| 石油烃在非均质包气带中的吸附作用及迁移规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 薛镇坤,左锐,王金生,陈敏华,孟利,靳超.石油烃在非均质包气带中的吸附作用及迁移规律[J].环境科学研究,2020,33(4):1028-1036. |
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| 作者姓名： | 薛镇坤 左锐 王金生 陈敏华 孟利 靳超 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京师范大学水科学研究院, 北京 100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（No.41877181，41831283） |
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| 摘 要： | 为深入分析强非均质性污染场地中石油烃的运移规律，探究石油烃类污染物在场地中的吸附、迁移及其影响因素，选取潮白河上游为典型研究区，受冲洪积扇条件控制，区域内包气带非均质性强，地下水埋深较大.采集污染场地包气带介质样品，分别装填原状土（0~20 mm）、细颗粒（< 2 mm）和粗颗粒（>4 mm）3种介质迁移柱，通过土柱淋滤试验表征石油烃在典型介质中的迁移特性；通过静态吸附试验和微生物降解试验识别石油烃迁移过程的关键影响因素，揭示多要素作用条件下的石油烃迁移规律.结果表明:原状土、细颗粒和粗颗粒这3种介质迁移柱出水中石油烃浓度均呈先下降、后波动上升、最终趋于稳定的趋势.3种介质对石油烃的吸附过程均呈现快吸附和慢吸附两个阶段，快吸附阶段发生在试验0~15 h内，完成了吸附的70%~80%；慢吸附阶段持续时间较长，吸附总量缓慢增加.固液比、温度和pH等要素对3种介质石油烃吸附性能的影响相对较小.微生物降解是慢吸附阶段石油烃浓度呈波动上升的主要原因，且在整个石油烃垂向迁移过程中，吸附作用对石油烃去除的贡献率为80%，微生物降解的贡献率为20%.研究显示，相对于微生物作用而言，强非均匀介质在石油烃类污染场地的污染物吸附和迁移过程中起关键控制作用.
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤石油烃 包气带 迁移 吸附作用 微生物降解 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/4/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/8/29 0:00:00 |
Migration of Petroleum Pollutants in Strong Heterogeneous Vadose Zones |
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| XUE Zhenkun,ZUO Rui,WANG Jinsheng,CHEN Minhua,MENG Li,JIN Chao.Migration of Petroleum Pollutants in Strong Heterogeneous Vadose Zones[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2020,33(4):1028-1036. |
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| Authors: | XUE Zhenkun ZUO Rui WANG Jinsheng CHEN Minhua MENG Li JIN Chao |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China2.Engineering Research Center of Ground Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to analyze the migration and explore the adsorption, migration and influencing factors of petroleum hydrocarbons in strongly heterogeneous contaminated sites, the upper Chaobai River was selected as a typical research area. Under the control of an alluvial fan, the research area was characterized by strong heterogeneity and deep-groundwater depth. Samples were collected from the vadose zone and a migration column was filled with undisturbed fine and coarse particles. The transport characteristics of petroleum pollutants in typical media were characterized by column leaching experiments. Static adsorption and microbial degradation experiments were carried out to study the important influencing factors of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants and to reveal the migration under the action of multiple factors in these three media. The migration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the three media decreased initially, fluctuated and then tended to stability. The adsorption process could be divided into a rapid adsorption stage (0-15 h, with 70%-80% adsorption) and a slow adsorption stage with a slow total adsorption. The solid-liquid ratio, temperature and pH had a relatively small effect on the adsorption of petroleum hydrocarbons. Microbial degradation was the main reason for the fluctuation in the slow adsorption stage. In the petroleum hydrocarbon migration process, the contribution from medium adsorption was 80% and microbial degradation was 20%. The results showed that strongly heterogeneous medium rather than microbiological deterioration played a key role in the adsorption and migration of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants at the site. |
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| Keywords: | soil petroleum hydrocarbon vadose zone migration soil interception micro-biological degradation |
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