Using crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol polymer membrane as a separator in the microbial fuel cell

Separator between anode and cathode is an essential part of the microbial fuel cell （MFC） and its property could significantly influence the system perfor- mance. In this study we used polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） polymer membrane crosslinked with sulfosuccinic acid （SSA） as a new separator for the MFC. The highest power density of 7594-4 mW-m-2 was obtained when MFC using the PVA membrane crosslinked with 15% of SSA due to its desirable proton conductivity （5.16 x 10-2 S.cml）. The power density significantly increased to 11064- 30 mW.m-2 with a separator-electrode-assembly config- uration, which was comparable with glass fiber （11704- 46 mW.m-2）. The coulombic efficiencies of the MFCs with crosslinked PVA membranes ranged from 36.3% to 45.7% at a fix external resistance of lO00f2. The crosslinked PVA membrane could be a promising alter- native to separator materials for constructing practical MFC system.     

Biodegradation of 2-methylisoborneol by bacteria enriched from biological activated carbon

One of the most common taste and odour compounds (TOCs) in drinking water is 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) which cannot be readily removed by conventional water treatments. Four bacterial strains for degrading 2-MIB were isolated from the surface of a biological activated carbon filter, and were characterized as Micrococcus spp., Flavobacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp. and Pseudomonas spp. based on 16S rRNA analysis. The removal efficiencies of 2-MIB with initial concentrations of 515 ng·L^-1 were 98.4%, 96.3%, 95.0%, and 92.8% for Micrococcus spp., Flavobacterium spp., Brevibacterium spp. and Pseudomonas spp., respectively. These removal efficiencies were slightly higher than those with initial concentration at 4.2 mg·L^-1 (86.1%, 84.4%, 86.7% and 86.0%, respectively). The kinetic model showed that biodegradation of 2-MIB at an initial dose of 4.2 mg·L^-1 was a pseudo-first-order reaction, with rate constants of 0.287, 0.277, 0.281, and 0.294 d^-1, respectively. These degraders decomposed 2-MIB to form 2-methylenebornane and 2-methyl-2-bornane as the products.     

Performance of an ANAMMOX reactor treating wastewater generated by antibiotic and starch production processes

A pilot-scale anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) reactor was used to treat mixed wastewater resulting from a chlortetracycline and starch production process. The results, collected over the course of 272 days, show that the ratio of influent ammonium to nitrite, pH, and temperature can all affect the efficiency of nitrogen removal. The ratio of influent ammonium to nitrite was maintained at about 1:1 at a concentration below 200 mg·L^-1 for both influent ammonium and nitrite. The total nitrogen (TN) loading rate was 0.15–0.30 kgN·m^-3·d^-1, pH remained at 7.8–8.5, and temperature was recorded at 33±1°C. The rate of removal of ammonia, nitrite, and TN were over 90%, 90%, and 80%, and the effluent ammonium, nitrite and TN concentrations were below 50, 30, and 100 mg·L^-1.     

基于氮掺杂碳量子点的制备及其对Hg2+的响应

以乙二胺和抗坏血酸为原料,通过一步水热法制备了水溶性的氮掺杂碳量子点(N-CQDs).研究了N-CQDs的形貌特征、光学性能和应用分析.表征结果说明,N-CQDs形态为均匀分散的球形,有明显的晶格条纹,抗光漂白性能良好,表面富有含氧官能团,具有良好的水溶性.此外发现N-CQDs还具有优良的荧光性能和荧光稳定性,量子产率可以高达12.29%.分析得出,Hg²⁺对N-CQDs在1.0—120μmol·L^-1范围内有一定的猝灭效应,可作为Hg²⁺的荧光探针,检出限达230 nmol·L^-1.     

Effective removal of Cd2+ and Pb2+ pollutants from wastewater by dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) process could enhance the removal the Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ with less absorbent. The removal rates of both Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ increased with the increase of voltage. The overall removal rate of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in the binary system is higher than that of Cd²⁺ or Pb²⁺ in the single system. DEP could cause considerable changes of the bentonite particles in both surface morphology and microstructure. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) was combined with adsorption (ADS) to simultaneously and effectively remove Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ species from aqueous solution. To implement the process, bentonite particles of submicro-meter size were used to first adsorb the heavy metal ions. These particles were subsequently trapped and removed by DEP. The effects of the adsorbent dosage, DEP cell voltage and the capture pool numbers on the removal rate were investigated in batch processes, which allowed us to determine the optimal experimental conditions. The high removal efficiency, 97.3% and 99.9% for Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺, respectively, were achieved when the ions are coexisting in the system. The microstructure of bentonite particles before and after ADS/DEP was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Our results suggest that the dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption method has a high capability to remove the heavy metals from wastewater.     

Influence of arsanilic acid,Cu2+, PO43− and their interaction on anaerobic digestion of pig manure

The methanogenesis was severely inhibited with 0.46 mM ASA addition.PO₄³⁻ didn’t attenuate the methanogenesis inhibition in the existence of ASA.ASA was transformed to As(III), As(V), MMA and DMA in anaerobic digestion.Cu²⁺ mitigated the methanogenesis inhibition via impeding the degradation of ASA.Arsanilic acid (ASA), copper ion (Cu²⁺) and phosphate (PO₄³⁻) are widely used as feed additives for pigs. Most of these three supplemented feed additives were excreted in feces and urine. Anaerobic digestion is often used for the management of pig manure. However, the interaction of ASA with Cu²⁺ or PO₄³⁻ on anaerobic digestion is still not clear. In this study, the influence of ASA, Cu²⁺, PO₄³⁻ and their interaction on anaerobic digestion of pig manure and the possible mechanisms were investigated. The initial concentrations of ASA, Cu²⁺ and PO₄³⁻ were 0.46 mM, 2 mM and 2 mM in the anaerobic digester, respectively. The methanogenesis was severely inhibited in the assays with only ASA addition, only Cu²⁺ addition and ASA+ PO₄³⁻ addition with the inhibition index of 97.8%, 46.6% and 82.6%, respectively, but the methanogenesis inhibition in the assay with ASA+ Cu²⁺ addition was mitigated with the inhibition index of 39.4%. PO₄³⁻ had no obvious impacts on the degradation of ASA. However, Cu²⁺ addition inhibited the degradation of ASA, mitigating the methanogenesis inhibition. The existence of ASA would inhibit methanogenesis and generate more toxic inorganic arsenic compounds during anaerobic digestion, implying the limitation of anaerobic digestion for ASA- contaminated animal manure. However, the co-existence of ASA and Cu²⁺ could mitigate the inhibition. These results could provide useful information for the management of anaerobic digestion of pig manure containing ASA with Cu²⁺.     

Achieving biodegradability enhancement and acute biotoxicity removal through the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater using a combined internal electrolysis and ultrasonic irradiation technology

Actual pharmaceutical wastewater was treated using a combined ultrasonic irradiation (US) and iron/coke internal electrolysis (Fe/C) technology. A significant synergetic effect was observed, showing that ultrasonic irradiation dramatically enhanced the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies by internal electrolysis. The effects of primary operating factors on COD removal were evaluated systematically. Higher ultrasonic frequency and lower pH values as well as longer reaction time were favorable to COD removal. The ratio of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and COD (B/C) of the wastewater increased from 0.21 to 0.32 after US-Fe/C treatment. An acute biotoxicity assay measuring the inhibition of bioluminescence indicated that the wastewater with overall toxicity of 4.3 mg-Zn²⁺·L^-1 was reduced to 0.5 mg-Zn²⁺·L^-1 after treatment. Both the raw and the treated wastewater samples were separated and identified. The types of compounds suggested that the increased biodegradability and reduced biotoxicity resulted mainly from the destruction of N,N-2 dimethyl formamide and aromatic compounds in the pharmaceutical wastewater.     

Validation of polymer-based nano-iron oxide in further phosphorus removal from bioeffluent: laboratory and scaledup study

The efficient removal of phosphorous from water is an important but challenging task. In this study, we validated the applicability of a new commercially available nanocomposite adsorbent, i.e., a polymer-based hydrated ferric oxide nanocomposite (HFO-201), for the further removal of phosphorous from the bioeffluent discharged from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, and the operating parameters such as the flow rate, temperature and composition of the regenerants were optimized. Laboratory-scale results indicate that phosphorous in real bioeffluent can be effectively removed from 0.92 mg·L^-1 to<0.5 mg·L^-1 (or even<0.1 mg·L^-1 as desired) by the new adsorbent at a flow rate of 50 bed volume (BV) per hour and treatable volume of 3500–4000 BV per run. Phosphorous removal is independent of the ambient temperature in the range of 15°C–40°C. Moreover, the exhausted HFO-201 can be regenerated by a 2% NaOH+ 5% NaCl binary solution for repeated use without significant capacity loss. A scaled-up study further indicated that even though the initial total phosphorus (TP) was as high as 2 mg·L^-1, it could be reduced to<0.5 mg·L^-1, with a working capacity of 4.4–4.8 g·L^-1 HFO-201. In general, HFO-201 adsorption is a choice method for the efficient removal of phosphate from biotreated waste effluent.     

Influence of aeration intensity on the performance of A/O-type sequencing batch MBR system treating azo dye wastewater

Among the numerous parameters affecting the membrane bioreactor (MBR) performance, the aeration intensity is one of the most important factors. In the present investigation, an anoxic/aerobic-type (A/O-type) sequencing batch MBR system, added anoxic process as a pretreatment to improve the biodegradability of azo dye wastewater, was investigated under different aeration intensities and the impact of the aeration intensity on effluent quantity, sludge properties, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) amount generated as well as the change of permeation flux were examined. Neither lower nor higher aeration intensities could improve A/O-type sequencing batch MBR performances. The results showed 0.15 m³·h^-1 aeration intensity was promising for treatment of azo dye wastewater under the conditions examined. Under this aeration intensity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen and color removal as well as membrane flux amounted to 97.8%, 96.5%, 98.7% and 6.21 L·m^-2·h^-1, respectively. The effluent quality, with 25.0 mg·L^-1COD, 0.84 mg·L^-1 ammonium nitrogen and 8 chroma, could directly meet the reuse standard in China. In the meantime, the sludge relative hydrophobicity, the bound EPS, soluble EPS and EPS amounts contained in the membrane fouling layer were 70.3%, 52.0 mg·g^-1VSS, 38.8 mg·g^-1VSS and 90.8 mg·g^-1VSS, respectively, which showed close relationships to both pollutant removals and membrane flux.     

球磨零价镁/石墨(ZVMg/C)降解水中三氯乙烯

利用机械球磨法制备了零价镁/石墨(ZVMg/C)材料,并将其用于水溶液中三氯乙烯(TCE)的降解.研究通过SEM、BET和XRD等分析手段解析了ZVMg/C的表面形态结构和成分组成;采用正交实验方法优化了ZVMg/C的制备参数,比较了石墨含量对材料性能的影响;并考察了ZVMg/C投加量、溶液初始pH和地下水中常见阴(C...     

Effects of Al3+ on pollutant removal and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) under anaerobic,anoxic and oxic conditions

The highest removal efficiencies of COD and TN were achieved under 10 mg/L of Al³⁺. The highest TP removal efficiency occurred under 30 mg/L of Al³⁺. EPS, PS and PN concentrations increased with the addition of Al³⁺. Sludge properties significantly changed with the addition of Al³⁺. Aluminum ions produced by aluminum mining, electrolytic industry and aluminum-based coagulants can enter wastewater treatment plants and interact with activated sludge. They can subsequently contribute to the removal of suspended solids and affect activated sludge flocculation, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In this study, the effects of Al³⁺ on pollutant removal, sludge flocculation and the composition and structure of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were investigated under anaerobic, anoxic and oxic conditions. Results demonstrated that the highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were detected for an Al³⁺ concentration of 10 mg/L. In addition, the maximal dehydrogenase activity and sludge flocculation were also observed at this level of Al³⁺. The highest removal efficiency of total phosphorus (TP) was achieved at an Al³⁺ concentration of 30 mg/L. The flocculability of sludge in the anoxic zone was consistently higher than that in the anaerobic and oxic zones. The addition of Al³⁺ promoted the secretion of EPS. Tryptophan-like fluorescence peaks were detected in each EPS layer in the absence of Al³⁺. At the Al³⁺ concentration of 10 mg/L, fulvic acid and tryptophan fluorescence peaks began to appear, while the majority of protein species and the highest microbial activity were also detected. Low Al³⁺ concentrations (<10 mg/L) could promote the removal efficiencies of COD and TN, yet excessive Al³⁺ levels (>10 mg/L) weakened microbial activity. Higher Al³⁺ concentrations (>30 mg/L) also inhibited the release of phosphorus in the anaerobic zone by reacting with PO₄^3-.     

Fermentative hydrogen production from beet sugar factory wastewater treatment in a continuous stirred tank reactor using anaerobic mixed consortia

A low pH, ethanol-type fermentation process was evaluated for wastewater treatment and bio-hydrogen production from acidic beet sugar factory wastewater in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with an effective volume of 9.6 L by anaerobic mixed cultures in this present study. After inoculating with aerobic activated sludge and operating at organic loading rate (OLR) of 12 kgCOD?m^-3·d^-1, HRT of 8h, and temperature of 35°C for 28 days, the CSTR achieved stable ethanol-type fermentation. When OLR was further increased to 18 kgCOD?m^-3·d^-1 on the 53rd day, ethanol-type fermentation dominant microflora was enhanced. The liquid fermentation products, including volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ethanol, stabilized at 1493 mg·L^-1 in the bioreactor. Effluent pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and alkalinity ranged at 4.1–4.5, -250–(-290) mV, and 230–260 mgCaCO₃?L^-1. The specific hydrogen production rate of anaerobic activated sludge was 0.1 L?gMLVSS^-1·d^-1 and the COD removal efficiency was 45%. The experimental results showed that the CSTR system had good operation stability and microbial activity, which led to high substrate conversion rate and hydrogen production ability.     

Effect of metal ion-doping on characteristics and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotubes for removal of humic acid from water

The effect of ion-doping on TiO₂ nanotubes were investigated to obtain the optimal TiO₂ nanotubes for the effective decomposition of humic acids (HA) through O₃/UV/ion-doped TiO₂ process. The experimental results show that changing the calcination temperature, which changed the weight fractions of the anatase phase, the average crystallite sizes, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, and the energy band gap of the catalyst, affected the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. The ionic radius, valence state, and configuration of the dopant also affected the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activities of the catalysts on HA removal increased when Ag⁺, Al³⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, V⁵⁺, and Zn²⁺ were doped into the TiO₂ nanotubes, whereas such activities decreased as a result of Mn²⁺- and Ni²⁺-doping. In the presence of 1.0 at.% Fe³⁺-doped TiO₂ nanotubes calcined at 550°C, the removal efficiency of HA was 80% with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.158 min⁻¹. Fe³⁺ in TiO₂ could increase the generation of ·OH, which could remove HA. However, Fe³⁺ in water cannot function as a shallow trapping site for electrons or holes.     

水环境中天然有机物对纳米颗粒吸附铅和镉的不同作用

为阐明天然有机物(NOM)在纳米颗粒(NPs)吸附重金属中的作用,研究了蛋白质(牛血清白蛋白,BSA)、碳水化合物(海藻酸钠,NaAlg)和腐殖酸(HA)对二氧化钛纳米颗粒(TNPs)和氧化铈纳米颗粒(CNPs)聚集沉降和吸附Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺的影响.结果表明,当Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺在20—120 mg·L-1范围内,HA和NaAlg显著促进了TNPs和CNPs对这些金属离子的吸附(P<0.05),而BSA对这些金属吸附的影响甚微.TNPs-HA和TNPs-NaAlg对Pb²⁺的吸附分别提高了14%—41%和16%—57%,对Cd²⁺的吸附分别提高了12%—112%和22%—143%.与CNPs相比,CNPs-HA和CNPs-NaAlg对Pb²⁺的吸附增加了21%—71%和23%—65%,对Cd²⁺的吸附增加了26%—45%和45%—91%.并且NPs和NPs-NOM对Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺的吸附符合Freundlich吸附模型.离子强度的增加抑制了NPs-HA/NaAlg和NPs对Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺的吸附,而pH的增加对NPs-HA/NaAlg和NPs吸附Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺起促进作用.     

Comparing the adsorption behaviors of Cd,Cu and Pb from water onto Fe-Mn binary oxide,MnO2 and FeOOH

The adsorption potential of FMBO, FeOOH, MnO₂ for the removal of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in aqueous systems was investigated in this study. Comparing to FMBO and FeOOH, MnO₂ offered a much higher removal capacity towards the three metal ions. The maximal adsorption capacity of MnO₂ for Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ were 1.23, 2.25 and 2.60 mmol·g^-1, respectively. And that for FMBO were 0.37, 1.13, and 1.18 mmol·g^-1 and for FeOOH were 0.11, 0.86 and 0.48 mmol·g^-1, respectively. The adsorption behaviors of the three metal ions on the three adsorbents were all significantly affected by pH values and heavy metal removal efficiency increased with pH increased. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium of the three metal ions onto the three adsorbents. Results showed that the adsorption equilibrium data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm and this indicated that adsorption of metal ions occurred on the three metal oxides adsorbents limited to the formation of a monolayer. More negative charged of MnO₂ surface than that of FMBO and FeOOH could be ascribed by lower pH_iep of MnO₂ than that of FMBO and FeOOH and this could contribute to more binding sites on MnO₂ surface than that of FMBO and FeOOH. The higher metal ions uptake by MnO₂ than FMBO and FeOOH could be well explained by the surface charge mechanism.     

Ca2+添加对微生物矿化固结Cd2+的影响

微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(MICP)可将游离的重金属离子转化为稳定的矿化物,在修复土壤重金属污染方面具有广阔的应用前景.本研究从铜陵矿区周边土壤中筛选得到1株产脲酶且耐镉矿化菌株CZW-1,16S rDNA鉴定为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.),并将其利用于添加外源Ca²⁺的矿化固结Cd²⁺实验中.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)以及X射线衍射(XRD)对矿化产物进行表征和分析.结果表明,添加一定浓度的Ca²⁺可促进细菌的生长,其最佳浓度为20 mmol·L^-1.且Ca²⁺的添加可提高细菌的最小抑制浓度和促进脲酶活性,提高对Cd²⁺的矿化率,加钙前后的矿化率由68.93%提高到75.95%.通过对矿化物的定性分析,可知加钙前后的矿物沉淀由单一CdCO₃变为CdCO₃和CaCO₃的复合沉淀,其表面也由严密紧实变成填满了小颗粒CdCO₃的多孔状.     

南京秋季大气PM2.5中类腐殖质的光学性质与来源分析

类腐殖质(humic-like substances, HULIS)是水溶性有机碳(WSOC)中具有吸光特性的重要组分,对空气质量、气候变化和人体健康均有重要影响.尽管目前对HULIS的研究很多,但不同方法分离机理不同,对于HULIS的分离与测定仍然缺乏统一的标准,针对HULIS分离方法的研究很少.固相萃取法(solid phase extraction, SPE)因其操作简单、分离效果较好而被广泛应用,但对于低浓度样品仍存在检出限较高、回收率较低的问题,且很少有人关注提纯过程中流程空白所包含的含碳组分及其吸光能力.本研究通过调整活化溶液(0.01 mol·L^-1 HCl溶液+甲醇+2%NH₃H₂O/MeOH)与洗脱溶液(2%NH₃H₂O/MeOH)用量的比例对提纯方法进行优化.结果表明,应用优化后的方法对流程空白进行测量时,检出限(MDL)降低到0.035 mg·L^-1以下,精密度RSD <5.41%(n=20),标准品回收率达到95%,在保证回收率的情况下减少了流程空白,提高了样品的精密度,使测定浓度较低的HULIS含量成为可能.为了探究生物质燃烧期间含碳组分的光学特性和来源特征,本研究对2017年10月6日至11月9日南京北郊秋季大气气溶胶样品进行采集.采样期间PM_2.5的浓度为(87.9±43.7)μg·m^-3,WSOC和类腐殖质碳(HULIS-C)的浓度分别为(4.2±2.3)μg·m^-3和(3.6±2.0)μg·m^-3,HULIS-C占WSOC的比例为47.3%,是WSOC中的重要组成部分.本研究还对HULIS在330—400 nm波段的吸光进行测定,使用Angstrom指数(absorption angstrom exponent,AAE)进行表征,得到采样期间AAE的值为2—7,说明HULIS污染主要来自二次转化.后向轨迹结果表明,重污染期间污染物来源为本地生物质燃烧和区域或者长距离气团的输送.     

不同作物原料热裂解生物质炭对溶液中Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附特性

选择由小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆和花生壳经350~500℃热裂解制成的生物质炭,研究生物黑炭对水溶液中Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附特性,分析了pH值、吸附时间、溶液初始质量浓度、生物质炭粒径和投加量对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:生物质炭对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附约10 min即达平衡;3种生物质炭对Cd2+和Pb2+的等温吸附均可用Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程拟合,玉米秸秆炭对Cd2+和Pb2+的最大吸附量远大于小麦秸秆炭和花生壳炭;在生物黑炭投加量为150 mg(6 g.L-1)时,3种生物黑炭对溶液Cd2+的去除率均在90%以上,玉米秸秆炭对溶液Pb2+的去除率达90.30%,而小麦秸秆炭和花生壳炭的去除率仅为52%和47%,玉米秸秆炭有望成为处理重金属污染废水的新型吸附材料。     

Effects of bicarbonate and cathode potential on hydrogen production in a biocathode electrolysis cell

A biocathode with microbial catalyst in place of a noble metal was successfully developed for hydrogen evolution in a microbial electrolysis cell （MEC）. The strategy for fast biocathode cultivation was demonstrated. An exoelectrogenic reaction was initially extended with an H2-full atmosphere to enrich Ha-utilizing bacteria in a MEC bioanode. This bioanode was then inversely polarized with an applied voltage in a half-cell to enrich the hydrogen-evolving biocathode. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） kinetics of the biocathode MEC could be enhanced by increasing the bicarbonate buffer concentration from 0.05 mol·L-1 to 0.5 mol· L-1 and/or by decreasing the cathode potential from -0.9 V to - 1.3 V vs. a saturated calomel electrode （SCE）. Within the tested potential region in this study, the HER rate of the biocathode MEC was primarily influenced by the microbial catalytic capability. In addition, increasing bicarbonate concentration enhances the electric migration rate of proton carriers. As a consequence, more mass H＋ can be released to accelerate the biocathode-catalyzed HER rate. A hydrogen production rate of 8.44 m3. m 3. d1 with a current density of 951.6 A. m-3 was obtained using the biocathode MEC under a cathode potential of - 1.3 V vs. SCE and 0.4 mol· L-1 bicarbonate. This study provided information on the optimization of hydrogen production in biocathode MEC and expanded the practical applications thereof.     

碳基纳米铜复合材料对普通小球藻胁迫作用的研究

随着科技的飞速发展,纳米类材料在电化学、药物运输、生物传感器等领域中得到了广泛的应用,这导致了其通过各种途径进入水、土壤、大气等环境介质中,对生态环境安全造成潜在威胁。以水体中环境浓度的碳基纳米铜复合材料为受试浓度范围,以环境适应性和污染物耐受性均较强的普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)为对象,研究了水体中不同浓度碳基纳米铜复合材料对普通小球藻的细胞胁迫作用,使用分光光度法检测了0,0.05,0.5,5,50 mg·L^-1碳基纳米铜暴露条件下普通小球藻叶绿素a含量的变化。运用非靶向代谢组学(气相-质谱联用)检测法探究了不同浓度碳基纳米铜胁迫条件下第8天普通小球藻细胞内代谢物相对丰度变化、代谢通路及相关代谢组学特性的变化。结果表明,在培养周期的第8天,藻细胞叶绿素a含量随碳基纳米铜浓度的升高而降低,当碳基纳米铜达到50 mg·L^-1时,将严重抑制藻细胞叶绿素a的产生。代谢组学检测结果表明,当碳基纳米铜复合材料的浓度达到50 mg·L^-1时,藻细胞中与叶绿素合成密切相关的碳固定过程、氨基酸代谢过程均受到了严重抑制。这表明,高浓度碳基纳米铜会扰乱普通小球藻的细胞代谢并产生明显胁迫作用。文章旨在评估水体中碳基纳米铜复合材料对水体初级生产者普通小球藻的胁迫作用,以期为水体污染修复与藻细胞生态毒理学的研究提供一定的数据支持与参考。