探索构建政府、市场和媒体三方共治的环境监管模式

政府在环境监管中发挥着无可替代的重要作用,但受行政资源约束等因素影响,监管能力存在局限性,亟需探索建立新的环境监管模式,保障环保事业的长期健康发展。文章认为应探索建立起政府、市场与媒体三方共同监督、协同治理的长效机制,对环境问题进行全程有效监管。建议政府应始终作为环境监管的中流砥柱,不断完善治理能力和体系的作用;市场需充分发挥激励机制,成为环境监管的价值准绳;媒体应有效发挥舆论监督作用,成为环境监管的良知之网。     

生态梅州:世界客都的新时代选择

他们的祖辈世代居住在中原腹地,作为东方民系他们对世界文明做出了杰出贡献,他们的祖先几经迁徙最终定居在南方这片山地,他们就是有"中国犹太人"之称的"客家人".被喻为世界客都的梅州,就是这样一个神奇的地方,这里不仅有体现"天人合一"思想的客家围龙屋,还有著名的客家山歌……当悠扬的山歌带着《诗经》遗风飘进耳朵时,梅州的青山绿水便近在眼前了.     

Avoidance of nonhost plants by a bark beetle, Pityogenes bidentatus, in a forest of odors

The bark beetle, Pityogenes bidentatus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), searches in mixed conifer and deciduous forests of northern Europe for suitable branches of its host, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). We tested whether odors from several diverse nonhost trees and plants common in the habitat (e.g., mountain ash, Sorbus aucuparia; oak, Quercus robur; alder buckthorn, Frangula alnus; blueberry, Vaccinium myrtillus; raspberry, Rubus idaeus; and grass, Deschampsia flexuosa) would reduce the attraction of the bark beetle to traps releasing its aggregation pheromone components in the field. Volatiles from the leaves or bark of each of these plants significantly reduced the attraction of the beetles to their pheromone. Odors collected from these nonhosts and analyzed by GC/MS contained monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and green-leaf alcohols, several of which (e.g., 1-octene-3-ol and -caryophyllene) reduced the attraction to pheromone in the field and elicited electroantennographic responses. In the laboratory, reproduction by the beetle was marginal in nonhost Norway spruce, Picea abies, and was absent in the other nonhost trees. Olfactory avoidance of unsuitable nonhosts may have evolved due to advantages in avoiding mistakes during host selection.     

Prenatal diagnosis of a 46,XX/47,XX, +12 mosaic

A case of true mosaicism 46,XX/47,XX,+ 12 was diagnosed prenatally. The pregnancy was terminated in the 21st week of gestation and the aberrant cell line was rediscovered in cultured fetal tissue. However, a detailed examination of the fetus did not disclose any significant physical malformation.     

冰岛座落在火山上的国家

<正>冰岛对于很多中国人来说,是个十分陌生的国家。只是在不久前,世界性金融危机的突然降临,才让我们的目光一下子集中到这一濒临"破产"的国家。如果问,冰岛气候有什么特点?很多人可能会想当然地认为:那里一定冰天雪地寒冷难耐,     

环保,那是“比”须的——百威英博开展创意蓄须活动

2012年是第41个世界环境日,而今年中国的主题定为"绿色消费,你行动了吗?"为响应其绿色消费理念,唤起公众转变消费观念和行为,节约资源能源,保护生态环境,全球领先的啤酒酿造商百威英博全面推广环保蓄须活动,喊出"环保,那是比须的"口号,不但在中国开展     

海珠:打造滨水型生态城区

广州市创建国家环保模范城市的工作已进入攻坚阶段，广州辖各区创模进展情况如何，将直接关系到全市创模的整体推近日，本刊记者就海珠区的创模工作采访了海珠区环境保护可尧局长。     

Post-mortem findings in a fetus with 48,XXY, + 21

A fetus with 48,XXY, + 21 was detected on routine amniocentesis at 15 weeks for advanced maternal age. Fibroblast cultures from six different tissues were initiated after termination and each showed the same karyotype without any tissue limited mosaicism. The only pheno-typic abnormality detected at post-mortem examination was bilateral clinodactyly of the fifth finger which had been detected on ultrasound. The maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and the femur length were normal. Maternal age remains an essential criterion for prenatal diagnosis.     

生物农药的环保式革新

1962年，《寂静的春天》一书问世，这本彪炳千秋的环保史册系统阐述了农药对环境的污染。作者卡逊认为：农业有害生物的防治需另辟“蹊径”。作为“蹊径”之一的生物农药一经出现就被广泛看好。     

其实,我只做了一点点

美术课令大多数学生发愁,类似于煎熬。通过实践,其实也并没有大家想象得难。     

迁徙的鸟儿，请你歇歇脚

鸟儿“心仪”的小岛 上海崇明东滩位于中国第三大岛、世界上最大的河口冲积岛——崇明岛的东部,南北濒临长江入海口,向东缓慢过渡伸向浩瀚的东海,并与北部的苏北平原和南部的上海市隔江相望,距上海市中心46公里,是由长江北支和北港两个水道径流及涨落潮流夹带的泥沙堆积而成的沙岛,面积3．261万平方公里,其中水域面积146万平方公里,属河口型滩涂湿地,常称为崇明东滩湿地。     

广西典型碳酸盐岩区农田土壤-作物系统重金属生物有效性及迁移富集特征

为揭示碳酸盐岩地质高背景区土壤重金属生态风险,选择广西典型的成土母岩为碳酸盐岩的土壤重金属高背景区,采集水稻籽实及对应根系土样品68套,在分析测试土壤、农作物籽实样品中砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)和锌(Zn)这8种重金属含量及土壤中重金属赋存形态的基础上,采用统计学、地累积指数、生物富集系数及相关性分析等方法开展土壤重金属生态风险研究.结果表明,研究区土壤中8种重金属平均含量明显高于全国和广西表层土壤的平均水平,其中Cd、As和Cr超过农用地土壤污染筛选值的比例分别达95. 6%、86. 8%和69. 1%,超过土壤污染管控值的比例分别为27. 9%、17. 6%和5. 9%.区内土壤中As、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn主要以残渣态为主(残渣态占比 80%),显示出较低的生物活性; Cd的生物活性相对较高,生物有效态组分占20. 99%,但仍明显低于全国其它非碳酸盐岩地区的土壤; Hg的潜在生物有效态组分占44. 04%,然而土壤中Hg全量较低,因此其潜在生物有效态的绝对含量较低.与土壤相比,研究区水稻籽实中重金属超标率明显较低,仅部分样品中Cd、Cr、Pb超过国家食品限量标准,超标率分别为8. 8%、2. 9%和23. 5%.相关性分析显示,研究区土壤重金属全量与对应的水稻籽实中重金属含量不存在显著正相关关系.水稻籽实重金属生物富集能力普遍较低,8种重金属生物富集系数(BCF)的均值均小于0. 1,其中As、Cr、Hg、Ni和Pb的BCF均值小于0. 05.上述结果表明,对于碳酸盐岩等地质高背景区,相关部门在制定污染土壤管控政策时不能仅以土壤重金属全量作为衡量标准,应综合考虑金属赋存形态、生物活性及农作物超标率等因素.