共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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环境空气质量综合评价方法的改进及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
潘繁 《环境监测管理与技术》2001,13(1):43-44
利用模糊数学综合评价环境空气质量是目前常用的方法之一。针对原有环境空气质量综合评价方法的不足 ,以及无法在同一等级环境空气质量下对空气质量优劣作出评判 ,提出可通过对评价标准的细分和比较欧氏距离最小值的隶属度 ,来确定在同一环境空气质量等级下的环境空气质量的细微差异 相似文献
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水质监测中未确知信息的数学处理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了未确知信息的重要意义 ,并通过实例说明了未确知信息的数学处理方法和过程。应用于水质监测数据处理的结果表明 ,其评价结果符合实际。文末给出了分析结果并针对结果进行了讨论 相似文献
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基于“数字政府”统一框架,设计并建立了基于大数据智能技术的空气质量综合分析系统,集空气质量大数据集成、数据审核、监控报警、综合分析、达标管理、污染溯源功能于一体,建立城市空气质量综合监管数学模型,实现空气质量大数据快速分析及可视化、空气质量预测及评价,可以全方位提升城市环境空气质量综合监测与分析能力,及时、迅速地对城市环境空气质量异常状况作出应对,为环境空气污染精准治理及确保空气站监测数据准确性提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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环境空气质量预报的准确率分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
张伟 《环境监测管理与技术》2005,17(2):44-46
自2001年6月5日开始,47个环境保护重点城市已相继开展了环境空气质量的日报和预报工作。到目前为止,全国已有180个地级以上城市发布了环境空气质量日报,其中90个地级城市还实现了环境空气质量预报,并通过地方电视台、电台、报纸或因特网站等媒体向社会发布。 相似文献
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应用混合加权地某城区的环境空气质量进行评价,并与均值型和上海医科大学空气质量指数模式相比较,认为用模型比较多个监测点的环境空气质量的优劣比均值型和上海医科大学指数模式均优越。 相似文献
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城市绿色发展竞争力评价研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出城市绿色发展竞争力概念,探讨环境质量与经济社会发展水平之间的关系,从城市空气环境质量、地表水环境质量、声环境质量、集中式饮用水源地水质和生态环境质量等"硬环境"着手,结合衡量城市经济发展程度的工业GDP指标,构建评价指标体系,用单位工业GDP的环境代价来表征城市绿色发展竞争力水平,并以安徽省省辖市为例进行了实例研究。 相似文献
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基于BP神经网络城市环境噪声预测及实证研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
城市噪声污染严重影响着人们的生活与工作,采用合适的方法对噪声污染进行评价并预测,进而提出有效的预防及治理措施是噪声污染防治的关键问题,文章利用灰色关联分析选取了影响环境噪声的主要因素,采用BP(Back propagation,BP)神经网络对北京市1994~2006年的环境噪声污染进行评价并预测,验证结果误差较小,说明基于灰色关联的BP神经网络能够有效地对城市环境噪声污染进行评价和预测。 相似文献
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长株潭城市群是湖南省的核心增长极,是"资源节约型社会、环境友好型社会"社会建设综合配套改革试验区,但伴随高速的工业化发展和城市化进程,长株潭面临着严峻的资源约束和环境压力。文章从土地利用格局、经济社会发展、环境质量状况、主要污染物排放和资源能源利用等方面入手,综合分析了长株潭城市群的环境压力,主要体现在长株潭城市群城市化与土地需求的矛盾凸显,"摊大饼"的扩张模式带来生态风险;重工业和污染排放集聚,累积性污染突出;环境空气质量和地表水环境质量形势不容乐观;资源能源利用方式粗放等。结合城市群区域规划,提出了长株潭城市群在新型城镇化建设中应采取的生态环境保护措施建议。 相似文献
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Karim C. Abbaspour Rainer Schulin Ernst Schläppi Hannes Flühler 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》1996,1(3):151-158
A data worth model is presented for the analysis of alternative sampling schemes in a special project where decisions have to be made under uncertainty. This model is part of a comprehensive risk analysis algorthm with the acronym BUDA. The statistical framework in BUDA is Bayesian in nature and incorporates both parameter uncertainty and natural variability. In BUDA a project iterates among the analyst, the decision maker, and the field work. As part of the analysis, a data worth model calculates the value of a data campaign before the actual field work, thereby allowing the identification of an optimum data collection scheme. A goal function which depicts the objectives of a project is used to discriminate among different alternatives. A Latin hypercube sampling scheme is used to propagate parameter uncertainties to the goal function. In our example the uncertain parameters are the parameters which describe the geostatistical properties of saturated hydraulic conductivity in a Molasse environment. Our results indicated that failing to account for parameter uncertainty produces unrealistically optimistic results, while ignoring the spatial structure can lead to an inefficient use of the existing data. 相似文献
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This paper describes one example of how the UK National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) is implemented in a local urban environment. The paper reviews the beginning of this process, by examining the review and assessment procedures of the NAQS in the London Borough of Barnet. By the application of available UK tools of local air quality management (LAQM), the process began through analysis of the levels of local emissions and progressed onto modelling of current and future air quality. A map showing combined emission hotspot areas for the Borough indicated and higher emission rates occur in the south of the Borough and along the major transport corridors, as road sources dominate emissions. Dispersion modelling studies were also conducted for this purpose, using the screening models GRAM, PGRAM and ADMS Urban for an in-depth assessment. These analyses found that some local point sources and the majority of Borough roads with over 20,000 vehicles per day produced exceedances of the future objectives for air quality for some pollutants.Recommendations for the progression of LAQM in the Borough are made and include the update and expansion of the emissions information held for use in future modelling studies. The paper demonstrates the experience of implementing the Strategy, using the tools and procedures available for this purpose, in a local urban environment that is similar to many in the UK. 相似文献
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It is widely purported that urban parks and open spaces can improve the urban environment by cleansing the air and reducing
the noise. However, such environmental functions can be constrained by the size and the location of urban parks in very dense
cities. This study examines the air and acoustic environment and heavy metal contamination in Hong Kong urban parks and open
spaces. Using a hybrid field measurement and computer simulation approach, the study has found that while the air quality
in urban parks is better than that of the roadside, it is not significantly different from that of the ambient conditions.
Noise levels in the urban parks are not significantly lower than those at the typical home environment in Hong Kong. Heavy
metals in urban park dust are slightly lower than that found at the roadside and are broadly comparable to those found at
typical homes and nursery schools. These findings lend support to the postulation that the capability of urban parks and open
spaces in dense cities to improve the urban environment is rather limited and call for a re-examination of the role of urban
parks in enhancing urban livability. The findings also have implications on how urban parks in dense cities should be designed
and managed. 相似文献
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城市空气质量的管理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
刘咸德 《环境监测管理与技术》2000,12(1):1-4
根据“城市空气质量管理,欧盟和中国的实践与经验”国际会专家的发言,整理出有关中国城市空气质量管理的10条建议,城市空气质量管理工作要加强其有生的评估,环保立法 和标准工作要体现先进性,发挥引导作用,城市空气质量管理要有科学研究的支持增强科学性;城市空气质量管理要有区域性的观点,城市质量管理要有前瞻性;城市质量要贯彻可持续发展战略,环保部门负责做好;空气质量管理,积极参与空气的污染治理,深化空气质量 相似文献
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乌鲁木齐市城市环境综合整治定量考核初步研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
城市环境综合整治定量考核是中国为保护和改善城市环境质量而实行的一种行政性管理制度。该项制度目前采用20项指标,综合衡量一个城市的环境质量等级,并进行城市间的相互比较。乌鲁木齐市自1989年参加城考以来,成绩一直不理想,特别是环境空气质量得分不理想。本文采用通常方案和减排方案对2008年城考结果进行预测。结果表明,只有采取减排方案,才能改变乌鲁木齐市在全国城考中排名落后的状况。 相似文献