| CaO机械化学法去除土壤中DDTs的工艺参数优化 |
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| 引用本文： | 张冬格,隋红,宋静,李海波,申洋洋,黄玉娟.CaO机械化学法去除土壤中DDTs的工艺参数优化[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(9):1336-1343. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张冬格 隋红 宋静 李海波 申洋洋 黄玉娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.天津大学化工学院, 天津 300072 ;中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210008 ;天津化学化工协同创新中心, 天津 300072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41471262,41471258) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探究应用机械化学技术处理高浓度DDTs污染土壤的最优工艺,以CaO为球磨药剂,采用行星式球磨机对高浓度DDTs污染土壤进行球磨无害化处理研究,分析不同尺寸磨球配比、球磨机转速、球料比(磨球与物料的质量比)和物料比(CaO与土壤的质量比)对DDTs的去除效果,并通过响应面法优化工艺参数.结果表明:单独使用大球(直径20 mm)球磨4 h后,土壤中DDTs残余量为4 mg/kg；而单独使用其他更小尺寸(10和8 mm)的磨球或不同尺寸磨球组合处理下的DDTs残余量均超过80 mg/kg,与单独使用大球处理的效果有显著差异.单因素试验结果显示,去除土壤DDTs的最佳参数为转速500 r/min、球料比35∶1、物料比5∶10,在该工艺条件下球磨3 h后土壤中DDTs残余量为44 mg/kg,去除率可达99.6%.依据三因素三水平的Box-Behnken试验建立的响应面模型可较好地反映土壤中DDTs残余量与转速、球料比和物料比之间的关系,各因素对土壤中DDTs残余量的影响大小表现为球料比＞转速＞物料比；通过优化计算得到使DDTs残余量达到最低时的工艺参数为转速500 r/min、球料比24∶1、物料比5∶10,在该工艺条件下球磨3 h后土壤中DDTs残余量为369 mg/kg,可见响应面法优化并未能够筛选出最优的球料比.因此,CaO机械化学法无害化处理高浓度DDTs污染土壤的最优工艺参数为各单因素试验确定的工艺条件组合,即球磨转速500 r/min、球料比35∶1、物料比5∶10.
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| 关 键 词： | 机械化学 CaO DDTs污染土壤 响应面法 参数优化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/3/15 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/5/4 0:00:00 |
Optimization of the Operational Parameters for Mechanochemical Degradation of DDTs in Contaminated Soil with Calcium Oxide |
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| ZHANG Dongge,SUI Hong,SONG Jing,LI Haibo,SHEN Yangyang and HUANG Yujuan.Optimization of the Operational Parameters for Mechanochemical Degradation of DDTs in Contaminated Soil with Calcium Oxide[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(9):1336-1343. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Dongge SUI Hong SONG Jing LI Haibo SHEN Yangyang and HUANG Yujuan |
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| Affiliation: | School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China ;Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China ;Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China ;National Engineering Research Center for Distillation Technology, Tianjin 300072, China ;Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China,Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China ;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China ;Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China ;Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China,Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China and Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China ;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract:To optimize the operational parameters of mechanochemical treatment of high concentrations of DDTs in contaminated soil,a planetary ball mill was used with CaO as the milling agent.The present study tested the effects of ball size composition,rotation speed,charge ratio(the weight ratio of the balls to the mass) and material ratio(the weight ratio of CaO to soil) on the removal efficiency of DDTs,and optimized the operational parameters by response surface method.The residual concentration of DDTs in the soil was only 4 mg/kg after grinding for 4 h when solely mill balls of 20 mm in diameter were used.On the other hand,when mill balls of smaller size or the combination of balls of different diameters were used,the residual concentration of DDTs was over 80 mg/kg,significantly higher than the treatment with mill balls 20 mm in diameter.The optimized operational parameters derived from single factor experiments were:rotation speed of 500 r/min,charge ratio of 35∶1 and material ratio of 5∶10.Under these parameters,99.6% DDTs removal could be achieved after grinding for 3 h with 44 mg/kg DDTs remaining in soil.By Box-Behnken experiments of three-factor and three-level,a response surface model was established to reveal the relationship between the residual DDTs and the operational parameters.By using the model,the parameters could be ranked by the effect that they had on the residual concentration of DDTs in soil；the rank in turn was charge ratio,rotation speed and the material ratio.Parameters optimized by the response surface model for the least residual of DDTs in soil were:rotation speed of 500 r/min,charge ratio of 24∶1 and material ratio of 5∶10.Experiments under these parameters showed that the residual DDTs concentration was 369 mg/kg in soil after grinding for 3 h.Therefore,the proposed optimal operational parameters for CaO based mechanochemical treatment of DDTs in soil were those determined by single factor experiments:rotation speed of 500 r/min,charge ratio of 35∶1 and the material ratio of 5∶10. |
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