低低温电除尘技术针对电厂的适用性分析

结合长兴电厂实际工程项目的实施情况,通过其煤质分析、酸露点计算、灰硫比计算、选型程序计算等分析,说明通过以低低温电除尘技术为核心的烟气协同治理技术路线可满足其5mg/Nm~3的排放要求,并列出了低低温电除尘器总体方案设计图,可为相关项目提供参考。     

低温试验系统中露点温度控制的节能技术

本文通过对低温系统露点温度控制技术的分析,指出该控制模式存在的不足,提出采用露点模式和时间程序模式相结合的露点节能控制模式对空气的干燥度和使用工况进行监控,从而实现对低湿度干燥空气的露点温度的智能监控.同时对两种控制模式耗能进行比较,指出露点节能控制模式明显优于单纯的时间程序控制模式,为低温系统露点控制提供了新的测控手段.     

恒温恒湿箱的温湿度调节方法

恒温恒湿箱的温湿度调节方法上海爱斯佩克环境仪器有限公司沈荣林编译传统的恒温恒湿箱的温湿度调节方法主要有露点控制方式和直接调温调湿方式两种。露点控制方式也称作空气洗涤方式。这种恒温恒湿箱的工作原理如图１所示。露点控制方式是这样的一种调节方式：首先将空气...     

密闭空间内水汽分布实验研究

通过对密闭空间内露点温度均匀性的实际测量,可以确认密闭空间内水汽分布基本均匀。在可以接受的不确定度范围内,为密闭空间内通过使用一个湿度测量点,计算出其它位置的相对湿度,进而计算出密闭空间内的相对湿度均匀性提供实验依据。     

电子产品低温试验中的防凝露技术

本文介绍了一种电子产品低温试验防凝露技术。在试验过程中,用干燥的氮气置换出试验箱内的潮湿空气,显著降低箱内空气的露点温度;在允许的情况下,通过降低试验的升温速率或采用步进式升温,解决由试品热惯性导致的试品升温速度滞后于空气升温速度的问题,确保试品的温度高于箱内空气的露点温度,从而避免试品的凝露。某星载产品的试验结果表明,该方法可有效防止低温试验过程中试品的凝露,具有方法简单、通用性强的特点。     

垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气干法脱酸系统温度的控制

通过对垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气露点和近绝热饱和温度的研究,计算出脱酸反应的最佳温度.同时,在垃圾焚烧发电厂的实际运行中进行操作温度对脱酸效率的影响实验,要在保证脱酸效率的同时,避免设备的结露腐蚀.     

应用三种不同处理方法消解土壤的研究

本文采用3种不同的消解方法对环境土壤标准物质ESS-2和ESS-3进行处理,火焰原子分光光度法分别测定其中铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)元素的含量.3种消解方法为:电热板消解法、微波消解法和全自动消解法.分析测定结果探讨这3种消解方法的优缺点,以期获得最经济实效的消解手段.实验证明:微波消解法操作简便快捷、赶酸时间短、无污粢、准确度高、精密度好,因此提高了工作效率.     

微热再生干燥器露点控制及优化方法探讨

微热再生干燥器是确保向实验室提供低露点制冷气体的核心装备,在分析影响微热再生干燥器露点因素的基础上,重点分析了再生过程中的能耗与气耗,针对某型微热再生干燥器的运行参数及能耗对比,分析了存在的问题并优化了关键参数,具有一定的指导性。     

环境监测中pH平均值的计算探讨

本文根据pH的定义和水溶液电离平衡理论，探讨了pH平均值的计算方法，通过理论分析和实验验证指出了pH值现行计算方法的不足，本法对环境监测中酸沉降和水质监测pH数据的正确处理及编报具有现实的意义。     

油田酸化废液现场处理

酸化是油气勘探生产中常采用的措施,本文列举了处理残酸的几种常用中和剂,分析了中和剂复配使用的特点,最后选出了最经济、最易得的品种。还介绍了中和处理酸化废水的流程。根据流程,残酸水在沉砂池内中和后,再通过隔油池到蓄水池。实践证明,此两种方法是使残酸废液能被及时中和处理的切实可行的有效方法。     

冷-干直接抽取法CEMS冷凝器的选型

探讨了烟气冷凝器的关键性能指标,提出烟气冷凝器脱水率、SO2组分丢失率和烟气出口露点温度等关键参数的计算公式,提出了适合不同工况条件下烟气冷凝器选型的依据和方法,为解决冷-干直接抽取法CEMS所面临的湿法脱硫后的高湿、低浓度SO2,及如何准确、客观地反映污染排放的现实问题,提供了一个合理的解决方案。     

Organic acids and aldehydes in throughfall and dew in a Japanese pine forest

We analyzed low molecular weight organic acids and aldehydes in throughfall under pine forest, and organic acids in dew on chemically inert surfaces and pine needle surfaces at urban- and mountain-facing sites of pine forest in western Japan. Low molecular weight organic acids and aldehydes accounted for less than 5% of the dissolved organic carbon in throughfall at both sites. Formaldehyde at both sites and formate at the mountain-facing site were found at significantly lower concentrations in throughfall than in rainfall, which may be explained by the degradation and/or retention of these components by the pine canopy as the incident precipitation passed through it. The oxalate concentration in throughfall was significantly higher than those in rainfall at both sites, suggesting that oxalate was derived from leaching from the pine foliage. At both sites, organic acid concentrations were higher in dew on the pine needles than in throughfall or dew on chemically inert surfaces. This could be due to the long contact time of dew on pine needles, during which leached substances from pine needles and dry deposits accumulated on their surfaces can dissolve into the small volume of dew. The role of enhanced concentrations of oxalate in an aqueous phase on the plant surfaces (e.g., dew) is discussed in relation to hydroxyl radical formation via the photo-Fenton reaction.     

塔里木油田三甘醇脱水装置参数优化研究

文章通过三甘醇脱水工艺的第三套三甘醇注醇量调整,第三套再生温度的调节、汽提气注入量调整、贫液进塔温度调整运行参数的优化,得出:当三甘醇脱水工艺循环量在3840kg/h左右时,再生效果最好,贫液浓度最高,所获得的干气水露点最低;三甘醇脱水工艺再生温度在190～200℃之间温度越高,再生效果越好;三甘醇脱水工艺再生装置在汽提气量30Nm3/h左右时,再生效果最好,贫液浓度最高,所获得的干气水露点最低。     

ESTIMATION OF ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OF MORNING DEW EVAPORATION FROM LEAF SURFACES1

ABSTRACT: Evapotranspiration from vegetation is generally computed without consideration for early morning energy loss involved in drying wet leaf surfaces. In humid areas where dew formation is frequent, estimation of energy requirements for evaporating dew should be of interest. In this study, sensible heat flux (H) was computed from wind and temperature profile measurements over the study site. A leaf wetness sensor was used to measure the duration of evaporation from an exposed leaf surface, and net radiation was measured with a radiometer. The energy flux during the period of wet leaf surface evaporation was integrated over time. A cattail lysimeter situated at the site indicated the time when evapotranspiration started after wet leaves were dry. The energy requirements to dry an exposed wet leaf surface was estimated using energy balance methods. The mean value based on 44 days of observations from mid February to early May of 1993 indicates that the energy required to evaporate dew from openly exposed wet leaves was 5 percent of the total daily evapotranspiration of cattails with a coefficient of variation of 0.72. The mean time required to evaporate dew from exposed leaf surfaces from the onset of positive net radiation was 78 minutes. The mean dew evaporation in a morning from an exposed leaf surface was 0.16 mm with a maximum value of 0.41 mm. The energy required to dry wet leaves is a factor that should be considered when modeling evapotranspiration at hourly or shorter time intervals. Also, physical evapotranspiration models need to account for energy requirements for drying dew and rainfall wetted leaves.     

Temperature and relative humidity distributions in a medium-size administrative town in southwest Nigeria

This study was carried out in one of the medium-sized public administrative towns in the southwestern part of Nigeria. Its aim is to highlight the effect of spatial distribution of settlements, population, and socio-economic activities on urban air temperature and humidity in the town. Temperature and relative humidity data from 1992 to 2001 were obtained from three meteorological stations in Akure, the Administrative Capital of Ondo State, Nigeria. The stations are located within the Federal Ministry of Aviation, Akure Airport (FMA), Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) and Federal School of Agriculture (SOA). Air temperature and relative humidity measurements were also obtained from 27 points, which were cited to include road junctions, markets, built up areas, etc., using sling psychrometer. The data were subsequently analysed for spatial and temporal variations using statistical packages (SPSS and Microsoft Excel) and isolines. Actual vapour pressure and dew point temperature were computed using Magnus conversion formulae. The results obtained showed that spatial variation was insignificant, in terms of the temperature and humidity variables. The annual mean temperature (Tmean) ranged between 21.9 and 30.4 degrees C while minimum (Tmin) and maximum (Tmax) temperatures varied from 13 to 26 and 21.5-39.6 degrees C, respectively. Relative humidity (RH), actual vapour pressure (Es) and dew point temperature (Td) values also varied from 39.1% to 98.2%, 19.7-20.8 gm(-3), and 17.3-17.8 degrees C, respectively. A significant relationship (p>0.6; r<0.05) between Tmin, Es and Td was observed while the daytime 'urban heat island' intensity (UHI) ranged between 0.5 and 2.5 degrees C within the study period. The study concluded that there is influence of urban canopy on the microclimate of Akure, and hypothesizes that the urban dwellers may be subjected to some levels of weather related physiological disorderliness.     

温、湿度试验中结露的产生与预防措施探讨

从环境试验的概念出发，简要介绍了温、湿度试验中结露的危害，通过对结露产生的原因进行理论上的分析，给出了几种常见温、湿度变化模式下结露的避免方法。     

Is dew water potable? Chemical and biological analyses of dew water in Ajaccio (Corsica Island, France)

To determine to what extent dew water is potable without further treatment, a thorough set of chemical and biological analyses were performed on 10 samples of dew water collected on a large scale radiative collector (29.83 m2) in Ajaccio (Corsica Island, France), between 21 May 2002 and 5 Mar. 2003. Samples were collected following four protocols according to the dew volume amount and 48 parameters (ions, minerals, and bacteria) were analyzed and compared to French and European Union legislation and also World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Aluminum and Fe were the main pollutants whose concentrations were significantly larger than recommended. Their presence is due to local deposition of aerosols coming from the Sahara (a characteristic of the Mediterranean basin). A large number of biologically cultivable microorganisms were found, together with bacteria typical of fecal contamination. For dew water to be potable with respect to present legislation at the Ajaccio site, it should be disinfected and treated for turbidity.     

污染物排放相关指标计算方法的研究

针对传统的污染排放数据指标计算方法存在的问题,提出污染物排放指标应根据排污强度和经济指标确定的新思路,同时提出污染物排放指标数据的快速测算模型设计.建议通过环境监测数据或物料衡算数据确定每个排污单位的平均排污强度,作为计算机处理的参数,再由该排污单位申报每月的经济指标(产量或产值),输入计算机计算其产污量、排污量和去除量.实施计算机管理的关键是选取适当的数据计算模型.新思路应该能够规范计算程序,建立污染源动态数据库,对排污数据实行有效的统计分析.     

成都市2002年1月2日至4日浓雾天气雾的化学组成

为了查明雾天雾的化学学组成，2002年1月2日至1月4日，利用人为结露的方法采集了雾天的雾，并洲定了阴离子组成。与室内采集的凝结露水的研究进行比较，大雾天的雾中含有极高的硝酸粮，这是因为雾的形成过程中亚硝酸根进一步氧化为硝酸根的原因。