四川省二○○一年生态足迹分析

论文以四川省2002年统计年鉴的数据力依据，对四川省2001年的生态足迹进行了计算和分析，结果表明四川省2001年人均生态赤字为1．115hm^2。这反映出人类的生产、生活强度超过了生态系统的承载能力，此区域生态系统处于人类的过度开发利用和压力之下。     

云南民族文化旅游产业可持续发展评估研究以楚雄等8个少数民族自治州为例CSSCI

在介绍旅游生态足迹概念和计算方法的基础上,以2014年《云南省统计年鉴》数据为依据,对云南省楚雄等8个少数民族自治州2013年旅游生态足迹进行了计算和分析。结果表明,文山壮族自治州、怒江傈僳族自治州的旅游生态足迹为强盈余,西双版纳傣族自治州和迪庆藏族自治州的旅游生态足迹为弱盈余,其他4个少数民族自治州旅游生态足迹均为赤字。8个少数民族自治州平均旅游生态足迹达1725hm2,相对于整个云南省的万元GDP旅游生态足迹较高。该结果说明8个少数民族自治州的民族文化旅游相对发达,但人类生产生活的强度在一定程度上超过了旅游生态承载能力,由此可判断出云南省的旅游生态系统是一种不均衡状态。     

1999—2008年临沂市生态足迹分析

以《临沂统计年鉴》与临沂市国土资源局提供的数据为依据,计算分析了临沂市近10年来的生态足迹和生态承载力。研究结果表明,1999—2008年临沂市的平均生态足迹为2.4056hm2/cap,平均生态承载力为1.5828hm2/cap,平均赤字0.8228hm2/cap,生态处于不可持续发展状态。此外,临沂市万元GDP生态足迹值总体上呈下降趋势,表明临沂市资源利用效率的提高和经济增长方式的良性转变。     

葫芦岛市生态承载力研究

运用生态足迹的理论和计算方法和生态足迹指标对葫芦岛市生态承载力进行了研究。研究表明:2000年~2003年人均生态足迹达2.376 4 hm2,全市生态足迹达642.252 9×104hm2,人均生态承载力0.595 6 hm2,全市生态承载力160.914 7×104hm2,人均生态赤字1.780 8 hm2,全市生态足迹赤字高达481.338 2×104hm2。葫芦岛市生态系统处于人类过度开发利用和压力下,区域经济社会发展处于不可持续状态。生态足迹模型为研究生态环境的承载力提供了一种廉价而快速的计算框架,作为确定葫芦岛市生态承载力的方法与模式,简单、综合而且实用。     

沂蒙山区县域生态足迹时间序列分析——以山东省蒙阴县为例

以《临沂统计年鉴》与蒙阴县国土资源局提供的数据为依据,计算并分析了沂蒙山腹地县级区域——蒙阴县1999—2008年的生态足迹和生态承载力。研究结果表明,蒙阴县1999—2008年的平均生态足迹为2.0531hm2/cap、平均生态承载力为0.8949hm2/cap、平均赤字1.1572hm2/cap,生态处于不可持续发展状态。此外,蒙阴县万元GDP生态足迹值总体呈下降趋势,表明蒙阴县资源利用得到提高,经济增长方式向良性转变。     

1999-2008年临沂市生态足迹分析

以《临沂统计年鉴》与临沂市国土资源局提供的数据为依据，计算分析了临沂市近10年来的生态足迹和生态承载力。研究结果表明，1999-2008年临沂市的平均生态足迹为2．4056hm^2／cap，平均生态承载力为1．5828hm^2／cap，平均赤字0．8228hm^2／cap，生态处于不可持续发展状态。此外，临沂市万元GDP生态足迹值总体上呈下降趋势，表明临沂市资源利用效率的提高和经济增长方式的良性转变。     

上海市2003年生态足迹计算与分析

本文应用Wackernagel等提出的生态足迹概念和方法对上海区2003年的生态足迹和承载力进行计算和分析。结果表明,2003年上海市人均生态足迹为3．36hm^2,人均生态承载力为0．46hm^2。在此基础上提出了减缓上海市生态赤字的一系列措施,最后对模型的完善作出了展望。     

基于生态足迹的石家庄市生态承载力评价

以石家庄市为例,运用生态足迹模型,对1996—2006年间的生态足迹、生态承载力、生态赤字等进行了测算与纵向对比分析,并与国内外其他地区进行横向对比分析。结果表明,石家庄市人均生态承载力由1996年的0.3616hm2/人下降到2006年的0.3227hm2/人,而同期的人均生态足迹从2.4893hm2/人增加到4.690hm2/人,生态足迹和生态赤字水平远超过国内大部分地区的平均水平,呈逐年递增的趋势,反映出石家庄市的土地生态系统安全性不高。     

基于生态足迹的新疆可持续发展评价

生态足迹是分析国家或地区自然资源可持续利用的重要指标.利用FAO数据、新疆统计年鉴等自然资源生产与消费数据、人口数据,采用可变世界单产法计算了2000-2009年新疆生态足迹.结果表明:从2000-2009年间,新疆的人均生态足迹显著上升,生态赤字有逐渐加大的趋势.生态协调系数DS显示,新疆的资源利用超出生态环境的承载范围,其发展模式是不可持续的.     

芜湖市2003年生态足迹研究

生态足迹是近年来较为流行的定量测定人类对自然利用程度的新方法.利用生态足迹计算方法对芜湖市2003年的生态足迹进行了实证计算与分析,计算结果显示芜湖市2003年人均生态赤字为1.65hm2,表明其发展处于不可持续状态.针对目前的状况提出了芜湖市可持续发展的对策和建议.     

打造中国第一生态桃园--成都市龙泉驿区生态农业旅游开发构想

根据龙泉驿区生态农业旅游开发的有利条件,提出了打造"中国第一生态桃园"的构思--生态旅游开发思路、主题定位、旅游产品设计等.最后,提出该区生态农业旅游的开发对策与措施.     

深圳市南山区碳平衡测算研究

运用《省级温室气体清单编制指南》、《IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》和相关文献推荐方法,利用南山区能源消费数据、工业产品量、废弃物处理量、森林面积和海洋面积等基础数据,对南山区能源利用过程、工业生产过程和产品使用、废弃物处理等3大类碳源温室气体排放量以及区域森林(包括湿地)、城市绿地和海域等3大类碳汇储存量进行了测算,计算表明南山区年碳排放总量达到756.17万t,该测算为南山区未来区域碳减排提供基础数据依据。     

成都市可持续发展测度与分析

生态足迹是一种定量测量人类对自然利用程度的方法，已经被广泛应用于定量测度区域或城市的可持续发展。成都地处我国西部，是西部大开发的战略高地和“桥头堡”，对西部地区的发展起着示范、先导、辐射和带动作用。采用生态足迹理论和计算模型对成都市各类土地面积进行量化，具体计算出成都市的生态承载力、供需结构。计算结果表明，2003年其人均生态足迹超过了它的人均生态承载力，生态经济系统存在生态赤字，必须采取措施提高生态承载力，减少生态压力，探讨可持续发展的道路。     

城市边缘旅游新区的开发模式--以西安曲江新区为例

作为城市边缘的旅游新区开发,既是城市化发展的需要,也是提升区域旅游业竞争力的要求.开发旅游新区,整合区域旅游资源,打造旅游特色,已成为各个区域旅游业发展的必然选择.以西安曲江旅游新区的开发为例证,从新区功能定位、空间组织以及旅游特色塑造等方面阐释了城市新区的开发模式,即功能定位的"三维视角","主-次中心组团式"的空间组织模式以及旅游产品开发的"三优模式",可为其它城市边缘旅游新区的开发提供可资借鉴的典型案例.     

Integrating Landscape Ecology and Geoinformatics to Decipher Landscape Dynamics for Regional Planning

We used remote sensing and GIS in conjunction with multivariate statistical methods to: (i) quantify landscape composition (land cover types) and configuration (patch density, diversity, fractal dimension, contagion) for five coastal watersheds of Kalloni gulf, Lesvos Island, Greece, in 1945, 1960, 1971, 1990 and 2002/2003, (ii) evaluate the relative importance of physical (slope, geologic substrate, stream order) and human (road network, population density) variables on landscape composition and configuration, and (iii) characterize processes that led to land cover changes through land cover transitions between these five successive periods in time. Distributions of land cover types did not differ among the five time periods at the five watersheds studied because the largest cumulative changes between 1945 and 2002/2003 did not take place at dominant land cover types. Landscape composition related primarily to the physical attributes of the landscape. Nevertheless, increase in population density and the road network were found to increase heterogeneity of the landscape mosaic (patchiness), complexity of patch shape (fractal dimension), and patch disaggregation (contagion). Increase in road network was also found to increase landscape diversity due to the creation of new patches. The main processes involved in land cover changes were plough-land abandonment and ecological succession. Landscape dynamics during the last 50 years corroborate the ecotouristic-agrotouristic model for regional development to reverse trends in agricultural land abandonment and human population decline and when combined with hypothetical regulatory approaches could predict how this landscape could develop in the future, thus, providing a valuable tool to regional planning.     

Between municipal and regional planning: the development of regional district heating systems in Stockholm from 1978 to 2010

District heating (DH) is an important part of the Swedish energy system and one of the most important climate measures at the municipal level. The Swedish planning system gives a large amount of power to municipalities, thus leaving the regional level weak. Despite this, the DH systems in Stockholm have developed into regional systems; how has this development occurred and what made it possible? Regional and municipal strategies concerning DH and energy from 1978 to 2010 have been studied through Regional plans and comprehensive plans. The conclusions show that the municipal DH systems have grown and become interconnected, thus fulfilling one of the most important regional strategies: to expand and interconnect the systems to be able to build combined heat and power plants. This is not entirely due to the regional strategies, however; the local importance of the system, economic reasons and supply security are other explanations. The study shows that regional importance generally has grown, and thus also the regional focus on DH. As environmental and climate issues have risen on the agenda, the importance of DH from the municipal perspective has become more evident, as well as a shift from supply orientation to more focus on energy efficiency.     

生态文明建设背景下绿色社区创建的思考——以杭州市西湖区为例

西湖区区级以上绿色社区50%的覆盖率与城镇化趋势和生态文明建设的高目标还不相适应。与省市绿色社区指标相比,区级指标倾向于公众参与和居民自治,建议从区域环境质量、节能减排、生态文化、"三产"等方面进行补充,并提出量化指标、设置否决指标、动态管理和复查退出机制、绿色示范工程、环境认证管理及碳汇林试点等对策。     

RATES,RIGHTS, AND REGIONAL PLANNING IN THE METROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA1

ABSTRACT: The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California has for more than 70 years shaped the development of an immense urban region. The district's current strategic planning process therefore could have substantial effects on regional water planning and management. The rate restructuring phase of the planning process has produced a multiple component, cost of service based framework. This paper describes that framework as well as some criticisms that have been directed toward it. The rate restructuring was shaped, and for a while stalled, by old disputes among member agencies over rights to water supplied by Metropolitan. That controversy has diverted attention from the resource management implications of the rate structure. This paper presents an alternative future focused approach to regional integrated water resource planning for Southern California based on projections of current trends and anticipation of future events. This discussion raises the question of how regional integrated water resources planning of this sort may proceed, and what role Metropolitan will play in that process.     

Optimization of regional economic and environmental systems under fuzzy and random uncertainties

Environmental problems associated with socio-economic development have been growing concerns faced by many regional and/or national authorities. However, effective planning may encounter difficulties since uncertainties existing in a number of impact factors and pollution-related processes are often not well acknowledged and reflected. This study advances an interval-fuzzy chance-constrained programming (IFCP) method for planning regional economic and environmental systems, where uncertainties presented as intervals, fuzzy sets and probability distributions can be tackled. The developed method is applied to a real-world case for economic and environmental planning in the New Binhai District in the Municipality of Tianjin, China. Two scenarios based on multiple environmental constraints are examined. The results can help identify desired alternatives for planning regional development strategies, where compromised schemes are provided under an integrated consideration of economic efficiency and environmental protection under multiple uncertainties.     

基于三生空间生态服务供给和需求的国土空间规划效益评价研究

国土空间规划是统筹区域资源空间配置、开发管理和布局优化的总体方案,在引领区域协调发展上具有重要意义。国土空间规划必然导致土地利用类型及布局的改变,从而引起经济、社会、生态环境等方面的供给与需求变化。本研究从三生空间耦合协调的角度,通过生态系统服务和人类福祉需求的供需关系,揭示三生空间的供需连接与耦合关系。本研究借助 InVEST模型和生态服务价值当量法对生态系统服务供给与需求进行定量分析,同时引入耦合协调度模型与相对发展度模型,通过对生态系统服务供需变化进行耦合协调类型分析,探究国土空间用地结构调整所产生的供需间的协调关系,并用耦合协调状况对国土空间规划效益进行评价。研究发现,在规划期内宜宾市翠屏区生态系统服务供需总体耦合协调度呈现减小态势。2020-2035年耦合协调度从 0.60降低到 0.59,相对发展度由 1.05减小至 1.01。生态系统服务总体供给盈余明显,但由于供需分布空间差异,城镇地区为主要的供给赤字区域。影响生态系统服务需求的主要因素为环境净化需求,城市化指标对生态系统服务供需相对发展度具有较为普遍的负面影响。