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江苏省企业环境绩效评估方法及指标体系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
环境绩效评估,是一种开放而有效的环境管理工具。文中首先阐述了环境绩效评估的相关概念;然后就环境绩效评估的步骤和程序进行了介绍;并借鉴国内外现有成果,建立了由环境守法指标、环境管理指标、先进性指标和生命周期环境影响指标等主要指标构成的企业环境绩效指标体系;进而探讨了国外的经验对本省开展环境绩效评估的启示,以促进本省环境绩效评估的开展。 相似文献
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次级河流水污染事件应急处置程序及环境损害评估技术路线 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年来,随着我国经济的发展,次级河流突发性水污染事件频繁发生,对生态环境及居民生活造成了严重的影响。次级河流突发性水污染事件发生后,为减少污染造成的损失和影响,保证受损的环境资源得到恢复和补偿,不仅要立即采取行之有效的应急处置措施,而且应当积极开展环境损害鉴定评估工作,全面追究污染者的环境责任。根据次级河流本身的特点,结合各省市在环境应急处置过程中的具体做法,建立了一套应对突发性次级河流水污染事件的应急处置工作程序;阐述了环境损害鉴定评估的必要性、工作方法和技术路线,同时从受损环境资源的确认、污染源和污染物的识别以及暴露途径的建立3个方面构建了开展次级河流突发性水污染事件环境损害鉴定评估工作的因果关系链条,对实际开展相关工作具有重要意义。 相似文献
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环境保护是我国一项基本国策,是一项全民事业。只有公众的广泛参与,才能实现保护和改善环境的目的。因此,我国非常重视组织广大公众参与环境管理和环境建设。1我国关于公众参与环境管理的法律规定为了保证广大人民群众参与环境管理,我国的有关法律作了明确的规定。根据《宪法》规定,人民有权依照法律规定,通过各种途径和形式管理环境保护事务,并对国家机关的环境保护工作进行监督,对其违法失职行为进行检举或者提出申诉、控告。《中华人民共和国环境保护法》第六条规定:“一切单位和个人都有保护环境的义务,并有权对污染和破坏环… 相似文献
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废物交换——废物资源化的新方法 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
在介绍废物交换产生背景的同时,对废物交换市场各要素进行分析,阐述了废物交换的类型和模式,以信息交换为例研究了废物交换各环节,并设计了废物交换工作的评估指标。 相似文献
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通过对环境影响评价从业人员的问卷调查分析,从战略环境评价(SEA)开展情况、开展过程、实施效果以及有效性4个方面,构建了包含开展领域、理论研究、介入时间、技术方法、替代方案、公众参与、审查小组、SEA对规划作用、SEA采纳情况和影响SEA有效性因素10个指标的评估体系,评估了中国SEA工作实际开展情况以及影响SEA有效性的关键因素.调查结果表明,中国SEA在理论研究和实践中积累了大量的经验,未来SEA的发展越来越依赖于SEA背景因素,如法制背景、决策过程和部门间的信息共享等因素. 相似文献
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论中国环境影响评价中公众参与的一般模式 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
公众参与在环境影响评价中的作用是不可替代的,并成为各国环评的基本内容.环评中公众参与的一般模式包括公众享有环境知情权和参与决策权、合适的公众参与的主体范围、明确的公众参与环评的程序和方法以及公众参与环评的保障机制.为更好地发挥环评的作用,应当从实体和程序两方面对法规加以完善.还应在信息公开、立法的完善和配套制度的建立等方面完善环评中的公众参与制度. 相似文献
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环境监测在环境影响评价中的作用分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在新时期,环境保护工作的发展面临着新的机遇和挑战。环境监测贯穿于整个环境影响评价体系之中,即环境影响评价中的评价初期、建设期、运行期以及后评价期,均需环境监测数据来支撑,因此,环境监测是环境影响评价的技术基础,同时还具有较强的监督功能。 相似文献
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Thomas Höfer 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1999,6(2):107-114
This report gives an inside view on discussions held at the headquarters of the International Maritime Organization, the United Nations agency concerned with maritime safety and the prevention of pollution from ships. Marine environmental protection regulations and their historical development are presented and discussed. The regulative measures that have been taken under the responsibility of this organization during the last decades to reduce accidental and operational discharge from tankships have achieved success although the marine environment is still suffering. Those standards which will come into force will further reduce the risks of accidental pollution. The report summarizes aspects beyond issues of environmental science which have to be analysed in order to reduce the impact of tankships on the marine environment. The report ends with the thesis that safer ships and improved occupational conditions on board are prerequisites for cleaner seas. 相似文献
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区域规划环境影响跟踪评价的理论研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
随着环境影响评价制度的深入实施,其实施领域已由项目环评向区域环评和规划环评转变,评价内容也由广泛实施的预测评价向后评价和跟踪评价转变。然而,对于区域规划环评的评价层次、评价程序和评价内容,目前还没有明晰的认识;同时,对于促进规划环评有效实施的跟踪评价,其相关的理论和实践研究几乎没有。文中就此问题作了深入探讨。 相似文献
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阐述了移动通信GSM网络与3G网络共站址的情况下对环境的影响,并提出了影响预测模式,计算了某通信公司移动通信典型基站对周围环境电磁辐射的影响,确定了对敏感目标的保护距离,并进行了实测以对保护距离进行验证。 相似文献
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The author describes present environmental conditions in Azerbaijan in relation to the Soviet legacy and measures taken since independence. Environmental projects have been financed largely by international organizations and foreign companies. The most serious problems are contaminants in the Caspian Sea; air, water, and soil pollution in Sumgait; illegal fishing; poor quality of drinking water; cutting of forests for fuel and pasture; overgrazing; and soil erosion and salinization. Progress in developing an environmental conscience, necessary for sustained protection of the environment, will depend most importantly on environmental education, growth of democratic institutions and attitudes that encourage both governmental and citizen responsibility for the environment, and economic development that produces a substantial middle class. Positive advances include a Constitution and laws that require protection of the environment, and individuals who speak out for environmental care. Negative factors include poverty and the present government's low priority for environmental protection. 相似文献
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从所选的40条公路的竣工环境保护验收报告入手,对公路建成后与环境影响评价阶段噪声敏感点的数量变化、噪声实测值与环评预测值的差异、实际的噪声防治措施与环评确定措施的差异进行了对比分析.结果表明,以上3个方面在公路建成后与环评阶段均存在较大变化,公路噪声环境影响评价的有效性亟待提高.造成这一状况的主要原因包括项目投资机制、运营期相关条件变化等.通过分析,提出了实现全过程的环境影响评价与管理、提高预测的准确性及增强防噪措施的可操作性等促进环评有效性的相关对策建议. 相似文献
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Lina Mtwana Nordlund Maricela de la Torre-Castro Johan Erlandsson Chantal Conand Nyawira Muthiga Narriman Jiddawi Martin Gullstr?m 《Ambio》2014,43(8):1006-1019
This expert opinion study examined the current status of the intertidal zone in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and ranked and discussed future management approaches. Information was gathered from scientists, practitioners, and managers active in the WIO region through a questionnaire and a workshop. The experts stated that the productive intertidal environment is highly valuable for reasons such as recreation, erosion protection, and provision of edible invertebrates and fish. Several anthropogenic pressures were identified, including pollution, harbor activities, overexploitation, and climate change. The experts considered the WIO intertidal zone as generally understudied, undermanaged, and with poor or no monitoring. The most important management strategies according to the expert opinions are to develop and involve local people in integrated coastal zone management (ICZM), to increase knowledge on species–environment relationships, and to develop awareness campaigns and education programs. To improve coastal environmental management and conservation, we argue that the intertidal zone should be treated as one organizational management unit within the larger framework of ICZM.