priority, and moderate suitable ones should be actively developed, marginally suitable ones should be reserved and developed.