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在遏制主要持久性有机污染物排放的国际措施实施之后,某些持久性有机污染物(POPS)的环境浓度在陆域的局部或区域尺度内已得到降低.主要的大气排放下降可能会导致如土壤和海洋(或第二源强)等的环境受体中污染物 相似文献
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由于持久性有机污染物自身的特性以及管理制度的局限性,目前在POPs风险管理的过程中出现了不少困难.本文从对传统的持久性有机污染物风险管理的内容和遇到的困难出发,探讨了在预警原则下持久性有机污染物风险管理的意义与作用,并进一步分析了预警原则下持久性有机污染物风险管理还须解决的问题. 相似文献
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对抚顺市二噁英类持久性有机污染物污染状况进行深入调查,进一步明确污染源和排放情况. 相似文献
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二恶英等持久性有机污染物(POPs)以及铅汞等重金属类持久性毒物(PTS)是电子废弃物处理处置过程中的主要污染源和环境监管重点。结合联合国开发计划署下达的"通过环境无害化管理减少电子电器产品的生命周期内持久性有机污染物和持久性有毒化学品排放全额示范项目"的研究进展,对电子废弃物和PTS、电子废弃物处理处置过程中POPs的减控、江苏省废弃电器电子产品拆解管理等进行了综合评述。废线路板粉末等拆解余物中存在以多氯代二苯并二恶英(PCDDs)为主的POPs,且含量较高。我国废弃电器电子产品的处理处置产业仍存在着政策法规配套性不强、回收体系不健全、处置能力不足等问题,建议进一步加强废弃电器电子产品处理处置的区域法规体系、回收体系、示范工程和技术标准体系建设。 相似文献
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环糊精在土壤有机污染物治理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
综述了环糊精及其衍生物在土壤弱极性有机物治理中的应用和原理。环糊精可与土壤中弱极性有机污染物形成主客包合物,从而增加其水溶性促进其从土壤中解吸去除;能够同时去除金属离子;能够改变有机污染物理化性质促进其光解;可降低有机污染物毒性促进其微生物降解。 相似文献
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Contamination by persistent toxic substances in surface sediment of urban rivers in Chaohu City, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The concentration and spatial distribution of persistent toxic substances (PTS) in the river sediment in Chaohu City, China were investigated. A total of nine surface sediments were collected and the selected PTS pollutants including six heavy metals and nineteen polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed. The mean heavy metal concentrations (in mg/kg, dry weight) ranged within 0.18-1.53 (Hg), 50.08-200.18 (Cu), 118.70-313.65 (Zn), 50.77-310.85 (Cr), 37.12-92.72 (Pb) and 13.29-197.24 (As), and Cu, Zn and As have been regarded as the main metal pollutants. The levels of PBDEs (1.2-12.1 ng/g) and BDE-209 (2.4-30.5 ng/g) were at the middle level of the global range. BDE-209 was the predominant congener (67.0%-85.7%), which agrees with the fact that technical deca-BDE mixtures are the dominant PBDE formulation in China. The relative high level of PTS pollutants in the western part of the city is probably owing to the intensive agricultural activities and lack of sewerage system there. The ecological risk assessment with the sediment quality guidelines (SOGs) indicates that the urban river sediments in the city have been heavily contaminated by heavy metals with probable ecotoxicological impacts on freshwater organisms and the main toxic pollutants are Hg and As. The results of current study imply that the city, and perhaps many other small cities in China as well, requires immediate pollution control measures with emphasis on not only conventional organic pollutants but also on PTS such as heavy metals and PBDEs. 相似文献
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李家玲 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2012,(1):58-59,65
细河污泥含重金属和复杂有机污染物,填埋处理后产生的渗滤液会含一定量污染物质,对渗滤液的污染水平和污染特征进行了研究,对处理方法进行了比较和筛选,从而为渗滤液的最终无害化处理提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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Among the numerous health conditions environmental pollutants can cause, chronic exposure to pollutants including persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals has been shown to disturb a specific biological homeostatic process, the iron metabolism in human body. Disorders of iron metabolism are among the common diseases of humans and encompass a broad spectrum of diseases with different clinical manifestations, ranging from anemia to iron overload, and possibly to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Hepcidin–ferroportin (FPN) signaling is one of the key mechanisms responsible for iron supply, utilization, recycling, and storage, and recent studies demonstrated that exposure to environmental pollutants including POPs and heavy metals could lead to disruption of the hepcidin–FPN axis along with disordered systemic iron homeostasis and diseases. This article introduces and highlights the accompanying review article by Drs. Xu and Liu in this journal, which elaborates in detail the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on iron metabolism, and the mechanisms responsible for these toxicological outcomes. It also points out the knowledge gaps still existing in this subject matter. Research that will fill these gaps will improve our understanding of the issue and provide useful information to prevent or treat diseases induced by environmental pollutants. 相似文献
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持久性有机污染物对人类及环境的危害 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
持久性有机污染物作为工业化的伴生物,对人类生存繁衍和可持续发展构成重大威胁,并对环境造成难以修复的破坏.对持久性有机污染物的结构、特性及其对人类和环境的危害进行了论述. 相似文献
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多氯联苯在多介质环境中的污染状况 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
多氯联苯(PCBs)是一类持久性有机污染物,在环境中广泛存在。综述了国内外对多氯联苯在水、大气、土壤、底泥等环境介质中污染状况的研究进展。 相似文献
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我国工业废水重金属排放的等标负荷特征分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合全国第一次污染源普查数据,利用等标污染负荷的方法,从污染物类别、空间分布、行业排放、耦合特征4个方面,分析了2007年全国工业污染源废水重金属污染物的排放特征。结果表明,等标负荷大小排序依次为总铬,砷,镉,铅,汞,等标负荷法较总量统计方法更能科学反映我国现阶段工业废水重金属排放特征;2007年重金属等标负荷和单位增加值等标负荷排序结果不完全相同,两者最大的省区分别是广东省和湖南省,最大的行业均是金属制品业。我国应将广东、湖南、浙江等八大重点省区,金属制品、有色冶炼等四大主要防控行业,总铬、砷、镉3类主要污染物作为废水重金属污染物减排的重点;尤其应将广东省金属制品业总铬排放,湖南省有色冶炼业镉、砷和铅排放及浙江省皮革制品业总铬排放作为重中之重。 相似文献