《国际化学品安全卡网络查询系统》研究通过专家鉴定

由中国石化集团北京化工研究院开发的《国际化学品安全卡 (中文版 )网络查询系统》已于 2 0 0 2年 4月 12日通过了国家安全生产监督管理局主持的科技成果鉴定。国际化学品安全卡 (ＩＣＳＣ)是联合国国际化学品安全规划署 (ＩＰＣＳ)编辑的一套权威性化学品安全信息卡片 ,扼要地介绍了 2 0 0 0多种危险化学品的理化性质、接触危害、爆炸预防、急救 /消防、储存、泄漏处置、包装与标志和环境数据等。目前 ,英文版卡片已被世界各国翻译成十几种文字。美国、日本、德国、法国等国还在因特网上建立了 8种语言文字的ＩＣＳＣ网络查询系统 ,极大地…     

国际化学品安全卡(中文版)网络数据库查询系统的设计与实现

概述了国际化学品安全卡（中文版）网络查询系统的建设、主要内容及其查询方法。重点介绍了系统的设计思想，采用ASP编程技术实现了该查询系统的设计和运行。     

化学品健全管理的内涵、任务和指导原则

本文概述了联合国等国际组织以及发达国家官方文书中关于化学品健全管理的内涵、任务和指导原则的主要论述内容,以期加强我国危险化学品安全和环境管理。     

危险化学品安全管理现状及对策

分析了我国危险化学品的安全管理形势、现状与评价方法，提出了加强危险化学品安全管理的若干对策。     

化学品环境无害化管理的国际发展趋势

概述了化学品环境无害化管理的内涵;从国际环境公约、危险化学品立法、清洁生产、产品绿色化、企业的责任关怀以及公众知情参与等方面概述了化学品环境无害化管理的国际发展趋势;对加强我国化学品环境无害化管理提出了对策建议.     

GHS化学品危险性分类及其公示要素(下)

概述了全球化学品统一分类和标签制度（GHS）的产生背景、推行GHS的重要意义，介绍了GHS关于化学品危险性分类和公示要素的主要内容，评估了我国现行化学品危险性分类与GHS分类的差异点，并对我国全面实施GHS提出了若干对策建议。     

GHS化学品危险性分类及其公示要素(上)

概述了全球化学品统一分类和标签制度（GHS）的产生背景、推行GHS的重要意义，介绍了GHS关于化学品危险性分类和公示要素的主要内容，评估了我国现行化学品危险性分类与GHS分类的差异点，并对我国全面实施GHS提出了若干对策建议。     

美国高产量化学品数据库在筛选优先化学品中的应用

介绍了美国高产量(HPV)化学品数据库的内容、格式和发展情况，以及采用HPV化学品数据筛选优先化学品的程序。HPV化学品数据库主要包括化学品数据、化学品毒性特征描述、优先风险评估以及数据资助方、提交方及测试方的相关信息，支持物质名称或化学文摘社登记号搜索。采用HPV化学品数据可通过自动分类、毒性特征描述和风险优先等级评价三级筛选程序筛选优先化学品。     

《化学品GHS分类方法指导和范例》一书出版

根据联合国《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称GHS),我国颁布了《化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范》等一系列国家标准。其中国标GB15258—2009《化学品安全标签编写规定》已从2010年5月1日起施行。为了满足社会各界对化学品危险性分类知识的需求,促进GHS相关国家标准的实施,化学工业出版社最近出版了《化学品GHS分类方法指导和范例》一书,全国各地新华书店发行(http://shop.cip.com.cn/)。     

《国际化学品安全卡（中文版）网络查询系统》全面改版

由中国石化集团北京化工研究院环保所和计算中心研究建立的《国际化学品安全卡(中文版)网络查询系统》最近完成了2004年度的更新改版工作。这次更新改版是根据2004年4月联合国国际化学品安全规划署(IPCS)在匈牙利召开的国际化学品安全卡翻译工作会议要求完成的。     

Viable chemical recycling of poly(carbonate) as a phosgene equivalent illustrated by the coproduction of bisphenol A and carbohydrate carbonates

Chemical recycling of waste poly(carbonate) (PC) to coproduce bisphenol A (BPA) and carbohydrate carbonates was studied by selecting glycerol (Gly) and glucose (Glu) as model carbohydrates (CHs). In advance of the reaction of PC with CHs, reactions with diphenyl carbonate were examined as a model PC. In dioxane at 100°C using NaOH as catalyst, Gly was converted to cyclic carbonate hydroxymethyldioxolane (HMDO) at 98% and Glu was converted to the dicarbonate (Glu-DC) at 46%, in pyridine, in addition to the production of phenol. Similar treatment of PC with Gly using KOH as a catalyst produced HMDO and BPA at very high yields and treatment with Glu produced Glu-DC and BPA in 38%–42% yields. Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6     

Chemical Treatments of Natural Fiber for Use in Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites: A Review

Studies on the use of natural fibers as replacement to man-made fiber in fiber-reinforced composites have increased and opened up further industrial possibilities. Natural fibers have the advantages of low density, low cost, and biodegradability. However, the main disadvantages of natural fibers in composites are the poor compatibility between fiber and matrix and the relative high moisture sorption. Therefore, chemical treatments are considered in modifying the fiber surface properties. In this paper, the different chemical modifications on natural fibers for use in natural fiber-reinforced composites are reviewed. Chemical treatments including alkali, silane, acetylation, benzoylation, acrylation, maleated coupling agents, isocyanates, permanganate and others are discussed. The chemical treatment of fiber aimed at improving the adhesion between the fiber surface and the polymer matrix may not only modify the fiber surface but also increase fiber strength. Water absorption of composites is reduced and their mechanical properties are improved.     

Toward maximizing the recycling rate in a Sapporo waste plastics liquefaction plant

Sapporo Plastics Recycling Co., Ltd., (SPR) started its commercial operation of waste plastics liquefaction in 2000. At first only hydrocarbon oil was reclaimed, this being derived from the waste plastics liquefaction process under the Japanese Containers and Packaging Recycling Law. Presently, thermal degradation residue and hydrochloric acid are being produced as by-products in addition to the hydrocarbon oil. As a result, the SPR plastics liquefaction plant has achieved a high reclamation rate of 96%, and 93% of the recycled products have been reused in Hokkaido, where SPR is located. The technical problems caused by corrosion and clogging have been solved. Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6     

Australia's National Plan to Combat Pollution of the Sea by Oil and Other Noxious and Hazardous Substances – Overview and Current Issues

Australia's National Plan to Combat Pollution of the Sea by Oil and Other Noxious and Hazardous Substances (the National Plan) has operated since 1973. The objectives of the National Plan are based on Australia's obligations as a signatory to the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation 1990 and a responsibility to protect natural and artificial (man made) environments from the adverse effects of oil pollution and minimise those effects where protection is not possible.The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) is the managing agency of the National Plan, working together with the States and Northern Territory governments, other Commonwealth agencies, ports, and the shipping, oil and exploration industries, to maximise Australia's marine pollution response capability.The 1990s have been a period of significant change for oil spill response arrangements in Australia. The National Plan was extended in 1998 to cover chemical spills and is currently in the process of implementing the oil spill response incident control system (OSRICS). A fixed wing aerial dispersant spraying capability was implemented in 1996 and a research and development program has been put in place. The development of a computer-based National Oil Spill Response Atlas was a major project completed during 1999.     

Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of organic matter during the anaerobic digestion and successive composting of pig slurry

In this work, anaerobic digestion of pig slurry and successive composting of the digestate after centrifugation were studied by means of chemical analysis, FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy as excitation–emission matrix (EEM). Chemical analysis highlighted the organic matter transformation occurring during the processes. A decrease of volatile solids and total organic carbon were observed in the digestate with respect to the fresh pig slurry as a consequence of the consumption of sugars, proteins, amino acids and fatty acids used by microorganisms as a C source. Water Extractable Organic Matter (WEOM) was obtained for all samples and fractionated into a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic fraction. The highest WEOM value was found in the pig slurry indicating a high content of labile organic C. The digestate centrifuged and the digestate composted showed lower hydrophilic and higher hydrophobic contents because of the decrease of labile C. Total phenolic content was lower in the digestate with respect to fresh pig slurry sample (36.7%) as a consequence of phenolic compounds degradation. The strong decrease of total reducing sugars in the digestate (76.6%) as compared to pig slurry confirmed that anaerobic process proceed mainly through consumption of sugars which represent a readily available energy source for microbial activity. FTIR spectra of pig slurry showed bands indicative of proteins and carbohydrates. A drop of aliphatic structures and a decrease of polysaccharides was observed after the anaerobic process along with the increase of the peak in the aromatic region. The composted substrate showed an increase of aromatic and a relative decrease of polysaccharides. EEM spectra provided tryptophan:fulvic-like fluorescence ratios which increased from fresh substrate to digestate because of the OM decompostion. Composted substrate presented the lowest ratio due to the humification process.     

Comparison of alkaline industrial wastes for aqueous mineral carbon sequestration through a parallel reactivity study

Thirty-one alkaline industrial wastes from a wide range of industrial processes were acquired and screened for application in an aqueous carbon sequestration process. The wastes were evaluated for their potential to leach polyvalent cations and base species. Following mixing with a simple sodium bicarbonate solution, chemistries of the aqueous and solid phases were analyzed. Experimental results indicated that the most reactive materials were capable of sequestering between 77% and 93% of the available carbon under experimental conditions in four hours. These materials – cement kiln dust, spray dryer absorber ash, and circulating dry scrubber ash – are thus good candidates for detailed, process-oriented studies. Chemical equilibrium modeling indicated that amorphous calcium carbonate is likely responsible for the observed sequestration. High variability and low reactive fractions render many other materials less attractive for further pursuit without considering preprocessing or activation techniques.     

Decomposition reactions of epoxy resin and polyetheretherketone resin in sub- and supercritical water

Epoxy resin and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) resin were decomposed into their monomers such as phenol, cresols, and their analogues by thermal treatment in sub- and supercritical water in a 10-ml tubing bomb reactor. The addition of basic compounds such as Na₂CO₃ was effective in promoting the decomposition reaction of the resins. In the reaction of epoxy resin, the yield of identified products reached 10% for the reaction at 703K over 1h. In the reaction of PEEK resin, the total yield of phenol and dibenzofuran reached 88% for the reaction at 703K over 3h. Chemical participation of water in the decomposition reaction was confirmed by the reaction of dinaphthylether.     

Hazardous industrial waste management in Vietnam: current status and future direction

This article concentrates on the existing situation of hazardous industrial waste management in Vietnam. To realize the importance of the development of a Vietnam national strategy based on the reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) concept to the year 2020, the author summarizes the practice of recycling activities of hazardous industrial waste and discusses the challenges arising from increases in the quantity and types of waste and the level of hazard of the waste generated considering that the technical infrastructure for handling and managing the waste is inadequate and the legal system on environmental protection is lacking. In order to improve the existing situation of hazardous industrial waste management, the Vietnamese Government recently has played an increasing role in promoting regional and international cooperation on environmental protection through ratifying the international conventions on the environment including the Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movements of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal and the International Labor Organization Convention on Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work and by adhering to the concept of the material-cycle society. These steps are key opportunities for applying the principles of 3R to the recovery of value from hazardous waste in the future.     

香港青山B电厂4×680MW机组排放控制工程OHS风险控制方案介绍

以香港青山B电厂4×680MW机组排放控制工程（CPBEC）为例，介绍了海外环保EPC项目OHS风险控制的特点和风险控制方案，阐述了目前国内环保企业OHS风险管理中存在的主要问题和改进措施。