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<正>公众是环境保护不竭的动力,良好的公众参与机制有利于促进公众与政府之间的良性互动,增强公众对政府的满意度,形成和谐的社会氛围。公众参与环境保护是解决环境问题,实现可持续发展的重要途径和手段。只有充分发挥公众参与环境的主观能动性,充分满足公众环境知情、参与 相似文献
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生态保护过程中外部性的存在要求引入各种生态补偿措施,但传统生态补偿的实施面临着补偿标准量化难、约束性差、主体模糊和地区发展不均衡等很多问题。采取生态共建的新补偿模式有助于克服传统问题,但其自身也存在固有的实施瓶颈,包括"面临区域发展冲突"、"要素支撑力限制"、"与现有产业的矛盾范围广"、"投入大、持续时间长"等。在对这些瓶颈进行分析的基础上,要克服生态共建的制约因素,应进行一系列的制度设计,从"统一的组织领导"、"有效的交流机制"、"共建目标细化和项目具体化"、"对地方政府的激励机制"、"公众参与"这5个方面保障生态共建的顺利开展。 相似文献
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公众参与流域水污染控制的机制研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
近期中国流域管理的工作重点之一是水污染控制,公众参与是流域水环境管理的重要组成部分。通过公众参与可以提升公众环境意识、动员多方力量来调和多重利益团体的矛盾、监督企业环境行为、克服政府单方决策的缺陷。但目前中国公众参与流域水污染控制状况并不十分理想,未能有效发挥上述公众参与的优势,极需建立合理的公众参与流域水污染控制机制。基于政府、公众、企业之间的互约‘关系,提出了成立流域水污染控制协调小组,组织政府、企业、公众三方力量开展协商、引导支持公众参与流域水环境管理,逐步完善协调、监督、管理、激励的流域水污染控制的互约机制,动员全社会力量建立流域水环境管理的优化体制。 相似文献
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正"环境保护离不开公众参与,纵观发达国家的环保历程,政府、企业和公众,始终是环境保护的三大支柱。""信息公开和公众参与",这是新修订的《环境保护法》专门新增的条目,充分体现了国家对公众参与环保的重视。"人人参与环保,是本次修法的亮点之一。"全国人大常委会法工委副主任信春鹰说。环境问题和其他问题不一样,因为我们每个人都是贡献污染的一分子,所以每个 相似文献
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发展经济和保护环境是现代政府治理的主要课题。环境问题越来越严峻,对公众的影响越来越深,政府和公众的环保意识不断增强,他们不断地参与到环境保护运动中。政府和公众都是理性的经济人,他们有不同的利益诉求。由于信息交流的不顺畅,政府和公众在环境保护参与中进行着博弈。在博弈的过程中,博弈的情景不断变化,政府和公众对环境问题的认知在不断地变化,他们采取的策略也不断发生变化,他们之间的博弈从合作博弈到非合作博弈再到合作博弈,不断循环,从而达到发展经济和保护环境双重目的。 相似文献
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为促进海洋环境影响评价公众参与健康发展,针对目前公众参与组织形式,分析面临的问题,提出相应的对策。海洋工程环境影响评价公众参与面临知情权缺失、话语权受压制以及信任危机多重障碍,提出优化环境信息公开方式、疏导公众意见以及加强政府监督管理的对策建议。 相似文献
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循环经济在我国还处于研究探索的阶段,其理论基础和实践途径有待进一步发展。发展循环经济,建设资源节约型社会,需要积极发挥政府的主导作用,努力实现企业行为的转变,大力倡导社会公众的积极参与,以及尽快建设绿色技术支撑体系。但是,我国的现实情况是,政府在循环经济发展中主导作用不强;企业生态化转型滞后;公众对发展循环经济的意识淡薄。 相似文献
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工业区转型一直备受关注,德国鲁尔区是其中最为典型的案例之一。选取鲁尔区关税同盟矿区为研究对象,基于实地考察和半结构式访谈,剖析其转型过程中的多主体参与机制,总结其治理框架发现:在多渠道的资金投入、矿区工业文化的保护与开发、建筑与环境的更新改造、日常运营与管理及社区生活与空间活化等方面,政府自上而下管理与适度放权相结合扮演支柱角色,社会公众在分担公共事务与参与公共生活过程中活化社会空间,市场主体的自身发展与矿区转型形成良性循环。三类主体活跃互动,其多主体协作治理的经验值得借鉴。我国在工业区转型过程中,政府可尝试脱离“全能包办”的思想,将部分职能释放予社会和市场,吸引其主动进入和发展,共同推动区域转型。 相似文献
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Carbon labelling of grocery products: public perceptions and potential emissions reductions 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Public perceptions of a UK carbon labelling trial were assessed via three focus groups. The public found it very difficult to make sense of labelled emissions values without additional information. There was also little evidence of a willingness to use labels for product selection. There is a strong case for using carbon reduction labels to indicate a programme of on-going emissions reductions, rather than expecting consumers to incentivise emissions reductions by actively choosing the lower carbon variant of two or more products. The normalisation issues and emissions reduction potential of carbon labelling are discussed. 相似文献
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Benjamin Court Thomas R. Elliot Joseph Dammel Thomas A. Buscheck Jeremy Rohmer Michael A. Celia 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2012,17(6):569-599
Stabilization of CO2 atmospheric concentrations requires practical strategies to address the challenges posed by the continued use of coal for baseload-electricity production. Over the next two decades, CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) demonstration projects would need to increase several orders of magnitude across the globe in both size and scale. This task has several potential barriers which will have to be accounted for. These barriers include those that have been known for a number of years including safety of subsurface sequestration, pore-space competition with emerging activities like shale gas production, legal and regulatory frameworks, and public acceptance and technical communication. In addition water management is a new challenge that should be actively and carefully considered across all CCS operations. A review of the new insights gained on these previously and newly identified challenges, since the IPCC special report on CCS, is presented in this paper. While somewhat daunting in scope, some of these challenges can be addressed more easily by recognizing the potential advantageous synergies that can be exploited when these challenges are dealt with in combination. For example, active management of water resources, including brine in deep subsurface formations, can provide the additional cooling-water required by the CO2 capture retrofitting process while simultaneously reducing sequestration leakage risk and furthering efforts toward public acceptance. This comprehensive assessment indicates that water, sequestration, legal, and public acceptance challenges ought to be researched individually, but must also be examined collectively to exploit the promising synergies identified herein. Exploitation of these synergies provides the best possibilities for successful large-scale implementation of CCS. 相似文献
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国外生态城建设中立体绿化的发展动态 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
介绍了国外为有效改善城市环境质量,积极进行城市立体绿化建设经验,城市立体绿经量现出全球化、多样化、规模化、哗和法制化的立体绿化发展趋势,对我国城市产体绿化建设的发展上人积极推动和借鉴作用。 相似文献
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太阳能光伏发电是可再生能源应用的主要方向之一。作为适宜发展太阳能光伏发电的地区,青岛市政电网覆盖区外的诸多海岛具有较好的光伏发电推广应用前景;在市政电网成型地区,道路照明等公共设施用电、新建住宅小区、机关事业单位以及重点用能单位也是具有推广光伏发电的潜力。然而,目前存在的技术瓶颈、激励政策缺乏以及并网发电手续繁琐等因素制约了光伏发电的应用。通过推动光伏发电技术进步及产业发展,并在政策法规以及经济上给予更多鼓励支持,才能促进太阳能光伏发电快速、健康发展。 相似文献
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Jason F. L. Koopman Onno Kuik Richard S. J. Tol Roy Brouwer 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2017,22(2):325-347
One of the climate change scenarios that have been developed for the Netherlands predicts hotter and drier summers and a substantial drop in river discharge. This might lead to water scarcity with detrimental economic and environmental effects. Among the possible adaptation responses to climate change-induced water scarcity, the re-allocation of water resources among competing uses should also be considered. In this paper, we extend and apply a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to assess the potential of water markets (water allocation according to its shadow price) to guide the allocation of scarce water across agriculture, manufacturing, and public water supply. We develop four scenarios in which the scope of water markets is increased from industry-specific to economy-wide. The results show that the agricultural sector bears nearly all of the losses from a new water-scarce climate, while the manufacturing sectors are able to mitigate their losses to a large extent by technical measures. Extending the scope of water markets unambiguously increases economic output and results in a re-allocation of water to the manufacturing sector from the agricultural sector and from public water services. If, perhaps for political reasons, public water services are excluded from water trading, water is re-allocated from agriculture to manufacturing. Depending on which sectors are included, the construction of a water market can have negative or positive effects on a sector’s output, and although the implementation of water markets may be positive for overall economic output and can hence assist adaptation, the effect on vulnerable or societally sensitive economic sectors, such as public water, should be taken into account when implementing such a market. 相似文献