共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 914 毫秒
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GIS支持下水质模型的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
地理信息系统是集计算机科学,地球科学,信息科学为一体的高新技术,目前,GIS技术已广泛用于资源管理,环境监测,环境评价,灾害评估,区域流域环境规划等众多领域,。已成为国内外环境管理的有效决策支持工具。本文介绍了GIS技术在金华江流域水污染控制决策方面的应用,其中重点介绍了在GIS支持下,金华江流域水污染决策模型的建立,程序设计和实现。 相似文献
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浅论在物业管理企业中推行ISO14000 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一、在物业管理企业中开展ISO14000认证的必要性 ISO14000环境管理系列标准是国际标准化组织(ISO)为保护全球环境,促进世界经济持续发展而制定的第一套关于组织内部环境管理体系建立、实施与审核的通用标准。主要用于组织通过经常和规范化的管理活动,实现对减少污染和环境保护的承诺和应尽义务,其目的在于指导组织建立和保持一个符合要求的环境管理体系(EMS),再通过不断的环境评价,管理评审和体系审核(内审和外市)活动,推动这个体系的有效运行,促进环境质量不断改进。从某种意义上讲,ISO14000… 相似文献
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基于流域水质改善与水环境管理需求,结合目前流域非点源水污染排放存在的问题,本研究采用SOA-B/S架构,运用MVC6和GIS与环境模型集成关键技术,构建流域非点源水污染排放清单估算系统,并系统梳理了地形数据、污染源环境统计数据、气象数据等基础信息,采用基于输出系数法的非点源水污染负荷估算模型,实现了对全年及年内各分水期非点源水污染排放清单的处理分析和估算。系统通过数据库、GIS平台、模型集成和业务系统建设,实现了对不同时间和空间尺度下不同地区的非点源水污染负荷估算,推进了流域非点源污染排放的信息化、科学化及可视化管理,为决策者制定流域水环境管理措施和方案提供了有力的技术支持。 相似文献
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西南地区卫星林火监测系统的建立 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文对建立GIS支持的NOAA卫星林火监测系统进行了分析.内容包括:监测区GIS的形成;NOAA卫星图像叠加经纬度网格;GIS与NOAA卫星图像的复合.1994年春天,我们对西南林区林火进行了1个多月的实时监测,证明了该系统具有林火分辨率高和定位准确的特点.是一个较为理想的林火监测系统。 相似文献
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首先我代表省政协祝贺省人大七届第二十五次常委会议通过的《青海省湟水流域水污染防治条例》的颁布实施。这项重要的《条例》颁布,标志着我省湟水流域水污染防治工作已经进一步纳入了法制管理轨道,意味着湟水水污染防治将有一个新的起点,上一个新的台阶。是全省环境保护工作中的一件大事,值得我们庆贺。随着我省工农牧业生产的迅速发展,环境保护特别是湟水流域水污染防治已成为一个亟待解决的重大问题。湟水流域是我省政治、经济、文化、人口集聚地区。过去虽然在省委省政府的领导和支持下,经过环保、水利、农林等各个部门协同作战,综合治理下,环境保护工作取得了很大成绩,但由于湟水的水量不断减少,自净能力继续减弱,水质污染问题日趋严重,不仅湟水 相似文献
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为推动ISO14001环境管理系列标准在全国的推广,国家环保总局鼓励有实施条件的企业建立ISO14001环境管理体系,同时,也积极在政府部门中推行此项工作。如今,苏州新区和大连开发区经申请,已被确定为首批政府建立ISO14001环境管理体系的试点城区... 相似文献
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采用网络信息平台和水环境模型相结合的技术手段,构建了钱塘江突发水污染事故应急系统。该系统旨在帮助应急管理部门快速应对钱塘江流域突发性水污染事故,以及保障G20峰会期间钱塘江流域的饮用水源地安全。该系统以水动力模型、溢油和化学品泄漏模型为核心,采用空间关系型中央数据库作为数据管理系统,基于网络GIS技术开发而成。通过对钱塘江流域历史事故的反演,验证了该系统的准确度和可靠性。在该系统的基础上,构建了钱塘江流域典型流场库和典型突发水污染事故情景库,以实现快速应对G20峰会期间钱塘江流域突发水污染事故风险。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Non-point source pollution cuntinues to be an important environmental and water quality management problem. For the moat part, analysis of non-point source pollution in watersheds has depended on the use of distributed models to identify potential problem areas and to assess the effectiveness of alternative management practices. To effectively use these models for watershed water quality management, users depend on integrated geographic information systems (GIS)-based interfaces for input/output data management. However, existing interfaces are ad-hoc and the utility of GIS is limited to organization of input data and display of output data. A highly interactive water quality modeling interface that utilizes the functional components and analytical capability of GIS is highly desirable. This paper describes the tight coupling of the Agricultural Non-point Source (AGNPS) water quality model and ARC/INFO GIS software to provide an interactive hybrid modeling environment for evaluation of non-point source pollution in a watershed. The modeling environment is designed to generate AGNPS input parameters from user-specified GIS coverages, create AGNPS input data files, control AGNPS model simulations, and extract and organize AGNPS model output data for display. An example application involving the estimation of pesticide loading in a southern Iowa agricultural watershed demonstrates the capability of the modeling environment. Compared with traditional methods of watershed water quality modeling using the AGNPS model or other ad-hoc interfaces between a distributed model and GIS, the interactive modeling environment system is efficient and significantly reduces the task of watershed analysis using tightly coupled GIS databases and distributed models. 相似文献
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Chen Wuing Liu 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2004,40(2):431-442
ABSTRACT: Ground water is a vital water resource in the Choushui River alluvial fan in Taiwan. A significantly increased demand for water, resulting from rapid economic development, has led to large scale ground water extraction. Overdraft of ground water has considerably lowered the ground water level, and caused seawater intrusion, land subsidence, and other environmental damage. Sound ground water management thus is essential. This study presents a decision support system (DSS) for managing ground water resources in the Choushui River alluvial fan. This DSS integrates geographic information, ground water simulation, and expert systems. The geographic information system effectively analyzes and displays the spatially varied data and interfaces with the ground water simulation system to compute the dynamic behavior of ground water flow and solute transport in the aquifer. Meanwhile, a ground water model, MODFLOW‐96, is used to determine the permissible yield in the Choushui River alluvial fan. Additionally, an expert system of DSS employs the determined aquifer permissible yield to assist local government agencies in issuing water rights permits and managing ground water resources in the Choushui River alluvial fan. 相似文献
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创新水源型流域污染系统控制科技支撑战略,对我国流域水环境综合治理与管理具有前瞻意义.文章从引导科技支撑发展方向,发展多维流域认知系统,创立流域系统控制知识,创新水源流域环境技术,建立流域水环境经济学与完善流域环境管理体系六个方面构建了水源流域污染系统控制的科技支撑战略体系;从制定水源型流域环境区划、水源型流域安全发展规划、水源型流域环境保护规划与水源型流域保护工程规划四个方面提出了水源型流域污染系统控制科技支撑的战略行动;从转变治理方向、改变治理目标与调整控制范围、优化监控指标等方面提出了水源型流域污染系统控制科技支撑的战略建议. 相似文献
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Ryan C. Miller D. Phillip Guertin Philip Heilman 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2004,40(2):347-357
ABSTRACT: Watershed management decision making is a complex process. Cooperation and communication among federal, state, and local stakeholders is required while balancing biophysical and socioeconomic concerns. The public is taking part in environmental decisions, and the need for technology transfer from public agencies to stakeholders is increasing. Information technology has had a profound influence on watershed management over the past decade. Advances in data acquisition through remote sensing, data utilization through geographic information systems (GIS), and data sharing through the Internet have provided watershed managers access to more information for management decisions. In the future, applications incorporating hydrologic simulation models, GIS, and decision support systems will be deployed through the Internet. In addition to challenges in making complex modeling technology available to diverse audiences, new information technology issues, such as interoperability, Internet access, and security, are introduced when GIS, simulation models, and decision support systems are integrated in an Internet environment. This paper presents a review of current use of information technology in watershed management decision making and a discussion of issues created when developing Internet based, integrated watershed management decision support systems. A prototype spatial decision support system (SDSS) for rangeland watershed management was developed using web services, which are components that communicate using text based messages, thus eliminating proprietary protocols. This new framework provides an extensible, accessible, and interoperable approach for SDSS. 相似文献
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基于MAPXTREME的WEBGIS开发浅析--以山东省辖淮河流域水环境WEB管理系统开发为例 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
区域水环境信息是空间的重要组成部分,通过将地理信息系统与Internet相结合,以山东省辖淮河流域水环境WEB管理系统的开发过程为例,对当前主流的WEBGIS实现技术及常用开发方法作了较为系统的论述. 相似文献