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Pulping production process produces a large amount of wastewater and pollutant emitted ,which has become one of the main pollution sources in pulp and paper industry.To solve this problem,it is necessary to implement cleaner production by using modeling and optimization technology.This paper studies the modeling and multi-objective genetic algorithms for continuous digester process.First,model is established, in which environmental pollution and saving energy factors are considered.Then hybrid genetic algorithm based on Pareto stratum-niche count is designed for finding near-Pareto or Pareto optimal solutions in the problem and a new genetic evaluation and selection mechanism is proposed.Finally using the real data from a pulp mill shows the results of computer simulation.Through comparing with the practical curve of digester, this method can reduce the pollutant effectively and increase the profit while keeping the pulp quality unchanged. 相似文献
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IntroductionWithobsoletetechnology ,equipment,andmanagement,China′spulpandpaperindustryisrecognizedasbeingoneofthemosthighlypollutingsectors.Itsplantsdischargedover3milliont aofCODin 1 995,accountingfor 41 .8%oftheoverallindustrypollutionloadofChina(Ren ,1 998) .Int… 相似文献
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中国光伏电池组件的生命周期评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在收集2009年我国光伏组件生产的主流及最优技术水平数据的基础上,采用Ecoinvent数据库中辅助材料的生命周期数据,开展了我国光伏组件生命周期评价研究,计算了能量回收期和全球变暖潜值,并探讨了不同生产步骤和生产参数的影响.结果表明:太阳能级多晶硅生产和铸锭、切片工艺的技术水平对光伏产品的能量消耗和环境影响最大,我国主流技术水平情景下的产品能耗和环境影响远大于最优技术水平.对于我国光伏产业来说,要降低光伏产品的环境影响,应着重从改进多晶硅生产技术和提高硅片切割效率入手. 相似文献
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Warit Jawjit Carolien Kroeze Wit Soontaranun Leen Hordijk 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2007,15(18):1827-1839
Kraft pulp industry contributes to several environmental problems, including global warming, acidification, eutrophication, smog, toxicity and the production of solid waste. The objective of this study is to identify options to reduce the environmental pressure caused by Kraft pulp industry in Thailand, and to describe a model that quantifies the environmental impact. The model can be used to evaluate the effects of the options on the environmental impact, and the associated costs. The model includes 14 groups of options to reduce emissions and the production of waste. 相似文献
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废纸制浆造纸业环境影响评价的清洁生产分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文章介绍了清洁生产的涵义和评价内容,明确了清洁生产分析在建设项目环境影响评价工作中的必要性。以重庆某废纸制浆造纸厂为分析对象,从原辅材料指标、产品指标、资源指标、工艺技术与装备水平、能耗指标及污染物产生指标这六个方面对该厂生产工艺进行了有效而全面的清洁生产分析,并以此探讨废纸制浆造纸厂环境影响评价中清洁生产分析的指标体系、指标权值和评价方法,为完成废纸制浆造纸行业环评过程中的清洁生产分析提供参考。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cleaner Production》2006,14(3-4):299-304
Industrial ecology (IE) is an emerging framework adopted in the manufacturing, construction, and process industries to provide innovative solutions in strategic planning, leading to cleaner operation and production. An IE framework integrates a large number of processes, economic constraints, and environmental, health and safety considerations for optimized resource utilization. This paper provides a review of environmental management practices in the mining and minerals industry, emphasizing two concepts: IE and cleaner production. The mining and minerals industry provides primary materials for industrial activities; as such, it is an important component in the “industrial ecosystem.” This industry is subject to very stringent social and environmental scrutiny, while providing society with required natural resources to meet essential sustainable development requirements. The implementation of an IE framework in the sector will contribute to sustainable development. 相似文献
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电子废弃物现状与回收处理探讨 总被引:27,自引:4,他引:27
伴随着电子工业和信息高科技产业的高速发展 ,电子废弃物问题不可避免地摆在了我们的面前。伴随着电子废弃物的越境转移和我国成为世界“电子产品制造基地” ,我国也成为世界上最大的“电子废弃物处理场”。介绍了我国及世界上电子废弃物的现状与处理状况 ,分析了电子废弃物具有的潜在环境污染性与可作为再生资源回收利用的资源性的双重特性 ,探讨了我国电子废弃物回收处理的循环经济之路 ,及其相关的政策、方法和措施等 相似文献
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生态环境科技为我国经济发展和生态保护提供重要的技术支撑,新时期下以习近平生态文明思想为指导,回顾我国生态环境科技进步历程、展望发展方向,对以生态环境科技创新引领带动全社会产业绿色可持续发展具有重大的理论和实践指导意义.首先,回顾我国生态环境科技发展的3个主要阶段:开拓期(1972—1990年),初步建成环境总量容量的科技体系;发展期(1991—2011年),创新了流域区域污染治理的理论和技术;新时期(2012年至今),打造精准治污、系统治理的科技支撑体系.其次,系统梳理总结我国生态环境科技在重点流域区域水污染防治、大气污染治理、土壤污染调查与风险管控及修复、固体废物处置与资源化利用、生态保护修复与监管、环境标准基准建设以及环保产业创新能力7个方面取得的重大成果、为污染防治攻坚战提供的有力支撑.最后,分析我国生态环境科技发展面临的需求与挑战,提出我国生态环境科技2.0时代的治污理念及发展对策:①坚持四个“面向”.一是面向世界科技前沿,夯实生态环境科研基础;二是面向经济主战场,促进生态环境科技成果转化;三是面向国家重大需求,开展生态环境领域集智攻关;四是面向人民生命健康,牢牢把握“环保科技的人民性”.②协同三个系统.一是自然系统,从根源上解决生态环境问题,标本兼治,守住自然系统生态安全边界;二是生产系统,强化科技创新驱动,促进生产系统的绿色循环,形成经济增长的绿色新动能;三是生活系统,开展绿色产品、绿色消费研究创新,推动绿色生活转型.③实现“五个创新”.在绿色发展模式、环境治理理念、环境科研方法、多技术融合以及体制机制上实现多元创新,打造新时期下全面发展的生态环境科技2.0时代. 相似文献
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Qishe Yan Chang-Bo Zhou Peng Qu Rui-qin Zhang 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2009,14(8):793-804
The clean development mechanism (CDM), one of three flexible mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol, has received noticeable attention
in cement industry in china. In this paper we will discuss in past the utilization ratios of waste heat generated in cement
industry are at low level in China and at present it is at high level and how the CDM contributes to upgrade cement industry
structure. Making fully use of the opportunity brought by clean development mechanism can help cement enterprises in china
to recover the waste heat generated in the process of cement production. Implementing the development of clean development
mechanism projects in cement industry field, mainly focusing on waste heat for power generation projects, can not only reduce
environmental pollution, but also bring certain economic and social benefit. It is in favor of promoting the upgrade of cement
industrial structure, and will contribute to positive and far-reaching effect toward sustainable development of cement industry
in China. 相似文献
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T. Ramjeawon 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2000,8(6):503
A growing awareness of the impacts of pollution on the environment, coupled with the introduction of sectoral effluent standards by the Mauritian environment authorities, have led to the current situation whereby the sugar factories need to introduce appropriate water and wastewater management systems. The cane-sugar industry has been given 3 years to comply with the legislation on effluent standards. During that 3 year period the industry will have to investigate cleaner production opportunities, select appropriate waste treatment technologies, gain operational experience and confidence with the technology and introduce environmental management systems. The case-study taken from the cane-sugar industry in Mauritius illustrate the extent to which environmental improvements are possible through cleaner production. 相似文献
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近些年来,面对全球化的竞争,越来越需要小批量、多样化、周期短的新的成形技术.薄板成形技术在成形工艺中占有很重要的地位,其多样化趋势已经变得越来越明显,出现了多种加工方法,它对将来的工业结构和产品的生产技术将是一场革命.文中介绍了变压边力技术、成对液压成形技术、粘介质成形技术、无模分层成形技术等几种柔性化程度高的板材成形技术及其发展趋势. 相似文献
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从工业行业存在技术异质特征出发,在全局DEA分析框架下,应用共同前沿理论的MML生产率指数,测度了2001~2012年我国工业行业环境全要素生产率的动态变化及分解构成,并采用动态GMM估计方法对其增长因素进行分析.结果表明: 2001~2012年36个工业行业的环境全要素生产率年均增长率为2.3%,工业环境全要素生产率的增长主要源于技术进步与规模效率的提升.环境全要素生产率呈现清洁型生产行业、中污染生产行业、污染密集型行业依次递减的发展格局,群组间技术差异整体上呈现缩减趋势;通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业、烟草制品业是推动前沿面扩张的主力行业;增长动力分析显示,工业行业存在投入要素利用的规模经济,工业行业“国退民进”的产权改革与能源结构调整有利于环境全要素生产率的提升,资本深化对环境全要素生产率的提升影响微弱,FDI抑制了环境全要素生产率的增长,行业集中度与环境全要素生产率存在“倒U”型关系,不同群组的技术异质性导致了对环境全要素生产率产生不同影响. 相似文献
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建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测的内涵、缺陷及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在环境换取经济增长向环境优化经济增长转变的新形势下,应拓展建设项目环境保护设施竣工验收监洲的内涵.指出目前的竣工验收监测对工业生产型建设项目的制约因素考虑不周、忽视了"三同时"的全过程、忽视了非工业生产型建设项目和区域性开发项目、忽视了无组织排放污染源.提出要创新治理设施竣工验收监测理念、优化竣工验收监测方法、强化竣工验收生态监洲技术的研究、开展区域性建设项目的验收监测. 相似文献
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随着工业的发展,科技的进步,也带来了一系列的环境问题. 如何来解决这个难题呢? 本文论述了环境污染治理的过程,提出了从污染防治到污染防止的历史的必然 相似文献