略论市场经济条件下职业安全卫生中介组织的作用及动作模式

分析了在市场经济条件下，由于政府转变职能，企业转换机制，安全管理面临的四个不相适应，解决办法就是大力按市场经济规律运作的职业安全卫生中介组织，并初步探讨了这种中介组织的基本功能、特征及运作方式。     

安全生产中介组织建设与发展

社会主义市场经济体制要求政府职能转变成适合市场经济体制要求的功能，随着产权多元化、企业自主经营为基本内容的经济体制改革促使企业和政府所分离出来的大量社会事务，需要大量的专业人力、物力资源，特殊的运行机制去配置，有大量的工作需要有执行特定社会职能的组织去从事；要实现这一领域里活动的有序进行，需要特定的体制和机制去协调。因此，如何根据社会中介组织的特征把握发展方向，如何对社会中介组织功能进行科学定位，本文进行了论述和研究探索。根据社会中介组织功能定位，发挥其在政府和生产经营单位之间的联结纽带和桥梁的作用。通过研究当前安全生产中介发展过程中存在的现实问题和薄弱环节入手，探寻安全中介技术服务工作的切入点以及有利于安全生产的工作方式和手段，积极推进我国安全生产形势的稳步好转。     

社会主义市场经济条件下我国劳动安全卫生策略研究（5）：我国…

分析我国劳动安全卫生监察仍处在原始阶段，名不符实，急需加强改革，检讨目前我国监察运作现状及体制，认为它已无法适应市场经济形势。     

路

必须按照社会主义市场经济的要求 ,大力培育、发展安全生产检测检验、技术咨询服务等中介组织 ,大力培训、发展劳动保护产业。这既是政府安全生产监察的技术依托和技术支持 ,也是广大企业 ,特别是数以万计的中小企业的需要。     

社会主义市场经济条件下我国劳动安全卫生策略研究（5）──我国劳动安全卫生监察现状分析

分析我国劳动安全卫生监察仍处在原始阶段，名不符安，急需加强改革；检讨目前我国监察运作现状及体制，认为它已无法适应市场经济形势。     

浅谈利用社会资源完善消防安全管理服务功能

发展消防中介组织是社会化消防工作发展的需要,本人从当前消防中介组织发展现状分析,结合工作实际就发展消防中介组织提出意见和建议,以供参考。     

改革安全管理体制与加强综合管理

论述在市场经济新形势下，改革政府安全管理体制的必要性、目标及模式。提出实行安全综合部门依法统一管理，改变多头管理的组织模式；实行以法制手段管理企业安全生产的运作制度，改变以行政隶属关系为主要依托的运作模式。为此必须注意凋整综合管理与行业指导、综合管理与国家监察、劳动安全综合管理与各类安全综合管理的关系，改进安全生产管理体制。     

发挥安全中介组织的作用

政府应积极支持、大力培育发展安全中介组织 ,为企业安全生产服务。将政府的有关职能转移到中介组织 ,有利于政府机构改革 ,提高政府的工作效率 ,这既是政府安全生产监察的技术依托和支持 ,也是广大企业的实际需要。安全中介组织要依法注册成立 ,并遵守有关规定 ,从业人员应经过专业培训、考核 ,取得从业的资格证书。安全中介组织可以在如下领域发挥作用 :　　组织开展安全教育　中介组织可以为企业提供各种安全教育教材、音像制品 ,制作安全宣传标语与宣传画。同时也可以对企业领导、技安人员、特种作业人员等进行培训、考核 ,为政府核发合…     

发挥安全中介组织的作用

政府应积极支持 ,大力培育发展安全中介组织 ,为企业安全生产服务。将政府的有关职能转移到中介组织 ,有利于政府机构改革 ,提高政府的工作效率 ,这既是政府安全生产监察的技术依托和支持 ,也是广大企业的实际需要。安全中介组织要依法注册成立 ,并遵守有关规定 ,从业人员应经过专业培训、考核 ,取得从业的资格证书。安全中介组织可以在如下领域发挥作用 :组织开展安全教育中介组织可以为企业提供各种安全教育教材、音像制品 ,制作安全宣传标语与宣传画。同时也可以对企业领导、技安人员、特种作业人员等进行培训、考核 ,为政府核发合格（资…     

浅谈消防中介组织的培育、发展及规范

消防中介组织是消防行政部门与企业、企业与市场、市场与企业之间,发挥服务、沟通、协调、公正、监督等作用的社会组织。它是社会利益关系日趋多元化和复杂化要求的产物,其本身在消防行政部门和市场之间起到联结纽带和桥梁的作用。近几年国家不断改革消防管理制度,把消防工作推向全社会,大力发展社会的消防中介组织是大势所趋,建立和发展社会消防中介组织是当前顺应消防工作社会化发展的迫切任务。笔者作为一名普通的消防监督工作者,一直高度关注消防中介组织的发展,并就此机会谈一点初步认识和想法。     

组织错误研究中存在问题的思考

组织错误研究是人误研究的新方向.在综述组织错误理论研究现状的基础上,论述了组织错误分析在理论和应用方面面临的4大问题,即:组织错误的定义及特征界定存在的问题,组织错误分类标准和方法存在的问题,组织错误的形成及演变机理以及组织错误评价、预测的技术方法,讨论了组织错误理论的发展趋势.     

Assessing the maintenance unit of a nuclear power plant – identifying the cultural conceptions concerning the maintenance work and the maintenance organization

Various organizational accidents have indicated that the shared interpretations and experiences of the personnel concerning the work, the organization, and the associated risks are of crucial importance for the safety and effectiveness of the operations. These conceptions are an element of the organizational culture. The cultural conceptions should thus be studied and their contribution to the organizational safety and effectiveness should be assessed proactively. Nevertheless, organizational assessments often focus on either the general safety attitudes and/or values of the personnel, or formal organizational structures and the official practices. In this article a case study is reported that was carried out in a Nordic nuclear power plant maintenance unit. We will illustrate how the employees in the organization construct their work, their organization and the demands of the maintenance task. We focus on explicating and assessing the cultural conceptions prevalent in the maintenance organization. Our aim is to illustrate how the cultural conceptions and organizational practices, tools and the organizing of the work and the organizational climate influence each other, and how they relate to the demands of the maintenance work. The principal methods utilized in the case study were organizational culture questionnaire (CULTURE), semi-structured interviews, group working, and personnel development seminars.     

Assessment of complex sociotechnical systems – Theoretical issues concerning the use of organizational culture and organizational core task concepts

This article studies organizational assessment in complex sociotechnical systems. There is a practical need to monitor, anticipate and manage the safety and effectiveness of these systems. A failure to do so has resulted in various organizational accidents. Many theories of accidents and safety in industrial organizations are either based on a static and rational model of an organization or they are non-contextual. They are thus reactive in their search for errors and analysis of previous accidents and incidents, or they are disconnected from the actual work in the organization by their focus on general safety attitudes and values. A more proactive and predictive approach is needed, that is based on an accurate view on an organization and the demands of the work in question. This article presents and elaborates four statements: (1) the current models of safety management are largely based on either a rational or a non-contextual image of an organization, (2) complex sociotechnical systems are socially constructed and dynamic cultures, (3) in order to be able to assess complex sociotechnical systems an understanding of the organizational core task is required, and (4) effectiveness and safety depend on the cultural conceptions of the organizational core task. Finally, we will discuss the implications of the proposed concepts for safety research and development work in complex sociotechnical systems.     

Multiple organizational identification levels and the impact of perceived external prestige and communication climate

Earlier studies have shown that perceived external prestige and communication climate influence organizational identification. In this paper we present the results of a study of the influence of communication climate and perceived external prestige on organizational identification at various organizational levels of a regional police organization. In total, 314 respondents filled out a questionnaire on communication climate, perceived external prestige and organizational identification. The results of this study show that communication climate has the strongest link with employee identification when it concerns the identification with the daily work group and a weaker one with the organization as a whole. It also appears that perceived external prestige has a stronger influence on the identification with the organization as a whole than on the identification at the more concrete organizational levels (such as department or work group). This research offers reasons to presuppose that organizational identification and communication climate are multiple constructs. If management wishes to influence organizational identification through a bottom‐up process, it is wise to pay particular attention to the communication climate in the work groups. Influencing organizational identification with the organization as a whole is better conducted through perceived external prestige. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

事故的组织管理原因文献综述

组织管理原因是一类重要的事故致因,对其全面了解才能有效预防事故。就组织管理原因对事故的作用机理、定义与内容、事故分析对其研究的现状进行文献综述。通过文献梳理发现,在一维链式事故模型和系统论为基础的事故模型中,组织管理原因对事故作用机理不同,但对事故发生都具有重要作用。现阶段研究中,组织管理原因没有统一的定义和内容,但具有的区别于其他事故致因的特性能得到共识。现阶段常见的事故分析模型对组织管理原因进行定量和定性分析,但仍需继续完善。最后,对组织管理原因的研究方向提出展望。     

Effects of application blanks and employment equity on applicant reactions and job pursuit intentions

In the present study, 136 undergraduate commerce students participated in a simulation of the job application process by completing one of two application blanks (discriminatory versus non-discriminatory), that did or did not include a statement about the organization's commitment to employment equity. The results indicated that subjects who completed the application blank without the discriminatory questions had significantly more positive reactions of organization attractiveness, job application success, motivation to pursue employment with the organization, job acceptance intention, fairness of the organization's treatment of its employees, and likelihood of recommending the organization to friends in comparison to subjects who completed the application blank with discriminatory questions. In addition, subjects who believed the organization had an employment equity program were more positive about their motivation to pursue employment with the organization, job acceptance intention, the fairness of the organization's treatment of its employees, and the likelihood of recommending the organization to friends. The research and practical implications of these findings for recruitment and selection are discussed.     

企业分形安全组织结构的构建方法与模型优化

企业安全组织结构的调整与优化有利于规范责权关系、明确安全部门的功能定位、优化安全资源配置、提升安全管理水平。在分析我国企业安全组织结构的发展动态以及论证企业安全组织结构具有分形特征的基础上,研究企业分形安全组织结构、相似维数、安全绩效3者间的关系,并利用多属性决策确定最佳的企业分形安全组织结构模式,进而提出企业分形安全组织结构优化的一般步骤和优化模型。结果表明,该模型能够根据安全战略的调整重新确定影响因素,使企业安全组织结构能够根据安全战略的调整而灵活变化。     

如何克服锅炉安装施工设计编制中意识上的误区

阐明了锅炉安装施工组织设计的作用、重要性、编制依据及质量控制与管理体制的建立中存在意识上的误区，拾遗补缺，明确编制要领。     

事故风险控制中的组织管理措施研究

阐述事故风险控制中组织管理措施的内涵与作用机制,并分析实践中由组织管理措施缺失而导致的典型事故案例。指出组织管理措施有助于提升个体的行为安全水平、加强工程技术措施的有效性,以及促进企业安全目标的实现,进而达到降低企业事故风险的目的。在实践中,应将组织管理措施与工程技术措施、行为安全措施紧密结合,相互补充,共同实现控制事故风险的目的。     

组织安全文化的动力初探——行为基础安全

80%以上的事故都是由不安全行为引发的,提高人的安全行为将会大大提高安全的业绩.从安全文化的概念出发,通过讨论几种典型的安全文化模式得出安全文化的3个基本要素:组织因素、个人因素、行为因素.随着现代科技进步和组织管理体系的不断完善,个人和行为因素越发凸现.通过对行为基础安全方法的阐述和分析,概括出了行为基础安全促进安全文化的原因.行为基础安全的引进和实施将会大大提高组织的业绩和安全文化.