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红山嘴油田于1990年投入注水开发,在注水开发过程中,由于注水水质不稳定、配伍性差,造成注水系统结垢严重,注水井井况恶化、检配合格率低,修井频繁。文章对稠油净化污水回注开展可行性评价研究和论证,实现了稠油净化污水回注红山嘴油田,对净化污水回注后储层伤害、腐蚀结垢趋势进行动态跟踪评价,确定了净化污水对注水指标的影响程度及影响因素。动态跟踪结果表明:净化污水回注后,红山嘴油田注水水质得到明显改善,消除了注水系统的结垢问题,储层伤害得到有效控制,实现外排污水合理利用,可节约油田清水用量73万m~3/a,减少环保压力,为稠油净化污水回注技术储备和示范奠定良好基础。 相似文献
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气田采出水的水量小、含盐量高,回注通常是更适合的环境处置方案。回注的主要环境风险是井筒内腐蚀造成泄漏后的土壤、地下水污染。文章在分析气田采出水水量、水质和污染特征的基础上,综述了回注处置井的目标构造选择方法,提出地下水污染最关键控制参数是注水静水压力低于"可利用地下水"的低水位(高度)以保证下方注入水不会上侵,回注处置目的层必须位于可能的饮用水源之下并有可靠的隔离层;提出井筒必须具有连续完整性,以保持注水构造与可能饮用水源的隔离;同时提出相应的检测/运行管理需求和控制措施,即可采用模型预测、检测、试验等方法分析采出水的腐蚀、结垢特性,通过投加适当的缓蚀剂、阻垢剂、杀菌剂等措施控制井筒腐蚀/结垢,为气田采出水回注环境风险控制提供参考。 相似文献
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吉林油田X区块腐蚀结垢严重,造成的环境污染及安全生产隐患越来越突出。文章以X区块为研究对象,通过常规水质测定、高温高压釜失重法、气相色谱、XRD衍射分析等方法研究了矿化度、SRB细菌、CO2分压等腐蚀因素对区块注采系统腐蚀的影响。结果表明在X区块工况条件下,空白水样腐蚀速率达到0.3854mm/a,注水系统以CO2和SRB细菌腐蚀为主,油井以CO2腐蚀为主,SRB腐蚀为辅。以此为基础研发了抗CO2缓蚀杀菌剂体系,同时开展了涂层防腐工艺的试验,矿场监测数据表明注采系统腐蚀速率控制在0.076mm/a以内,失效漏失次数降低40%以上,减轻了环境污染,保障了老油田的安全高效生产。 相似文献
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含油污水必须经过处理达到油田注水水质控制指标才能回注,为尽快将油田污水处理合格后回注地层,吐哈油田先后采用重力式污水处理流程,以及现在的诱导浮选——全自动双德料过滤等方法进行了现场含油污水处理技术的实践,处理后水质达到低渗透油田回注标准,并实施了回注。概述了都善油田污水处理系统试运行及技术改造的实践过程及效果。 相似文献
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文南油田注水管线防污染清洗技术研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对文南油田注水管线内壁结垢对油田注水的危害,以及管线常规清洗中存在的环境污染和硫化氢中毒问题,进行了注水管线防污染清洗技术的研究。通过分析消除硫化氢的反应机理,配制了三种常规清洗剂和两组硫化氢抑制剂,并将清洗剂与抑制剂复配后进行脱垢实验,从而优选出最佳复配剂(MF-1-B),经过现场试验,排酸口空气中硫化氢浓度为3~5mg/m3。防污染清洗技术的开发应用使文南油田注水管网得到了及时、全面的清洗,水质达标率由清洗前的30%上升到100%。 相似文献
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西钢工业废水经过处理后,回用进入西钢循环冷却水系统时,必须考虑水质稳定问题.水质稳定包括结垢与腐蚀两个方面.回用水水质不稳定,会导致管路系统产生结垢、生物粘泥,从而降低输水能力等,或导致设备管道腐蚀穿孔,严重的会造成生产事故.因此对回用水进行水质稳定分析是十分必要的. 相似文献
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水平井体积压裂技术是致密油气藏高效开发的关键技术。为了合理地处理鄂尔多斯盆地长7采出水及避免油井水淹,通过对水质离子含量分析、失硫酸根率、结垢量和垢型的分析,研究了陕北油田长7和延10地层产出水的混合结垢性质,探索了上述混合水样回注延10地层的可行性,得出了可回注地层的长7与延10地层产出水最佳混合比例。结果表明:长7与延10地层水以8:2比例混合时,失硫酸根率与结垢量达到最高;混合水与延10地层水以9:1的比例混合时,失硫酸根率与结垢量为最低;经过絮凝处理的混合水悬浮物含量、含油量分别降至为1.0,2.50 mg/L,达到SY/T 5329—2012《碎屑岩油藏注水水质指标及分析方法》的要求。 相似文献
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城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
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Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
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泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
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Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
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阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
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