Effects of reactive hydrocarbons on ozone formation in southern Taiwan |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 1-55, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;2. Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;2. School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;2. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;2. Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;3. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China |
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| Abstract: | Ambient air samples were collected at 13 air quality monitoring stations in Kaohsiung city, Kaohsiung county, and Pingtung county (KKP) to investigate the composition and spatial distribution of C2–C10 non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in southern Taiwan. Ozone formation potentials (OFPs) of NMHCs were estimated using maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) and kOH method (reactivity of NMHC with OH radical) to assess the relative effects of hydrocarbons on ozone formation. The measurements showed that mixing ratios of toluene, ethene, ethyne, ethane, isopantane and propane were the highest among all measured species at most of the sampling sites. Nevertheless, considering both the photochemical reactivities and mixing ratios of all the measured species, toluene, xylene, ethene and propene were calculated to have the highest OFPs and reactivities. The OFPs and reactivities assessed by the MIR and kOH methods for the four compounds accounted for 54.5% and 39.3% of all the measured species. Larger benefit margin of ozone abatement may be obtained by reducing emissions of a group of key species with high OFPs.2,2-dimethylbutane (22DMC4) was used as an indicator of traffic emissions to distinguish traffic from non-traffic contributions of key species in Kaohsiung metropolitan area. It revealed that the contribution of non-traffic source was significant for toluene, whereas xylene was found to be primarily from the traffic source in Kaohsiung metropolitan area during the sampling periods. |
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