粉煤灰对直接耐晒翠兰染料吸附性能的研究

在实验室条件下对粉煤灰吸附处理直接耐晒翠兰染料溶液的影响参数进行了研究。探讨了染料溶浓度ＰＨ值和粉煤灰活化温度,吸附温度,粒径等对粉煤灰吸附性能的影响。试验结果表明,粉煤灰吸附符合Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ方程。随着吸附温度的升高,粉煤灰吸附能力下降,而随着粉煤灰粒径的减小,其吸附能力有所增加。粉煤灰吸附的最佳ＰＨ值范围和活化温度分别为６．３－６．６和６００℃。     

改性粉煤灰吸附稀土废水中的氨氮

用硫酸和氢氧化钠对粉煤灰进行酸改性和碱改性处理,研究改性前后粉煤灰对稀土废水中氨氮的吸附效果变化及最佳吸附条件,并从吸附等温线入手探讨吸附机理。结果显示,经碱改性后粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附性能有明显改善,当最佳吸附条件确定为投加量2 g,吸附时间2 h,初始pH 7～8时,碱改性粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附过程符合Freundlich等温方程式和Langmuir等温方程式。碱改性粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附属于良性吸附,且为吸热过程,室温下理论饱和吸附量为1.9066mg/g。     

粉煤灰及改性粉煤灰对邻甲酚吸附性能的研究

研究了水溶液中粉煤灰(FA)和浸渍粉煤灰(IFA)吸附有害的邻甲酚,试验了颗粒大小、浸渍条件、pH值和温度等因素对吸附量的影响.结果表明,在稀溶液中进行吸附时,提高温度、减小粒径和pH值,可增加粉煤灰对邻甲酚的吸附量;用Al3+离子浸渍的粉煤灰具有较大的吸附量;吸附过程机理主要是多孔物质和静电作用的共同结果所致.     

粉煤灰资源化特性及路面工程应用技术研究

对粉煤灰的各项技术参数进行了试验研究,揭示出粉煤灰的不同成分和形貌对其资源化特性的影响规律,初步完成了消除不利于粉煤灰资源化的有害成分炭的优化实验工作,进行了脱炭粉煤灰混凝土配合比等试验研究,并在路面修复工程中予以应有,结果表明,经脱炭处理的粉煤灰应用于混凝土工程可以明显改善混凝土的工作性能,实际道路运营和技术性能符合路面工程的要求,具有重大的经济效益和环境效益。     

基于响应面法的污泥快速固化效能综合影响

针对现有污泥固化技术存在的固化养护时间长、低温条件下固化效能低等问题。研究提出污泥快速（3d）固化技术,采用响应曲面分析方法,重点考察了石灰、组分A、硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰和温度等5因素对固化效能的综合影响,研究结果表明,石灰、组分A、硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰和养护温度等因素对3d固化体的无侧限抗压强度和含水率的线性效应显著,石灰和组分A、石灰和养护温度对无侧限抗压强度的交互影响显著,石灰和粉煤灰、组分A和养护温度、硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰对含水率的交互影响显著;得出了5因素对固化体3d无侧限抗压强度和含水率影响的定量模型,可对污泥快速固化进行优化和预测;并利用XRD和SED对污泥固化块的化学成分和微观结构进行了分析。     

粉煤灰及改性粉煤灰对邻甲酚吸附性能的研究

研究了水溶液中粉煤灰（ＦＡ）和浸渍粉煤灰（ＩＦＡ）吸附有害的邻甲酚,试验了颗粒大小、浸渍条件、ｐＨ值和温度等因素对吸附量的影响。结果表明,在稀溶液中进行吸附时,提高温度、减小粒径和ｐＨ值,可增加粉煤灰对邻甲酚的吸附量;用Ａｌ＾３＋离子浸渍的粉煤灰具有较大的吸附量;吸附过程机理主要是多孔物质和静电作用的共同结果所致。     

粉煤灰资源化的一种有效途径

本文对影响粉煤灰泡沫玻璃质量的主要因素:玻璃软化温度与发泡剂的选择、发泡温度与发泡时间、发泡剂生成气体的温度、坯体成型压力等关键问题进行了探索,这些问题的探索对提高粉煤灰泡沫玻璃质量,获得性能优良的粉煤灰泡沫玻璃具有十分重要的意义。     

基于响应面法的污泥快速固化效能综合影响简

针对现有污泥固化技术存在的固化养护时间长、低温条件下固化效能低等问题。研究提出污泥快速（3 d）固化技术,采用响应曲面分析方法,重点考察了石灰、组分A、硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰和温度等5因素对固化效能的综合影响,研究结果表明,石灰、组分A、硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰和养护温度等因素对3 d固化体的无侧限抗压强度和含水率的线性效应显著,石灰和组分A、石灰和养护温度对无侧限抗压强度的交互影响显著,石灰和粉煤灰、组分A和养护温度、硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰对含水率的交互影响显著;得出了5因素对固化体3 d无侧限抗压强度和含水率影响的定量模型,可对污泥快速固化进行优化和预测;并利用XRD和SED对污泥固化块的化学成分和微观结构进行了分析。     

运用系统工程进行城市污水和电厂粉煤灰综合治理研究

本文在运用双向控制模式对制约城市经济和社会发展的两个主要环境经济问题—城市污水和电厂粉煤灰进行综合研究的基础上,提出了城市污水和电厂粉煤灰综合治理的新方案.并运用系统工程的原理和方法,对城市污水和电厂粉煤灰综合治理系统的控制目标、优化方案及实现系统优化控制的关键环节等,进行了较为深入的研究.这对于当前许多城市都在探讨的城市污水治理和电厂粉煤灰综合利用问题,或许有所启迪.     

粉煤灰及改性粉煤灰对邻甲酚吸附性能的研究

研究了水溶液中粉煤灰(FA)和浸渍粉煤灰(IFA)吸附有害的邻甲酚,试验了颗粒大小、浸渍条件、pH值和温度等因素对吸附量的影响.结果表明,在稀溶液中进行吸附时,提高温度、减小粒径和pH值,可增加粉煤灰对邻甲酚的吸附量;用Al3+离子浸渍的粉煤灰具有较大的吸附量;吸附过程机理主要是多孔物质和静电作用的共同结果所致.     

粉煤灰和电石渣对聚丙烯塑料裂解的影响研究

研究了粉煤灰和电石渣对聚丙烯塑料裂解的影响,讨论了加入量对裂解速度和裂解产物的影响.结果表明:粉煤灰和电石渣都使裂解产物中的轻质部分(汽油和裂解气)增加、重油降低;粉煤灰比电石渣更能加快反应的进行,而且加入量越多,反应越快,需时越短;粉煤灰比电石渣对聚丙烯塑料的裂解具有明显的催化促进效果.     

The leachability and chemical speciation of selected trace elements in fly ash from coal combustion and refuse incineration

A laboratory leaching test has been used to predict the potential mobility of As, Se, Pb and Cd in landfilled fly ash produced by coal combustion and refuse incineration. These waste residues also formed the basis of a speciation study in which the valency states of As and Se and the chemical forms of Pb and Cd have been determined. Selenium displayed the greatest leachability in each ash type, despite being present at relatively low concentrations in both materials. Substantial amounts of other trace elements were also leached, particularly Pb and Cd from refuse ash and As from coal ash. Chemical associations of Pb and Cd were examined by a sequential extraction procedure. In coal fly ash, both elements were mostly present in the residual fraction, while in refuse ash these elements were mainly associated with the exchangeable fraction. Water-soluble extracts of coal fly ash contained As exclusively as As(V); high background interference prevented the detection of water-soluble As in refuse ash. Selenium was present largely as Se(IV) in aqueous extracts of both ash types. The value of speciation techniques and leaching tests as predictors of environmental behaviour is discussed in conjunction with results of routine trace element determinations and plant uptake studies.     

An assessment of the significance of mercury release from coal fly ash

Some mercury (Hg) naturally present in coal is retained in the fly ash remaining after combustion. Concern has been raised regarding the potential for release of this Hg to the environment. The exchange of Hg between fly ash and the atmosphere was measured in the laboratory and in situ at a fly ash landfill. All samples of fly ash used in the laboratory study, with the exception of that derived from lignite-type coal, acted as a sink for atmospheric Hg. Deposition rates were found to increase as air Hg concentrations increased and to decrease with incident light and increased temperature. Addition of water to fly ash samples resulted in re-emission of deposited atmospheric Hg. Deposition was the dominant flux measured in situ at a fly ash landfill. Atmospheric Hg was deposited to all samples collected as part of two demonstration projects using carbon injection for enhanced Hg capture. Hg concentrations of extracts derived using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1312 (Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure) were < or = 14.4 ng/L. Data developed demonstrate that fly ash, including that collected from Hg removal projects, will release little Hg to the air or water, and under certain conditions, absorbs Hg from the air.     

An Assessment of the Significance of Mercury Release from Coal Fly Ash

Abstract

Some mercury (Hg) naturally present in coal is retained in the fly ash remaining after combustion. Concern has been raised regarding the potential for release of this Hg to the environment. The exchange of Hg between fly ash and the atmosphere was measured in the laboratory and in situ at a fly ash landfill. All samples of fly ash used in the laboratory study, with the exception of that derived from lignite-type coal, acted as a sink for atmospheric Hg. Deposition rates were found to increase as air Hg concentrations increased and to decrease with incident light and increased temperature. Addition of water to fly ash samples resulted in re-emission of deposited atmospheric Hg. Deposition was the dominant flux measured in situ at a fly ash landfill. Atmospheric Hg was deposited to all samples collected as part of two demonstration projects using carbon injection for enhanced Hg capture. Hg concentrations of extracts derived using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1312 (Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure) were ≤14.4 ng/L. Data developed demonstrate that fly ash, including that collected from Hg removal projects, will release little Hg to the air or water, and under certain conditions, absorbs Hg from the air.     

不同释钾菌对粉煤灰的生态效应

粉煤灰治理难度大,但它含有植物生长必需的营养元素钾,将其就地资源化生物利用是一条较好的途径。释钾菌是一种能把矿物中的难溶性钾转化为有效钾的细菌,从土壤中筛选出2种释钾菌,经过在粉煤灰基质中的驯化培养,通过盆栽试验种植紫花苜蓿,比较不同菌株对粉煤灰的改良作用及其对植物生长的影响。结果表明,筛选出的菌株C6对粉煤灰中速效钾的释放效果明显,降低了基质pH,显著地促进了植物的生长,对粉煤灰生态修复具有重要意义。     

Mercury Balance on a Large Pulverized Coal-Fired Furnace

This paper presents results of a survey of mercury concentrations in coal, ash, water, fly ash, and flue gas discharges from a 5.5 × 10⁶ Ib/hr steam generator serving a 775 MW (net) turbine-generator set. Representative composite or grab samples were obtained for inlet coal and outlet ash and water. Stack samples were obtained for fly ash and mercury vapor emissions while the unit was operated at 660 MW (net) (85% of full load). Samples were analyzed by anodic stripping voltammetry, plasma emission spectroscopy, and neutron activation analysis to determine mercury concentration entering the furnace in the coal and leaving the furnace in the flue gas, fly ash, bottom and hopper ash, and water. Method inter-comparisons are discussed. A material balance for mercury has been calculated from fuel, ash, and stack gas flow rates. About 90% of the mercury in the coal is released and appears as vapor discharged in the stack gas while 10% remains in the residual ash. For a 700 MW (net) unit, about 5 lb/day of mercury vapor is released to the atmosphere.     

粉煤灰资源化的现状

本文检索了国内外综合利用粉煤灰的有关文献 ,由粉煤灰特性入手 ,介绍了它在农业、建筑、环保等行业的资源化现状。指出粉煤灰作为二次资源的重要意义 ,并对粉煤灰资源化提出了一些设想     

煤矸石和粉煤灰pH与电导率动态变化规律及其相关性研究

煤矸石和粉煤灰是煤矿区两种常见的固体废弃物,对环境造成极大的污染。pH波动幅度大是废弃物农用治理的主要障碍之一。对两种废弃物连续浸提时的pH和电导率(EC)进行长期动态监测,结果表明,不同层次的煤矸石尽管风化程度不同,但经过长时间浸取后,pH和EC变化趋势相似,且煤矸石、粉煤灰的pH、EC值有很大的相关性。该试验为今后两种废弃物合理利用奠定了基础。