Radioactivity in the environment around past radium and uranium mining sites of Portugal |
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| Authors: | Carvalho F P Madruga M J Reis M C Alves J G Oliveira J M Gouveia J Silva L |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Fredy & Nadine Hermann Institute of Earth Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel;2. The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, 88103 Eilat, Israel;3. The Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel St., 95501 Jerusalem, Israel;4. Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland;1. “Constantin Cosma” Radon Laboratory (LiRaCC), Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, “Babeş-Bolyai” University, Fântânele Street, no. 30, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;2. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, C. Daicoviciu Street, no. 15, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;3. SC Radon Action SRL, Str. Mărginaşă 51, 400371 Cluj-Napoca, Romania |
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| Abstract: | Measurements of ambient radiation doses and determination of radionuclide concentrations in mining waste and soils were performed in 60 areas of former radium and uranium mining. In several places, mining waste and low-grade uranium ore left on the surface contain radioactivity above regional background. Most of the former mining sites present no enhanced radionuclide concentrations. However, in the mining facilities where the radioactive ore was chemically extracted, mill tailings contain materials with elevated levels of radioactivity, up to 200 times the levels in unaffected soils of the region. Mud from neutralization ponds used to treat acid mine waters contains also elevated radionuclide concentrations. Furthermore, depending on the type of waste, the radioelement composition varies. Environmental rehabilitation measures shall take these differences into account in order to prevent in the long term the radioactive contamination of agriculture soils and water resources, and to ensure adequate radiological protection to the public and to the environment. |
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