职业压力与心理风险的经济损失分析

<正>职业安全与健康风险的新挑战2014年欧盟《工作压力和心理风险管理》和2014年欧洲基金会《改善生活和工作环境》指出,雇员的工作社会心理风险(包括工作压力、工作疲劳、工作骚扰、冷暴力、工作欺凌、缺乏工作协助、工作负荷过大、缺乏工作管理),不但导致健康损伤,而且造成了巨额的经济损失。2007年欧共体《新职业安全与健康有关心理风险的专家     

护眼之道

眼睛为心灵之窗。在日常工作生活中，很多人因用眼过度或其他不恰当的用眼方式导致眼睛疲劳、干涩等不适，加速除鱼尾纹和皱纹之外的眼睛老化。研究表明，良好的营养和环境能减少眼睛健康和视力所面临的风险。     

电力行业职业健康管理

<正>目前,电力行业越来越重视对职业健康方面的管理,但仍有些电力企业存在职业安全卫生投入不足、作业场所职业病危害因素动态、静态监测频率不够等问题,导致这些企业的职业健康工作无法适应电力行业不断发展的需求,无法保证员工的职业健康安全,也无法满足国家对企业职业健康管理的要求。电力行业主要包括发电、输电、变电、配电和用电等环节,其中发     

建筑施工企业危害辨识、风险评价的特点和控制

危害辨识、风险评价和风险控制的策划是《职业安全健康管理体系审核规范》中的重要要素之一,危害辨识、风险评价又是建立职业安全健康管理体系的基础工作。危害辨识、风险评价的结果对职业安全健康管理体系的方针、目标、管理方案、运行控制、绩效监测等核心要素有重大影响。研究建     

环球资讯

正欧盟发布《欧洲企业新风险调查报告2019-背景介绍》2020年5月7日,欧盟职业安全健康局(EU-OSHA)发布了名为《欧洲企业新风险调查报告2019-背景介绍》(以下简称"报告")的报告资料,就影响欧洲企业职业安全健康的因素及新型职业安全健康风险应对工作作了初步概括总结。报告分为7个部分,分别为概况、调研方法、职业安全健康人群关注、职业安全健康管理、新型风险、驱动和壁垒、     

运用危险源控制方法改进职业健康安全管理的有效性

危险源辨识和风险评价是GB/T28001职业健康安全管理的基本方法,通过危险源辨识找出与职业健康安全有关的管理点（危险源）,评价出职业健康安全管理需要管理的重点（中度和高度风险）,制定适宜的方法,即制定目标指标方案、运行控制或应急预案加以控制和改善,体现职业健康安全管理的基本原则和思路。只有正确运用危险源辨识和风险评价的方法,才能做到合理策划危险源的控制方法,集中力量抓主要矛盾解决主要问题,兼顾次要矛盾和一般问题的管理;根据不同危险源的具体情况选择适宜合理的方法,既保证危险源的有效控制,又保证采用的任何危险源控制方法和措施与危险源产生后果的严重性和伴随的风险相适应,尽量避免危险源控制的盲目性和不经济,达到追求最佳职业健康安全绩效的目的,提高整体和系统管理的有效性。     

准从业者职业安全健康管理

<正>准从业者(试用期员工)入职期间是企业职业安全健康管理的重要环节,也是准从业者职业安全健康教育的重要阶段。建筑行业准从业者入职期间在一线施工现场工作,对工作环境不熟悉,面临很大的安全隐患,加强有效的职业安全健康管理能够降低安全风险,避免职业危害和职业伤害等安全事故的发生。鉴于此,本文在对某建筑行业准从业者入职期间的职业安全健康现状调查的基础上,找出企业在准从业者入职期间职业安全健康管     

环球职业安全健康动态

正欧盟关注女性职业安全和健康问题新风险据欧盟职业健康安全署网站消息,女性职业安全和健康出现了新的风险和趋势,即工作场所内外的不平等因素影响女性的职业健康和安全。该结论对于劳动力市场上越来越多的女性从业者来说,为她们的职业健康和安全,提供了一个政策的视角,以研究特定的挑战;提供了一个在就业趋势和工作条件、     

工业危废贮存间有害气体扩散模拟及健康风险评价

随着中国工业化进程的发展,工业危险废物产量和堆存量逐年增加,但相应的危废贮存管理工作尚不完善,导致危废工人面临健康和安全风险.鉴于国内缺乏对工业危废贮存工人职业健康风险的定量评估方法,采用Fluent软件模拟某工业危废暂存间挥发性污染物的空间分布,并对工人暴露在挥发性有机气体下吸入途径的健康风险进行定量评价.结果表明:工业危废贮存间内会产生甲苯、二甲苯等有毒有害气体,存在非致癌性风险;暂存间内,有害气体在呼吸带高度浓度值最大,若只开启工作区域对应卸料门,气体浓度将超过GBZ 2.1-2007《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值》标准,会对工人造成职业健康风险.     

基于模糊贝叶斯网络的煤气化职业健康风险分析

针对煤气化行业职业健康风险影响因素不确定及模糊的特点,建立了职业健康风险计算模型。该模型将模糊数学与贝叶斯网络相耦合,模拟事件概率,找出导致风险的主要因素。通过分析煤气化行业中存在的多种风险因素,应用问卷调查法和模糊集理论模拟了根节点的发生概率,得出职业健康风险概率的预测值;应用贝叶斯网络反向推理的功能计算根节点后验概率并排序,确定了薄弱环节。该模型不仅能解决概率缺失情况下的风险量化推算问题,定量进行职业健康风险评估,还可以实现关键因素的识别,并能有针对性地提出改进措施,为职业健康风险预防提供决策依据。     

妇女职业安全与健康权益保护的策略研究—基于修订《妇女权益保障法》视角

为了完善《中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法(修订草案)》,进行保护妇女职业安全与健康权益的策略研究,梳理有关科学研究和立法实践证据.研究结果表明:应突出保护、关心和关爱妇女,在关注女性特殊性需求前提下实现男女平等和妇女全面发展;细化职业妇女健康权利,强化政府行政部门的监督管理责任以及妇联和工会的群众监督责任;用人单位采取一...     

The role of policy for the management of psychosocial risks at the workplace in the European Union

A number of significant developments towards the management of psychosocial risks have been achieved at the policy level in the European Union (EU) since the introduction of the 1989 European Commission Council Framework Directive 89/391/EEC on Safety and Health of Workers at Work on which a new EU risk prevention culture has since been established, combining legislation, social dialogue, best practices and building partnerships. However, it has been widely acknowledged that initiatives aiming to promote workers’ health have not had the impact anticipated both by experts and policy makers and the main reason for this has been the gap that exists between policy and practice. This paper discusses the findings from the PRIMA-EF project, a policy-orientated project, which focussed on the development of a European framework for psychosocial risk management at the workplace. In particular, the paper presents the results of an EU stakeholder survey and interviews with EU policy level experts to assess their awareness, understanding and evaluation of the impact of policy initiatives for psychosocial risk management.     

National culture and safe work behaviour of construction workers in Pakistan

It is widely accepted that unsafe behaviour is intrinsically linked to workplace accidents. A positive correlation exists between workers’ safe behaviour and safety climate on construction sites. Construction workers’ attitude towards safety is influenced by their perception of risk, management, safety rules and procedures. Pakistan, a developing country, is currently experiencing a strong growth in its construction activities. Unfortunately, the enforcement of safety regulations in Pakistan is not widespread. Indeed, some relevant regulations are both outdated and irrelevant to daily construction operations. This paper investigates local construction workers’ behaviour, perception and attitude toward safety, and attempts to link the research findings to the influence of national culture. A three-part interview-based questionnaire survey has identified that the majority of workers have a good degree of risk awareness and self-rated competence. Additionally, workers’ intentional behaviour was empirically explained by their attitudes towards their own and management’s safety responsibilities, as well as their perception of the risk they are generally exposed to in their workplace. The paper also reveals that workers operating in a more collective and higher uncertainty avoidance environment, are more likely to have safety awareness and beliefs, which can exhibit safer on-site behaviour.     

Developing a standard for psychosocial risk management: PAS 1010

The nature of work has changed dramatically due to globalisation, migration, technological advances and the emergence of the knowledge-based economy. These changes have been accompanied by the increased prevalence of new and emerging types of risk to workers’ health and safety, such as psychosocial risks. This paper reviews the key regulatory and voluntary standards on occupational health and safety of relevance to the management of psychosocial risks in the workplace that are applicable to the European Union member states. The review indicates that regulatory standards set the minimum level of protection for workers and voluntary standards may further enable organisations to go beyond their legal obligations. However, the review also highlights that the terms ‘stress’ and ‘psychosocial risks’ are not mentioned explicitly in most pieces of legislation leading to lack of clarity on the terminology used. While voluntary standards seek to address this, very few provide specific guidance on the process of psychosocial risk management to enable organisations to manage psychosocial risks successfully. On the basis of the review, the case for the development of a voluntary standard for psychosocial risk management is presented. The paper further discusses the recent development of such a standard and its implications at the European level.     

化工企业安全风险管控信息系统的研究与应用

为提升企业的安全风险管控水平,以R化工厂的甲醇成品罐区为例,运用系统的危险源辨识方法对其设备、工艺过程、切罐、倒罐操作程序、生产作业活动等进行系统全面的危险源辨识,形成安全风险信息数据库。基于安全风险信息数据库,开发各种风险管控工具。利用信息化技术,构建安全风险管控信息系统,对企业实行动态化的安全管理。     

British directors perspectives on the impact of health and safety on corporate performance

Occupational health and safety is established as a factor in international competitiveness, but we question the relevance of this economic argument at the organisational level. On this basis we assess the place of health and safety in the senior management agenda, based on findings from recent market research. Out of this we take a brief perspective on the literature on performance assessment and corporate reputation, and their relationship with health and safety in the workplace. We then report original in-depth research on directors' attitudes to and practice in workplace health and safety. We conclude with a summary of the key issues and a discussion of directions for further work.     

作业场所职业病危害因素检测与评价信息化管理系统的应用

通过应用信息化网络技术,建立了作业场所职业病危害因素检测与评价数据库,实现了用人单位作业场所有害因素检测与评价数据的申报、传递、编制、审核、报告打印、统计等功能。信息化模板的建立,降低了职业卫生学调查工作难度,方便了检测方案和报告编辑,统一了作业场所职业病危害因素检测与评价报告书生成格式,并自动生成职业病危害因素检测与评价报告书,提高了作业场所职业病危害因素检测与评价工作的质量。本系统具有操作简易、处理功能强大、内部监督管理完善等特点,实现作业场所职业病危害因素检测与评价信息管理科学化、规范化、信息化,降低了劳动强度,提高了工作效率,有很好的应用价值,尤其适合现阶段基层职业卫生工作的需要。     

我国作业场所粉尘职业危害现状与对策分析

为进一步解决我国作业场所粉尘职业危害问题,保障劳动者的职业健康,践行《健康中国2030》国家战略,本文采用资料分析、问卷调查、政策研究、专家咨询等方法,分析与梳理了我国作业场所的粉尘职业危害现状、尘肺病发病的主要特征、粉尘防控存在的突出问题。基于分析与研究,提出加大防尘技术支撑机构建设力度、加强粉尘防治重点科技攻关、提高粉尘防治信息化水平以及职业健康人才队伍建设等粉尘危害防控对策与措施。