天寒地冻话养生

冬季从立冬开始,经过小雪、大雪、冬至、小寒、大寒,直到立春的前一天为止,是一年四季中气温最低的季节,俗称"寒冬".<黄帝内经>云:"冬三月,此谓闭藏,水冰地坼,无扰乎阳.早卧晚起,必待日光;使志若伏若匿,若有私意,若已有得;祛寒就温,无泄皮肤,使气亟夺,此冬气之应,养藏之道也,逆之则伤肾,春为痿厥,奉生者少."冬季的养生之道,就是养阴、养肾、养藏之道.     

预案演练不能总是按照套路出牌

最近,在电视新闻中有这样一组镜头,某单位为了强化安全工作,开展了大规模的应急预案演练活动.为了使演练活动能够营造氛围,深入人心,扩大影响,他们提前下发通知,要求与演练无关的人员早早撤离现场,在演练现场附近搭建了高大的主席台,邀请上级领导在台上就座观摩,在演练现场多处悬挂大幅标语,安装音响播放音乐,参加演练的人员统一着装,演练的组织工作十分周到和严密,宣传的气氛也很浓厚.然而,对这样的安全应急预案演练活动,究竟能收到多大的效果,笔者并不感到乐观.     

奔驰车碾死3岁男童的血腥反思

一个3岁的小天使,懂得心疼奶奶的乖宝宝.就算是一贫如洗的蹬三轮的拾荒者,见着他都会挤出几毛钱,买个棒棒糖哄哄小宝贝的.纯真的宝贝,真如戏词所说的:"人见人爱,车见车载,啤酒见了打开盖".爱美之意人皆有,向善之心谁人无?可为何就有人忍心,在酒后"不慎"撞人后,再残忍地倒车硬生生从娇嫩之躯上碾过?!如此泯灭天良之举,可谓人神共愤,天理难容,国法更不可姑息!一个人见人爱的小宝贝,一个鲜活朝气的小生命,怎么就会惨死车轮之下?三轮车夫之爱,何致遭奔驰车主之戕?我想这代步工具之异,正好折射出,判若天渊之别的幕后,让我们费解的东西.     

“公交校车”接送学生多少算超载

随着九月份各学校的开学,中小学生上下学途中的交通安全问题又开始引起人们的关注。本该淘汰的残疾车,焊个铁条,加几根木凳,成了接送小学生的笼子车;早已报废的面包车,稍加改装,就成了黑校车;还有改装的小货车,后车箱封死,加上扶手条凳,照样高速飞驰,接送孩子……几经演变,如今,校车队伍中又有了公交车。对于公交车现身校车队伍,议论纷纷申,更有专业人士发出肯定的声音——这种作法可以提倡,因为公交车从车况到司机驾驶水平,都更专业。这未尝不是一个有益的尝试,但是……     

现存最古老的消防车

首都博物馆收藏着一辆人力消防车,是北京现存最古的消防车,是一件珍贵的文物,车身高136厘米,长137厘米,宽68厘米.车身前后左右,各有一个巨大的铁环,是用来拴绳拖车用的.有四个车轮子,是用铁铸造的,车轮直径50厘米.该车水箱是铜质的,容水量约为1立方米,运作中得随时补水.车上有一个杠杆、一个活塞,由四个人操作.左边的杠杆压下,右边的杠杆升起,右边的杠杆压下,左边的杠杆升起,就这样反复地压下升起,一抽一压带动活塞,如此循环往复,就可激水腾空而起,射向火场扑灭火灾.车身中央上方,有一个出水口,口径3厘米,扬程约15米.车身前后,均以古铜雕花饰物镶嵌,制作十分精良.     

守一方平安

阳光明媚、春风拂面,小草破土而出,柳枝随风摇曳,鱼儿在溪水中戏耍,鸟儿在枝头歌唱,孩子绕着老人嬉闹,恋人依偎着昵喃细语。这是一幅多么美妙和谐的画面,这是一个多么心旷神怡的场景。这里没有血腥,没有灾难,有的只是人们渴望的平安、幸福。家庭美满,民族昌盛,人民安居乐业,社会和谐发展,处处是欢声笑语,一切都井然有序,     

桑枣酸甜好滋味

天渐渐热了,桑树阔大的枝叶间慢慢长出果实,起先是淡红色,硬硬的。随着时间推移,果实越长越大,颜色也越来越深,到得最后,变成深紫色,果实上每个小粒都很饱满,油光闪亮,仿佛新鲜的汁液要从里进出来。这时候,最高兴的要数那些自由飞翔的鸟雀了,它们一边叽叽喳喳地叫唤着,一边享用酸甜美味的桑果。而田间劳作的人们,正是一年中最繁忙的时候,擦去汗水休憩的间隙,摘几粒放进嘴里,则满口生津,既止渴又解乏。桑果名曰桑椹,因其味美,在我的家     

沁园春·喜学“六中”公报

回望百年,恢宏史诗,壮丽篇章。善以史为鉴,可知兴替;看清过去,自信自强。历史决议,经验总结,决不忘苦难辉煌。主心骨,崎岖奋斗路,荡气回肠历史长河不息,新时代考卷更周详。咱千秋伟业,风华正茂;环球一同,人心所向。咬定青山,勇毅前行,新百年只争朝阳。定盘星,任乱云飞渡,指引方向。     

收获美好

车厢里骚动了一会,很快就平静下来,几十号人各就各位,在火车的轰鸣声中逐渐沉默。车窗外一派明丽,远山近水,农家小院,绿田丛林,和煦的阳光暖暖地照到身上,一颗旅途孤寂的心仿佛被一只慈爱的手抚摩。视线随着火车前进,发现外面事物却急速后退,心情开始     

当兵的待遇

去年底,侄儿林空从部队退伍,到户籍地茶场办理医保社保手续,遭到拒绝,要我帮忙通融。我找到茶场武装部询问就里,部长告诉我说:为了鼓励适龄青年应征入伍,场部内部规定,凡退伍军人,皆享受医保社保的待遇,这笔专款是场里专门留下的。我说林空响应党的号召,积极应征入伍,应该与场部其它退伍军人一样一视同仁。他说林空不一样,当年不是从茶场走的,不占茶场     

Gender differences in DUI offenders in treatment in Texas

OBJECTIVE: This is a study of 8,464 adult women and 21,155 adult males who entered substance abuse treatment in Texas between 2000 and 2005. Participants were either on probation for driving under the influence (DUI), were referred to treatment by DUI probation, or had been arrested for DUI in the past year. METHODS: The female and male clients were compared on demographic characteristics, substance use patterns, DSM-IV diagnoses, and levels of impairment. T tests and chi square tests were used to determine significance and multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of completing treatment and being abstinent at follow-up. RESULTS: The proportion of females who were sent to treatment as a result of DUI increased from 27% in 2000 to 32% in 2005. Females were significantly more likely than males to be White (73% vs. 56%), to have used substances a shorter period of time (17 vs. 19 years), to be seeking custody to regain their children (11% vs. 2%), to meet the DSM criteria for drug dependence (32% vs. 23%), to have injected drugs (31% vs. 23%), to have used substances daily (42% vs. 40%), to have a depressive disorder (16% vs. 7%) or bipolar disorder (12% vs. 5%), and to be have been in treatment before (60% vs. 49%). In contrast, males were more likely to be alcohol dependent (49% vs. 44%). Females were less likely to complete treatment (67% vs. 72%) and reported significantly more days of problems on the 6 domains of the ASI at both admission and at 60-day follow-up. Furthermore, at follow-up, they were more likely to be living with someone who abused alcohol or used drugs (9% vs.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Although females comprised only 29% of the DUI treatment admissions, they were more impaired and experienced more problems than their male counterparts. The findings indicate that additional resources, including treatment for co-occurring mental health problems and living in sober households, may be keys to helping these women achieve abstinence and prevent additional DUI episodes.     

Trends in chemical hazards in Japan

In the past, the chemical industry in Japan has been the cause of a number of major industrial accidents. Subsequent to each accident, specific lessons have been learned. These lessons learned have been implemented in terms of safety education of the employees and/or safety measures of the equipment and facilities resulting in a rapid decrease of corresponding accident frequencies. In this paper, we summarized both recent and past major accidents caused by chemical substances in fixed installations in Japan. Case studies show that runaway reactions are among the main causes of major accident occurrences in the chemical process industry in Japan. A recent fatal poisoning accident caused by H₂S gas generated during maintenance work again highlights the necessity of adequate safety management in a chemical factory. Therefore, even if hazard evaluation of chemical substances and chemical processes is necessary to prevent runaway reactions, human error is also an important factor contributing to reaction hazards [Wakakura, M. (1997) Human factor in chemical accidents, J. Safety Eng. High Press. Gas. Safety Inst. Japan, 34, 846].     

Trends in occupational hygiene in Finland

The aim of this work is to evaluate and describe the current status of, and prospects for, the future of occupational hygiene in Finland. The main sources of information include a seminar held in the annual meeting of Finnish Occupational Hygiene Society and interviews with different stakeholders. Nanotechnology and other new materials, changing work environments, circular economy including green jobs, new medical methods and advances of construction methods were recognized as future challenges. Future work opportunities for occupational hygiene experts included exposure assessments in indoor air surveys, private consulting and entrepreneurship in general, international activities and product safety issues. Unclear topics needing more attention in the future were thought to be in new exposures, sensitive persons, combined effects, skin exposures and applicability of personal protective equipment. Occupational hygiene should broaden its view; occupational hygienists should have to cooperate with other specialists and grasp new challenges.     

Violence in the workplaces in Finland

The aim of this study was to describe violence in Finnish workplaces by comparing it with leisure-time violence. The data were derived from 13,762 interviews made from a representative sample of the Finnish population in 1988. The subjects were asked to report all the violent incidents they had encountered during the previous 12 months. There were 394 victims of violence in workplaces, that is, 40.6 victims per 1,000 workers. The rate of occupational violence was almost identical for males (40.6) and females (40.5). The most hazardous occupations were prison guard, police officer, and mental health nurse. The main reasons for violence at work were related to refusal of an authority's order to go away or to the relationship between doctor or nurse and patient. A typical assailant was an unaccompanied man who was under the influence of alcohol.     

我国非煤矿山安全生产的差距

从我国非煤矿山安全生产立法、安全生产管理体制、监察执法、群众监督、宣传教育、科研、矿山企业等方面与国外矿业进行了对比分析，分析了我国非煤矿山存在的问题以及与国外的差距，最后分析了产生问题与差距的原因。     

WTO与中国安全生产

新世纪之始,中国将要迈进世界贸易组织（ＷＴＯ）。在入世的过程中,与美国为首的发达国家之间始终存在着阻挠与反阻挠、限制与反限制的斗争,目前虽已告一段落,但远未结束。可以预见,中国加入ＷＴＯ之后,斗争非但不会停止,甚至可能会更复杂、更激烈。这场经济、贸易斗争实际上还有着深刻的政治与社会背景。最近几年,发达国家一直在努力使社会条款纳入世界经济贸易体系之中,在“关注发展中国家人权状况”的旗号下,反复提出“劳工标准”问题,即把本国安全生产问题与国际贸易挂钧。实际上这是“涂上绿色’”的贸易保护主义。中国是一…     

在回顾中思考 在创新中发展

2008年,是中国的奥运之年,也是中国林科院建院50周年、哈尔滨林机所建所50周年、<林业劳动安全>杂志创刊20周年. <林业劳动安全>的诞生,为林业安全文化建设开辟了一片广袤的园地,为加强学术交流打开了一洞明亮的牕牖,为行业安全的发展提供了一块方正的铺路石……