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黄姜皂素废水是强酸性高浓度有机废水,它富含黄姜淀粉水解成的糖类.废水的直接排放严重污染附近的水源、影响水质,其环境污染问题在很大程度上已经制约了皂素产业的健康发展.本文对黄姜皂素的清洁生产工艺进行了系统的介绍,该工艺可变废为宝,减少环境污染.同时,指出清洁生产工艺存在的问题和今后的发展趋势. 相似文献
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黄姜皂素清洁生产工艺污染物削减过程分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
采用黄姜皂素清洁生产新工艺可将吨皂素洗姜耗水量由传统工艺的800~900t降至90~100t,洗姜废水随之降低;采用多酶水解分离淀粉糖及水解原液回收盐酸与淀粉糖技术可将酸性废水发生量由传统工艺的400t酸性废水/t皂素、50~100kgCOD/t废水削减至110~120t废水/t皂素、20~30kgCOD/t废水,且废水的可生化性提高;分析整个工艺过程中酸性废水削减主要发生在多酶水解预分离淀粉过程;新工艺对抽余物进行资源化利用制备有型燃料,消除了抽余物任意堆放造成的污染,同时实现了资源的综合利用。 相似文献
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层次分析-灰色关联分析法评价黄姜皂素生产工艺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用层次分析-灰色关联分析法评价了6种黄姜皂素生产工艺.用层次分析法确定了12项指标〔酸耗系数、水耗系数、能耗系数、单位产品废水COD Cr产生量、废气产生量、固体废物产生量、污染物处理效果、环保成本(年环境代价/产品年产量)、环境系数(年环境代价/年产值)、成本投资、运行费用和资源综合利用收益)〕的权重,其中水耗系数、废水COD Cr产生量、酸耗系数的权重分别为0.216、0.189、0.167,排在前三位,对评价结果影响较大.通过专家打分、构造决策矩阵等步骤计算不同工艺指标列与最优指标集数据列的关联度,得到6种生产工艺的综合排序.微波破壁-甲醇提取法的关联度为0.879,为最优工艺;直接分离法、直接分离-板框压滤法、糖化-膜分离回收-酸水解法的关联度分别为0.874、0.803、0.701,依次位列微波破壁-甲醇提取法之后.直接酸水解法、自然发酵-酸水解法的关联度分别为0.530、0.410,排在最后,建议淘汰.评价结果可望为黄姜皂素行业的健康发展、水污染防治等方面提供一定依据. 相似文献
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运用层次分析-灰色关联分析法评价了6种黄姜皂素生产工艺. 用层次分析法确定了12项指标〔酸耗系数、水耗系数、能耗系数、单位产品废水CODCr产生量、废气产生量、固体废物产生量、污染物处理效果、环保成本(年环境代价/产品年产量)、环境系数(年环境代价/年产值)、成本投资、运行费用和资源综合利用收益)〕的权重,其中水耗系数、废水CODCr产生量、酸耗系数的权重分别为0.216、0.189、0.167,排在前三位,对评价结果影响较大. 通过专家打分、构造决策矩阵等步骤计算不同工艺指标列与最优指标集数据列的关联度,得到6种生产工艺的综合排序. 微波破壁-甲醇提取法的关联度为0.879,为最优工艺;直接分离法、直接分离-板框压滤法、糖化-膜分离回收-酸水解法的关联度分别为0.874、0.803、0.701,依次位列微波破壁-甲醇提取法之后. 直接酸水解法、自然发酵-酸水解法的关联度分别为0.530、0.410,排在最后,建议淘汰. 评价结果可望为黄姜皂素行业的健康发展、水污染防治等方面提供一定依据. 相似文献
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This study proposes a new approach for diosgenin production from Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright tubers with respect to resources utilization and clean production. This process consisted of two successive parts, i.e., recovery of starch from raw material, and microbial hydrolysis of the residue to produce diosgenin by Trichoderma reesei. In the first step, about 75.4% of hemicellulose and 98.0% of starch were removed from the tubers. In the second step, about 90.2% of diosgenin was released from saponins by T. reesei at 30 °C, at an aeration of 0.80 vvm and agitation rate of 300 rpm in a 5.0 L bioreactor. Significant reduction of pollutant production was detected by replacing the traditional approach with the proposed new method. About 99.2% of reducing sugar, 99.4% of chemical oxygen demand, 99.2% of total organic carbon, 100% of SO42?, and 100% of acid was reduced in the new processing wastewater. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cleaner Production》2008,16(10):1133-1137
Diosgenin (CAS number 512-04-9) production from Dioscorea zingiberensis is a very important industry in central-western China. However, treatment of the wastewater with COD up to 50,000 mg/L has been a formidable challenge for the sustainable development of diosgenin industry. A cleaner production process, called the saccharification–membrane retrieval–hydrolysis (SMRH) process, was proposed and pilot-tested by us. The new process combines traditional acid hydrolysis with enzyme hydrolysis and UF/NF technologies. It has two major advantages. (1) The starch in D. zingiberensis is degraded into low molecular weight soluble sugar which is separated and removed before acid hydrolysis of the residue. This prevents the soluble sugar from entering the wastewater; instead it can be utilized as a carbon source in the fermentation industries. (2) UF/NF membrane equipment separates the acid hydrolysis solution into three parts: (a) the colloid phase, (b) the acid solution and (c) the water. All of which can be used in this or in another industry. In this way, the new production process dramatically reduces the wastewater discharge and uses the sugar, acid, water and solid waste in other processes. 相似文献
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文章以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)为基本原料,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水化改性单体、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为扩链剂通过预聚体法制备了淀粉改性水性聚氨酯环保型固沙剂,研究了淀粉用量对固沙剂乳液及其所成胶膜性能的影响。研究结果表明:在扩链聚合时加入可溶性淀粉,可以得到稳定的聚氨酯乳液;随着可溶性淀粉用量的增加,乳液的粘度增加,粒径呈增大趋势,胶膜拉伸强度减小;动态热力学分析显示胶膜储能模量E’随着淀粉含量的增加而减小,而玻璃化转变温度升高;保水实验显示保水效果随淀粉含量的增加而提高。当可溶性淀粉与纯聚氨酯的质量比为10%时,胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为16.7 MPa和662%,而应用此配比固沙液的沙土在测试条件下10 h的失水率仅为55.7%,达到固沙剂保水性和胶膜力学性能之间较好的平衡。 相似文献