N-苯基-2-萘胺和N-苯基-1-萘胺籍分离的大鼠肝细胞的代谢

具有致癌性的抗氧化剂N—苯基—2-萘胺(P2NA)和N—苯基—1-萘胺(PINA)在体外籍新鲜分离的大鼠肝细胞进行生物转化.肝细胞培育后的产物经TLC和HPLC分析表明,二者主要代谢产物为酚类.P2NA生成二个酚类化合物,经与标准样品作平行层析证实为6-羟基P2NA和4＇-羟基—P2NA,而P1NA仅生成一个酚类化合物.P2NA经去苯基反应的代谢产物2-萘胺未被检出.     

甲萘酚和甲萘胺在超高交联吸附树脂上的协同吸附行为

研究了水溶液中甲萘酚和甲萘胺在超高交联吸附树脂NDA103、NDA100上的协同吸附行为.实验结果表明,在较高平衡浓度范围内该吸附树脂对双组分水溶液中甲萘酚和甲萘胺双组分(摩尔比分别为3∶1、1∶1、1∶3)的吸附总量大于相同平衡浓度下对单组分水溶液中甲萘酚和甲萘胺的吸附量,呈现协同吸附现象,其主导机制是2种吸附质分子之间的氢键作用.单组分甲萘酚或甲萘胺水溶液和双组分共存水溶液中吸附质分子在吸附树脂上的吸附等温线均符合Langmuir模型.吸附温度由293K升至313K时,甲萘酚和甲萘胺在NDA103上的协同吸附效应的变化明显大于NDA100.NDA103树脂结构上的胺基既加强了对甲萘酚的吸附亲和力又增加了甲萘酚的协同吸附系数.     

黄曲霉A5p1对偶氮染料的降解特性和降解途径

以黄曲霉菌株A5p1为生物材料,研究其脱色染料的广谱性,并选择偶氮染料直接蓝71（DB71）为模型底物,探讨脱色特性及降解产物.该菌株对15种染料的脱色测试结果表明,染料浓度为100mg/L时脱色效率为61.7%~100%.该菌对偶氮染料DB71具有生物吸附和生物降解的双重作用,在pH值7.0,温度30℃,染料浓度300mg/L,蔗糖为碳源时对DB71 脱色率为100%.酶分析显示葡萄糖氧化酶和锰过氧化物酶参与染料的降解.FTIR、GC-MS和LC-MS分析确定代谢终产物为萘胺、叠氮萘、2-羟基-6-草酰-苯甲酸和1-萘酚.     

高水溶性β-环糊精衍生物对萘胺的包合与洗脱作用

合成了谷氨酸-β-环糊精(GluCD)、甘氨酸-β-环糊精(GlyCD)、乙醇胺-β-环糊精(ChoCD)等3种高水溶性β-环糊精(β-CD)氨基衍生物,并研究了其对溶液中萘胺的包合作用及在低浓度下对土壤中萘胺的洗脱作用.研究结果表明:3种β-CD氨基衍生物对萘胺的包合能力大于β-CD,大小顺序为:GluCDChoCDGlyCDβ-CD,GluCD的包合常数为270.7L/moL,是β-CD的4.5倍.在低浓度下,3种β-CD氨基衍生物对土壤中的萘胺依然表现出较高的洗脱能力,在浓度为1.0g/L的条件下,GlyCD、ChoCD和GluCD对土壤中萘胺的洗脱率分别高达88%、94%和98%,3种β-CD氨基衍生物对土壤中萘胺的洗脱能力与包合能力成正比;此外,在低浓度下,环糊精在土壤上的吸附也是影响有机物洗脱过程的重要因素之一.     

伏安法测定水中β-萘酚

研究了β-萘酚在多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)修饰电极上的电化学行为,在C6H8O7-Na2HPO4溶液中,β-萘酚在修饰电极上产生一对可逆峰,还原峰电位为-0.103V,氧化峰电位为-0.076V,该峰较灵敏、稳定,适于伏安测定。据此提出了一种灵敏,简便的检测β-萘酚的电化学分析方法。在合适的条件下,β-萘酚浓度在2×10-5～4×10-4mol/L范围内浓度与峰电流呈线性相关,相关系数r=0.9940,检出限2.5×10-7mol/L。同时对模拟水样进行测定,结果满意。     

成晶节杆菌NT16和共生芽孢杆菌NG16联合代谢1-萘酚的特性

1-萘酚是多环芳烃降解过程中极易积累的典型含氧多环芳烃,其难降解、毒性大,直接影响多环芳烃污染环境的修复效果.为探究微生物联合代谢1-萘酚的特性,以前期从含氧多环芳烃污染土壤中分离出的两种共生菌株——成晶节杆菌NT16和芽孢杆菌NG16为受试菌株,结合HPLC、TOC、GC-MS等测定方法进行降解特性的测定.结果表明,NT16菌和NG16菌均能以1-萘酚为唯一碳源和能源生长,两种菌株联合代谢比NT16菌、NG16菌单独降解1-萘酚的生长量分别高2.758×10~9 cfu·mL~(-1)和1.4×10~9 cfu·mL~(-1),对1-萘酚的降解率可提高20%,使体系中TOC值加速降低.NT16菌和NG16菌联合代谢1-萘酚可按照两个途径进行,其一,1-萘酚羟化后开环,进入邻苯二甲酸代谢途径.NT16菌更易进入该途径,而NG16菌则不易通过该途径降解1-萘酚;其二,1-萘酚羟化后开环,进入苯丙酸代谢途径.NG16菌迅速将1-萘酚降解为对羟基苯乙酸,其在降解体系中积累,NT16菌无法高效降解1-萘酚却能够降解对羟基苯乙酸至较短烷基链的小分子化合物.该研究结果将为含氧多环芳烃污染环境实际修复中微生物群落协同作用降解污染物奠定基础.     

2-硝基芴在大鼠肝匀浆S-9组分作用下的还原代谢

初步研究了在氮气保护无氧条件下,经Aroclor1254诱导的大鼠肝微粒体酶对2-硝基芴的还原代谢过程.对代谢体系及条件进行了选择用HPLC对代谢产物进行分离研究,经保留时间及紫外光谱核对显示2-硝基芴的主要还原代谢产物为2-氨基芴,除此之外还有三个量少的其代谢产物形成,因含量低而尚未进行结构鉴定.     

水溶性PAN—6S的纯化及其Cd（Ⅱ）的研究

报告了 1 - (2 -吡啶偶氮 ) - 1 -萘酚 - 6 -磺酸的纯化方法 ,使用此方法可获得纯度大于 99.73 %的产品 ,并研究了PAN - 6S与Cd(Ⅱ )显色反应的条件 ,确定在pH =8.0～ 9.0形成橙红色化合物 ,最大吸收波长λmax=51 8nm ,摩尔吸光系数ε =6 .2× 1 0 4L·mol- 1 ·cm- 1 ,镉量在 0～ 30 μg/2 5mL范围内符合比耳定律 ,方法用于废水和头发中镉的测定 ,结果满意 .     

2-萘酚生产对环境的影响及废水处理工艺研究

分析了2-萘酚生产现状、市场形势及污水特点，在总结当前2-萘酚生产废水处理工艺研究状况的基础上，提出了处理2-萘酚污水的双效蒸发-冷凝结晶工艺。该工艺回收2-萘磺酸钠并加以再利用，回收率可达到50％以上，余下的浓缩液可用于生产硫酸钠。实践表明，经该工艺处理的排放污水，其净化程度达到国家污水排放二级标准。     

相对速率法测OH自由基与几种低碳醇的反应速率常数

在 2 99± 2K温度下 ,以甲醇为参照物 ,采用相对速率方法得到了几种醇与OH自由基在气相中的反应速率常数 ,这些速率常数分别为 (单位为 :10 5m3·mol-1·s-1) :乙醇k1=17 6 ,正丙醇k2 =35 2 ,2 丙醇k3=31 2 ,正丁醇k4 =48 2 ,2 甲基—1 丙醇k5=6 2 0 ,2 甲基— 2 丙醇k6=5 36 ,正戊醇k7=5 1 4,3 甲基— 1 丁醇k8=6 8 6 .其中 2 甲基— 1 丙醇的速率常数在本文中是首次报道 .根据各自的反应速率常数计算得到它们在大气中的平均寿命分别为 :τ1=95 1h ,τ2 =47 5h ,τ3=5 3 6h ,τ4 =34 7h ,τ5=2 7 0h ,τ6=312h ,τ7=32 6h ,τ8=2 4 4h .     

Studies on metabolism of 2-naphthylamine and its activation mechanism

2-naphthylamine was incubated with induced rat liver microsome S9 preparation and the metabolites were separated through HPLC. The following products were identified: 2-amino-5-naphthol, 2-amino-6-naphthol, 2-amino-7-naphthol and 2-amino-8-naphthol. The yields of these four metabolites are varying in quantity, and the relative contents of 2-amino-8-, -5-, -6- and -7-naphthol are 52.6%, 28.5%, 14.0% and 4.9% respectively. These results are consistent with the quantitative HMO calculation and inference based upon Di-region theory, i.e., the metabolisms of aryl amines on extra-ring (assigned the ring without the substituent of amino group) are through the epoxidation and then NIH shift, but are not the direct hydroxylation in the formation of phenols. It is shown that both the amino group and the carbon atoms on the extra-ring play duality roles of activation and detoxification in metabolism.     

Biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites by coupling Aspergillus niger with Bacillus subtilis

To explore biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites accumulated in wastewater treatment, a series of bio-degradation experiments were conducted. Two main metabolites of 2-naphthol, 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography with standards. Combining fungus Aspergillus niger with bacterium Bacillus subtilis in the treatment enhanced 2-naphthol degradation e ciency, lowered the accumulation of the two toxic metabolites. There were two main phases during the degradation process by the kinetic analysis: 2-naphthol was first partly degraded by the fungus, producing labile and easily accumulated metabolites, and then the metabolites were mainly degraded by the bacterium, attested by the degradation processes of 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone as sole source of carbon and energy. Sodium succinate, as a co-metabolic substrate, was the most suitable compound for the continuous degradation. The optimum concentration of 2-naphthol was 50 mg/L. The overall 2-naphthol degradation rate was 92%, and the CODCr removal rate was 80% on day 10. These results indicated that high degradation rate of 2-naphthol should not be considered as the sole desirable criterion for the bioremediation of 2-naphtholcontaminated soils/wastewater.     

2-萘酚及臭氧氧化产物对斑马鱼胚胎急性毒性的影响

臭氧氧化作为水处理工艺中预处理或深度处理的手段之一,在饮用水厂、污水处理厂等已被广泛应用。文章以研究有机物急、慢性毒性的模式生物——斑马鱼胚胎为模型,对2-萘酚及其臭氧氧化溶液的急性毒性进行了研究。结果表明,2-萘酚对斑马鱼胚胎具有明显的致畸和孵化抑制作用,胚胎的死亡率随暴露溶液浓度的升高而升高,24、48、72 h的LC50值分别为(7.39±0.65)mg/L、(6.49±0.48)mg/L、(6.27±0.52)mg/L。臭氧氧化可以有效去除2-萘酚,并降低其急性毒性,急性毒性随着反应时间的增加而降低,有利于后续的生物处理和污水达标排放。初始浓度为25 mg/L的2-萘酚溶液在实验条件下,经臭氧氧化12 min后去除率达100%,反应35 min后,溶液对斑马鱼胚胎的急性毒性消失。结合胚胎急性毒性实验结果和液相色谱/质谱、离子色谱的中间产物分析表明,2-萘酚臭氧氧化产物对斑马鱼胚胎的急性毒性作用大大低于2-萘酚,臭氧处理能有效降低2-萘酚的生态风险。     

Effects of rhamnolipid biosurfactant JBR425 and synthetic surfactant Surfynol465 on the peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of 2-naphthol

The kinetics of the recombinant Coprinus cinereus peroxidase-catalyzed 2-naphthol oxidation was investigated in the presence of rhamnolipid biosurfactant JBR425 and synthetic surfactant Surfynol465 at pH 5.5 and 25℃, with concentrations of (bio)surfactants both less than critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and larger than CMC. It was shown that monomers of JBR425 as well as monomers of Surfynol465 had an enhancing effect on the conversion of 2-naphthol in dose response manner and did not influence the initial rate of 2-naphthol oxidation. The results were accounted by a scheme, which contains a stadium of enzyme inhibition by oligomeric 2-naphthol oxidation products. The action of the biosurfactant's (or synthetic surfactant's) monomers was explained by avoidance of the enzyme active center clothing with oligomers. Similar results have demonstrated the potential of rhamnolipid biosurfactant JBR425 due to its biodegradability. When biosurfactants' concentrations are larger than CMC, (bio)surfactants have an opposite effect on the oxidation of 2-naphthol by peroxidase.     

Regeneration of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol used for carbon dioxide absorption

To improve the efficiency of the carbon dioxide cycling process and to reduce the regeneration energy consumption, a sterically hindered amine of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propranol (AMP) was investigated to determine its regeneration behavior as a CO_2 absorbent. The CO_2 absorption and amine regeneration characteristics were experimentally examined under various operating conditions. The regeneration efficiency increased from 86.2% to 98.3% during the temperature range of 358 to 403 K. The most suitable regeneration temperature for AMP was 383 K, in this experiment condition, and the regeneration efficiency of absorption/regeneration runs descended from 98.3% to 94.0%. A number of heat-stable salts (HSS) could cause a reduction in CO_2 absorption capacity and regeneration efficiency. The results indicated that aqueous AMP was easier to regenerate with less loss of absorption capacity than other amines, such as, monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), and N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA).     

Sorption of 1-naphthol by plant cuticular fractions

The contribution of aliphatic-rich plant biopolymer to sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds is significantly important because of their preservation and accumulation in the soil environment,but sorption mechanism is still not fully understood.In this study, sorption of 1-naphthol by plant cuticular fractions was examined to better understand the contributions of respective fraction.Toward this end,cuticular materials were isolated from the fruits of tomato by chemical method.The tomato cuticle sheet consisted of waxes (6.5 wt%),cuticular monomer (69.5 wt%),and polysaccharide (24.0 wt%).Isotherms of l-naphthol to the cuticular fractions were nonlinear (N value (0.82-0.90)) at the whole tested concentration ranges.The KodKow ratios for bulk cuticle (TC1),dewaxed cuticle (TC2),cutin (TC4),and desugared cuticle (TC5) were larger than unity,suggested that tomato bulk cuticle and cutin are much powerful solption medium.Sorption capability of cutin (TC4) was 2.4 times higher than the nonsaponifiable fraction (TC3).The 1-naphthol interactions with tomato cuticular materials were governed by both hydrophobic-type interactions and polar (H-bonding) interactions. Removal of the wax and polysaccharide materials from the bulk tomato cuticle caused a significant increase in the sorption ability of the cuticular material.There was a linear negative trend between K_(oc) values and the amount of polysaccharides or fraction's polarities ((N O)/C);while a linear positive relationship between K_(oc) values and the content of cutin monomer (linear R~2=0.993) was observed for present in the cuticular fractions.Predominant sorbent of the hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in the plant cuticular fraction was the cutin monomer,contributing to 91.7% of the total sorption of tomato bulk cuticle.     

Effects of the surface chemistry of macroreticular adsorbents on the adsorption of 1-naphthol/1-naphthylamine mixtures from water

The adsorption behaviors of 1-naphthol, 1-naphthylamine and l-naphthol/l-naphthylamine mixtures in water over two macroreticular adsorbents were investigated in single or binary batch systems at 293 K, 303 K and 313 K respectively. All the adsorption isotherms in the studied systems can be adequately fitted by Langmuir model. In the case of aminated macroreticular adsorbent NDA103, 1-naphthol is adsorbed to a larger extent than 1-naphthylamine; while, the opposite trend is found for nonpolar macroreticular adsorbent NDA100. It is noteworthy that at higher temperature（303 K and 313 K）, the total uptake amounts of 1-naphthol and 1-naphthylamine in all binary-component systems are obvious larger than the pure uptake amounts in single-component systems, which is presumably due to the cooperative effect primarily arisen from the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the loaded 1-naphthol and 1-naphthylamine molecules. The simultaneous adsorption systems were confirmed to be helpful to the selective adsorption towards 1-naphthol according to the larger selective index.