固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2-SnO2／Ce^4＋光催化降解含酚废水

采用共沉淀-浸渍法制备了固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2-SnO2／Ce^4＋,并用XRD、SEM等方法对其结构进行了表征。以苯酚的光催化降解为反应模型,确定了最佳的工艺条件和催化剂再生方法。结果表明：在pH值为6,苯酚初始浓度为50mg／L,催化剂投加量4g／L,光照距离12cm,光照时间为150min,降解率达67．73％,添加助催化剂H2O2后,反应60min,苯酚降解率达到86．33％,催化剂的最佳再生方法是先用1mol／L的硫酸浸渍24h后,在450℃下焙烧6h。     

小型CAF气浮设备处理滇池含藻水的试验研究

采用自制的小型涡凹型气浮(CAF)设备处理滇池含藻水，结果表明，在气浮时间为1min，分离时间为6min的条件下，聚硅硫酸铁铝(PFASSI)用量为40mg／L时，对藻类和浊度的净化效率最大分别为80．1％和78．6％；在聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的用量为2mg／L时，对藻类和浊度的净化效率分别为95．9％和93．2％。使用PFASSI(20mg／L)和PAM(1mg／L)的组合絮凝剂时，滇池含藻水的含藻量由557mg／L降到5．57mg／L，浊度由375度降到27度，二者的去除率分别为99％和92．8％。     

电极-SBBR处理含铜有机污水

采用电极一SBBR系统去除Cu^2＋,考察了电流强度,IA竞争离子（阴离子SO4^2-、NO3^-、CL^-和阳离子Zn^2＋、Ph^2＋）、初始含Cu^2＋量及溶液pH值对除铜效除果的影响。结果表明,当电流强度为40mA时Cu^2＋去除率最高为98％。投加阴（SO4^2-、NO3^-、Cl^-）、阳（Zn^2＋、Pb^2＋）离子均会引起出水Cu^2＋浓度的增加,且Cl^-和Ph^2＋含量分别为45mg／L和30mg／L时对Cu^2＋去除的影响更为显著。进水Cu^2＋浓度为30mg／L时,Cu^2＋去除率最高为98．48％,当进水Cu^2＋≥70mg／L时,出水Cu^2＋浓度不能达标。酸性（pH4．0～4．5）与碱性（pH9．0～10．0）条件均不利于Cu^2＋的去除,且酸性条件的负面影响更显著．当pH为4．5～7．5时．Cu^2＋去除率最高为97．78％。     

水葫芦对萘的降解作用研究

分别在静态和动态两种条件下，以水葫芦为对象，对水生植物净化塘处理萘污水进行研究。结果表明，在静态试验中，水葫芦净化塘对浓度为2．5、6．5和16．1mg／L萘污水的7d净化率分别为97．1％、93．7％和90．4％。动态试验中，相同浓度萘污水7d后的出水净化效率分别为99．2％—99．9％、97．3％—98．6％和94．6％—96．7％。进水浓度分别为1．2mg／L和6．5mg／L萘污水在水葫芦净化塘中的最佳停留时间分别为5d和7d，水葫芦净化塘动态过程的净化效率高于静态过程。     

锆负载树脂用于含氟废水深度处理的研究

本文研制了一种以火力发电厂废树脂为载体的锆负载型氟离子吸附剂，并在评价了该树脂以氟离子的吸附性能之后探讨了该树脂用于火力发电厂含氟废水深度处理的可能性。研究结果表明，锆的最佳负载的最佳浓度为0．5mol／L，该负载树的最佳吸附pH为3．0－4．0，用填充柱进行的实验结果表明，pH＝3的吸附容量显著高于pH＝4时的值。利用该树脂对火力发电厂模拟含氟废水进行了双柱串联吸附工艺处理，当柱流量为35mL／min（SV10）、第二穿透时，第一柱的吸附容量为10228mg／L显著脂；用0．1mol／L的NaOH溶液进行再生，柱流量选择为35mL/min（SV10）时，脱附率在95％以上。     

SiO3^2-离子的加入对脉冲倒极电解合成PASiC的研究

探索了试验过程中SiO3^2-离子团的加入对脉冲自动倒极电解法合成聚合氯化硅酸铝中Alb含量的影响。通过试验确定了最佳摩尔比。在脉冲倒极周期和电解槽电流一定的情况下，当总铝Al，与SiO3^2-的摩尔比为10：1～20：1时；在此合成条件下制备液中Alb含量超过80％；处理模拟水样最佳投药量为：0．5～5mgAl2O3／L。在制备过程中，极化现象得到了极好的控制，电解槽电压和电流十分稳定。     

电-Fenton法处理4-氯酚废水

采用电解法对4-氯酚废水进行了处理。以活性炭纤维(ACF)为阴极，铁为阳极，并向阴极不断通入空气，电解过程中生成的H2O2与阳极溶解的Fe^2 形成Fenton(芬顿)试剂，Fenton试剂在电解的过程中可以产生大量活性羟基 OH，能够很好地氧化降解废水中的4-氯酚。在最佳试验条件下：室温，氯酚浓度为50mg／L，电解时间为60min，pH值为4．5，电流密度为15．38A／m^2，Na2SO4浓度为3g／L时，4-氯酚去除率为85．70％。     

梯度淋洗离子色谱

一、引 言 梯度淋洗离子色谱是近年来发展起来的一项强有力的技术。在阴离子交换离子色谱中,采用梯度淋洗,一次进样可分离多达36个离子。在用电导检测器的离子色谱中至今才应用梯度淋洗技术的主要原因是因为很多重要离子可用非梯度淋洗分离和测定。例如氟、氯和溴等卤素以及常见的阴离子NO_2~-、NO_3~-、PO_4~(3-)和SO_4~(2-)均能用非梯度淋洗分离。然而,要在一次进样中洗脱具有较宽范围不同保留时间的离子,如1—5价离子,     

Cu／Al-PILC催化的C3H6选择还原NO反应的研究

采用聚合羟基铝交联剂对蒙脱土进行撑柱，合成铝交联黏土(Al-PILC)，并以其为载体，制备了应用于C3H6选择还原NO的催化剂Cu／Al-PILE。考察了制备工艺条件及La2O3助剂对催化剂性能的影响，并采用DTA、IR技术对Al-PILC进行表征。研究结果表明，Al-PILE热稳定性随Al／clay比增加逐步提高，SO4^2-改性Al-PILE上SO4^2-与铝氧化柱形成了具有超强酸性的结构，催化活性得到显著提高；当Al/clay比为10mmol／g，浸渍SO4^2-量为20％(wt)，Cu担载量为3％(wt)，空速20000h^-1时，Cu／Al-PILE在350℃NO转化率达到最大值52．02％；浸渍0．5％La2O3提高了Cu／Al-PILE催化剂的活性和热稳定性。     

Fe^o／厌氧微生物体系降解2，4，6-三氯酚特性研究

通过摇床间歇实验,研究了厌氧微生物与零价铁（Fe^o）联合体系降解2,4,6-三氯酚（TCP）的特性,结果表明,在pH7．5,35℃,150r／min,Fe^o10g／L条件下,TCP初始浓度为30mg／L时,TCP降解的拟一级反应速率常数为0．0207h～,添加少量碳源可达到0．0390h^-1,其降解速率是前者的1．88倍;添加碳源的体系在220h内连续多次投加TCP降解率都达到80％以上,而不加碳源的体系在第2次投加TCP后降解率就只有30％左右;添加不同碳源,降解速率不同;添加2-溴乙烷磺酸钠（BESA）以及SO4^2-、NO3^-和S^2-对TCP降解有不同的抑制作用。     

1-2-4酸生产废水资源化技术研究

以萃取—反萃取体系处理萘系染料中间体 1-2 -4酸生产废水 ,通过静态实验和正交实验确定最佳萃取—反萃取工艺条件。 1-2 -4酸生产废水包括 1-2 -4酸母液和 1-2 -4酸氧体废水 ,两种废水的萃余液平均 CODcr<60 0 mg/ L,萃取效率分别达 95 %和92 % ,反萃取效率 10 0 % ,萃取剂可以循环使用 ,有机物浓缩倍数分别为 9～ 10倍和 5～ 6倍 ,该浓缩液可回用。并对 1-2 -4酸生产废水资源化进行了运行费用分析 ,结果表明 ,该工艺有良好的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益     

标准加入法测定特质土壤中微量SO2-4

介绍了用电导滴定标准加入法测定特质土壤中微量SO4^2-的方法，本法克服了其他方法在测定特质土壤中微量SO4^2-时存在的不足，具有简便快速、精密度好、检出限低的优点。     

荧光光纤传感器测定废水中邻硝基苯酚

将２－（４－二苯基）－６－苯基苯并恶唑包埋在增塑的ＰＶＣ膜中,基于邻硝基苯酚对ＰＢＢＯ荧光的猝灭,研制了一种邻硝基苯酚荧光光纤传感器。该传感器对邻硝基苯酚的响应具有良好的可逆性和重现性,响应时间小于５０ｓ,在１．２＊１０＾－４－２．０＊１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ邻硝基苯酚浓度范围内具有好的线性关系。环境水中可能存在的常见阳离子、阴离子、酚、硝基化合物对邻硝基苯酚的测定不产生干扰,将传感器用于废水中的邻硝基     

标准加入法测定特质土壤中微量SO_4~(2-)

介绍了用电导滴定标准加入法测定特质土壤中微量 SO2 - 4的方法 ,本法克服了其他方法在测定特质土壤中微量 SO2 - 4时存在的不足 ,具有简便快速、精密度好、检出限低的优点。     

固体超强酸SO24-/TiO2-SnO2/Ce4+光催化降解含酚废水

采用共沉淀-浸渍法制备了固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2-SnO2/Ce4+,并用XRD、SEM等方法对其结构进行了表征.以苯酚的光催化降解为反应模型,确定了最佳的工艺条件和催化剂再生方法.结果表明:在pH值为6,苯酚初始浓度为50mg/L,催化剂投加量4 g/L,光照距离12 cm,光照时间为150 min,降解率达67.73％,添加助催化剂H2O2后,反应60 min,苯酚降解率达到86.33％,催化剂的最佳再生方法是先用1 mol/L的硫酸浸渍24 h后,在450℃下焙烧6h.     

Emission reduction of aluminium anodising industry by production of Mg2+-Al3+-SO4(2-) -hydrotalcite-type compound

The synthesis of Mg(2+)-Al(3+)-SO(4)(2-)-hydrotalcite-type compound from the acid wastewaters of the aluminium anodising industry has been studied as a possible way of reducing the emissions to the environment, recovering simultaneously resource materials as a valuable mineral. The process of synthesis was carried out using rinse wastewater solutions generated from the anodising treatment when a cascade rinsing system is employed. The method of co-precipitation at constant pH was employed for such a process, using MgO as a source of magnesium. The synthesis was studied as a function of precipitation pH (8-10) and flow rate of reagent mixture (5-30 ml min(-1)). High pH of precipitation and low flow rate of reagent mixture (5-15 ml min(-1)) were found optimal to improve the crystallinity of the synthesised product. The mineral characterisation was performed using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis, all of which indicated characteristics typical of the desired compound. Almost 100% of the aluminium initially present in the acid wastewater solutions was recovered in the form of Mg(2+)-Al(3+)-SO(4)(2-)-hydrotalcite-type compound.     

High-rate biodegradation of 3- and 4-nitroaniline

A municipal wastewater biosludge was acclimated to the degradation of 4-nitroaniline (4-NA). The acclimation was achieved by using this compound as the sole source of nitrogen during the degradation of succinate as the sole source of carbon and energy. The acclimated bacteria were able to eliminate and mineralize 4-NA as the sole source of carbon and energy. However, in batch tests, the degradation process was somewhat instable and only occurred at comparatively low rates. A continuously operated miniaturized fixed-bed bioreactor was used in order to increase the degradation rates. It was inoculated with the acclimated bacteria and fed with 4-NA as the sole substrate. The system enabled high bioconversion efficiency, due to the development of a high biomass concentration of up to 5.45 g SS L-1. At input concentrations of 4-NA up to 4.5 mM and a hydraulic retention time of 3.5 hours a high degradation rate of 1.1 mmol 4-NA L-1 h-1 and 90 ... 95% DOC removal were achieved. Partial nitrification, also occurred. After gradual adaptation, the bacteria also degraded 3-NA and 4-NA simultaneously in this system. Additional batch tests showed, that 3-NA can serve as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy.     

4-[1-Ethyl-1-methylhexy]-phenol induces apoptosis and interrupts Ca2+ homeostasis via ROS pathway in Sertoli TM4 cells

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biological effect of an individual nonylphenol (NP) isomer extremely relies upon the side chain structure. This research was designed to evaluate the...     

A laser flash photolysis study of the decay of SO4- and Cl2- radical anions in the presence of Cl- in aqueous solutions

The rate constant for the reaction of sulphate radical (SO4-) with Cl- has been determined using laser photolysis, at 248 nm, of peroxodisulphate anions to produce the radicals and time resolved optical absorption of the transient species (at 450 or 480 nm for SO4- and 350 nm for Cl2-) for the kinetic determinations. The experiments were performed, in the absence of added sulphate, as a function of temperature and ionic strength and yielded (at an ionic strength of 0.0157 M): kIV = (9.90+/-0.16) x 10(9) exp((-7.12+/-2.0) kJ mol(-1)/RT) M(-1) s(-1), where the errors reflect the 2sigma statistical error. This reaction produces Cl2-, the formation and decay of which were also monitored allowing a determination of the rate constant of its second-order self-recombination reaction which gave k = (6.50+/-1.40) x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1) at 293 K and zero ionic strength.