| 基于GIS的银川市不同功能区土壤重金属污染评价及分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 3554 全文点击 1640 投稿时间：2015-07-16 修订日期：2015-09-14 |
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| 中文关键词 银川市 重金属 城市土壤 空间分布 污染评价 |
| 英文关键词 Yinchuan City heavy metal urban soil spatial distribution pollution evaluation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以银川市8种不同城市功能区表层土壤(0~20 cm)为研究对象,每个功能区各采集10个土样,共80个样. 通过数理统计和地统计学方法,分析和评价银川市区不同功能区土壤重金属Zn、 Cd、 Pb、 Mn、 Cu和Cr污染现状及其来源,并在GIS支持下绘制土壤重金属含量空间分布图. 结果表明,银川市Zn、 Cd、 Pb、 Mn、 Cu和Cr的平均值分别为74.87、 0.15、 29.02、 553.55、 40.37和80.79 mg ·kg-1,均高于宁夏土壤背景值,呈现出重金属累积现象. 通过单因子污染指数可知,银川市不同重金属污染程度依次为:Cu > Pb > Zn > Cr > Cd > Mn. 从空间分布可以看出,Zn、 Cd、 Pb和Cr在东北、 西南和市区中部含量较高,Mn和Cu在东北方向和市区中部含量较高. 通过内梅罗综合指数可知,银川市道路和工业区呈现中度污染,其它功能区均表现为轻度污染. 不同功能区污染程度依次为:道路 > 工业区 > 商业区 > 医疗区 > 住宅区 > 公园 > 开发区 > 科教区. 说明伴随经济发展,银川市土壤重金属含量已受到城市中各种人类活动的影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Surface soil samples (0-20 cm) from eight different functional areas in Yinchuan city were collected. There were 10 samples respectively in each functional area. The urban soil heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu and Cr) pollution characteristics and sources in eight different functional areas were evaluated by mathematical statistics and geostatistical analysis method. Meanwhile, the spatial distributions of heavy metals based on the geography information system (GIS) were plotted. The average values of total Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu and Cr were 74.87, 0.15, 29.02, 553.55, 40.37 and 80.79 mg ·kg-1, respectively. The results showed that the average value of soil heavy metals was higher than the soil background value of Ningxia, which indicated accumulation of the heavy metals in urban soil. The single factor pollution index of soil heavy metals was in the sequence of Cu > Pb > Zn > Cr > Cd > Mn. The average values of total Zn, Cd, Pb and Cr were higher in north east, south west and central city, while the average values of Mn and Cu were higher in north east and central city. There was moderate pollution in road and industrial area of Yinchuan, while the other functional areas showed slight pollution according to Nemoro synthesis index. The pollution degree of different functional areas was as follows: road > industrial area > business district > medical treatment area > residential area > public park > development zone > science and education area. The results indicated that the soil heavy metal pollution condition in Yinchuan City has been affected by human activities with the development of economy. |
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