家用远程监控系统的设计与实现

本文设计并实现了以ARM-Linux为系统平台、以GSM/GPRS为数据传输媒介的远程无线监控系统,详细阐述了系统功能结构和整体设计方案,并给出了图像采集、MMS发送等关键的软件实现方法。与传统的监控系统比较,该系统具有成本低、易操作、易维护、不依赖PC机等特点,并可随时随地进行远程监控,可广泛应用于家庭或者小型企业,具有广阔的市场应用前景。     

高规格危险品仓库安防系统设计研究

以高规格危险品仓库实际应用为背景,对安防系统的软硬件设计进行了研究,详细介绍了基于局域网的系统总体方案和温湿度监控系统、集成报警系统等子系统的设计方案,重点结合特殊管理要求对库门出入管理系统进行了创新设计。实际工程应用的结果表明,方案设计可行,实用性强。     

智慧海绵监测控制系统的实现

以武汉市中冶南方大厦智慧海绵城市示范工程设计为实例,从需求分析、工艺流程、硬件设计、设备安装、软件设计等方面对智慧海绵城市系统进行了全流程的分析,希望为类似海绵系统的设计提供参考。     

中国人民公安大学警务实训中心对安全防范系统的启示

安全防范是指建立一个有条件出入的空间,并可以对该空间内的状态进行监控,应用于预防、制止以及侦破盗窃、抢劫、爆炸等治安事件.中国人民公安大学警务实训中心是安全防范系统设计的先进范例,采用了全球定位系统(GPS)、350MHz公安集群通信系统、地理信息系统(GIS)、人口信息综合查询系统、视频监控系统等先进技术,为安全防范系统的研究发展提供了参考.     

浅谈火灾报警及联动的消防系统

火灾报警系统和消防设备在火力电厂中起着极其重要的安全保障作用。本文以阳城电厂的火灾报警系统为例,对火灾报警系统的组成及其联动的消防设备(包括自动喷水灭火系统、气体灭火系统等)进行了说明。     

首都博物馆新馆安全防范系统设计方案

本文针对首都博物馆新馆安防系统的各个子系统的设计方案进行了详细的介绍.它以入侵报警及出入口控制系统为核心,辅以电视监控、声音复核、照明控制、停车场管理、防爆安检、无线通信等系统,运用计算机控制技术、网络技术、图像处理技术等手段,将多个独立系统融为一体,构成了一个功能设置完善,综合防范能力强的安全防范体系.     

抽油井安全监控系统

在论述影响抽油井正常工作诸因素的基础上,为保证安全生产作业,提出了一种性能稳定、可靠的监控系统,并对该系统中采用的传感器件及测量电路等进行了讨论     

矿井提升机盘闸制动系统工作状态监控与安全

运用故障树分析(FTA)方法分析矿井提升机盘式制动系统故障原因,包括机械故障、摩擦系数故障、液压故障等,提出矿井提升机盘闸制动系统的故障树,并给出了系统状态计算机测控系统方案。采用现代检测与计算机技术,对盘闸制动系统的主要故障进行综合检测;对摩擦系数进行间接检测;研究成果,为故障报警与控制提供了保障,报警与控制结合,提高了提升机盘闸制动系统的安全性。     

以消防部队为依托的城市公共安全应急系统的硬软件建设

通过对国家"十五"科技攻关课题——"城市公共安全综合试点"历时4年的研究,杭州市以消防部队为主要处置力量,以消防指挥为主要应急体系,对该市公共安全应急系统的硬软件建设进行了探索;借助现代通讯、网络、信息、图像处理与传输、监控等先进技术,通过城市高空望网络、远程监控系统、自动报警系统、移动通讯指挥平台和灭火救援辅助决策系统、危险源辨识、风险和力量评估、综合安全规划等方面的建设,为其他城市的公共安全应急系统的硬软件建设提供了借鉴和参考,从而提高我国城市公共安全应急能力。     

数字化安防系统的应用研究与设计

本文结合智能小区安防系统的建设,提出了一种基于嵌入式系统的全数字化综合安防系统的设计及实现方法.该系统在功能上和组成结构上对于视频监控、语音对讲、应急报警、车辆出入控制、人员进出管理、设备控制、环境监测等进行了数字化的设计;在远端客户端,实现了前端各种数据的接收、解码、显示、存储.以及对前端设备的控制等.该设计为智能化小区数字安防系统提供了一种设计思路.     

油浸变压器排油注氮装置在500kV变电站的设计与应用

在分析500kV变电站主变压器消防系统的现状,比较3类消防系统优缺点的基础上,详细论述了主变排油注氮装置的结构组成、工作原理、参数计算、控制系统设计以及需要注意的事项等,为下一步排油注氮装置的推广应用打下基础.     

HAZOP结合What-if方法在某延迟焦化装置除焦中的应用

为克服传统危险与可操作性（HAZOP）定性分析方法在复杂操作、间歇作业等过程中使用的局限性,提出在传统HAZOP定性分析方法的基础上结合What-if（故障假设）方法,对人的不安全行为和操作规程不完备所导致的风险后果分析作出补充。详细说明其技术原理、工作流程等使用细节,系统阐述该方法与传统HAZOP定性分析方法的区别,并在某延迟焦化装置的除焦操作的风险分析中应用。经分析,识别出在“给水-泡焦”节点,有“操作规程错误”场景2项,“操作规程不具体”场景1项,不存在“操作人员未按操作规程执行”场景。研究结果表明:本文方法有效且具有较好效果,可以广泛应用于操作规程/作业指导书审查、作业过程隐患排查等方面,帮助企业开展操作层面的风险识别与管理,提升企业的生产安全水平。     

Nighttime pedestrian fatalities: A comprehensive examination of infrastructure,user, vehicle,and situational factors

Introduction: Pedestrian fatalities in the United States increased 45.5% between 2009 and 2017. More than 85% of those additional pedestrian fatalities occurred at night. Method: We examine Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data for fatal pedestrian crashes that occurred in the dark between 2002 and 2017. Within-variable and before/after examinations of crashes in terms of infrastructure, user, vehicle, and situational characteristics are performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-sample t-tests. We model changes in crash characteristic proportions between 2002–2009 and 2010–2017 using linear regressions and test for autocorrelation with Breusch-Godfrey tests. Results: The increase in fatal nighttime pedestrian crashes is most strongly correlated with infrastructure factors: non-intersection unmarked locations (saw 80.8% of additional fatalities); 40–45 mph roads (54.6%); five-lane roads (40.7%); urban (99.7%); and arterials (81.1%). In addition, SUVs were involved in 39.7% of additional fatalities, overrepresenting their share of the fleet. Increased pedestrian alcohol and drug involvement warrant further investigation. The age of pedestrians killed increased more (18.1%) than the national average (3.2%). Conclusions: By identifying factors related to the increase in nighttime pedestrian fatalities, this work constitutes a vital first step in making our streets safer for pedestrians. Practical Applications: More research is needed to understand the efficacy of different solutions, but this paper provides guidance for such future research. Engineering solutions such as road diets or traffic calming may be used to improve identified infrastructure issues by reducing vehicle speeds and road widths. Rethinking vehicle design, especially high front profiles, may improve vehicle issues. However, the problems giving rise to these pedestrian fatalities are likely a result of not only engineering issues but also interrelated social and political factors. Solutions may be correspondingly comprehensive, employing non-linear, systems-based approaches such as Safe Systems.     

森林地表火蔓延模拟方法及其计算机实现

进行了森林火蔓延的研究,对传统的经验公式和模型进行改进,明显发现改进的模型有更好的结果,用计算机巧妙准确地实现了模拟模型,在风力不是特别大,地形变化不是特别剧烈时,该模型有较高精度;并结合火蔓延的主要因素（气象因子、气候、地形等）,进行系统分析,写出算地,编制实现地表火蔓延的预测预报计算机系统软件。这对于有效的组织扑救、减少火灾损失、计算森林火灾的损失评估有重要意义。     

潞安矿区煤层渗透率的各向异性特征实验研究

为了研究原位煤体渗透性的各向异性特征,以山西潞安常村矿3号煤层圆柱试样为对象,利用TCQT-Ⅲ型低渗煤层气相驱替增产试验装置,对煤样进行加载,并以氮气注入压力2.0 MPa的条件下,分析垂直层理和平行层理2个方向的煤体变形和渗透率变化特征。实验结果表明:煤样在加载过程中,平行和垂直层理煤样渗透率均随着有效应力的增大而减小,平行层理方向的渗透率始终大于垂直层理方向,应力加载初期渗透率急剧下降,最后逐渐趋于平缓;径向应变的增加量与渗透率呈正相关性,且平行层理相关性大于垂直层理;沿平行层理方向的裂隙度大于沿垂直层理方向,沿垂直层理方向的应变量大于沿平行层理方向;应变增加量均随有效应力的增加而逐渐减小。研究结果可为煤层井网布置及优化提供参考。     

Footedness and Mounting—Short Review and Two Case Studies

Footedness is a personal quality like handedness. Footedness may be associated with moving ability during mounting, dismounting, and jumping movements. Occupational accidents have occurred during movement at different working levels, during the use of access and exit systems, and during the mounting of vehicles. Aging can also affect accident risk and body laterality. For example, falling accidents on stairs are common among the elderly. One reason for accidents may be that the structure of the access system or stair system is unsuitable for individual moving patterns depending partly on body laterality. Footedness and the way the feet are used may be contradictory to the demands of the moving situation, especially during uncommon or rapid situations. This contradiction may trigger disturbance during moving. The aims of this pilot study were (a) to review the literature briefly and (b) to describe the use of the dominant and nondominant foot by farmers and the elderly when mounting a tractor and stairs, respectively. The study also gives ideas for future studies based on both (a) and (b).     

AHP与GA-SVM耦合模型在滑坡预警中的应用*

为了减少滑坡造成的损失,提高滑坡预测的准确性,通过搭建灾害模拟平台获得滑坡的实验数据,在获得多组模拟实验数据后,分析各变量的特性。首先,通过层次分析(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)算法,对滑坡进行危险度划分;然后,通过支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)建立模型,遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)再优化SVM参数,提出1种层次分析法与GA-SVM相耦合的模型。研究结果表明:AHP方法划分后的数据,通过GA与SVM结合建立的模型精度较好,实验预测结果与实际结果较为吻合,与单一SVM相比,精度更高,结果更好,更加适用于多变量的复杂非线性滑坡预警。     

一起有机过氧化物爆炸事故的调查和分析

阐述一起重大爆炸伤亡事故的现场调查和原因分析，介绍如何通过人证物证材料，用鱼刺图法找出可能引起事故的诸原因，逐项加以分析，将与人证或物证材料相矛盾的原因子以排除，最后剩下无法排除亦即能与人证物证相符的那个原因，就是事故的真正原因。笔者是这起事故调查专家组组长，取证和数据可靠。     

Debunking the false dichotomy of leadership idealism and pragmatism: Critical evaluation and support of newer genre leadership theories

Leadership theories have shifted over the last few decades from a focus on managerial functions and economic leader–follower exchanges toward greater focus on the interpersonal dynamics occurring within the leadership process. Theories such as transformational, ethical, authentic, and other “newer genre” theories were created to address neglected topics such as leader vision and inspirational messages, transparency, emotional effects, morality, individualized attention, and intellectual stimulation. Critiques of these theories, however, have been raised. In this paper, we address five of those critiques and argue for the validity and practical effectiveness of the new genre theories. Further, we describe how newer genre leadership research should be viewed as a performative epistemology, entailing a process of co‐creation involving scholars and practitioners. Finally, from this view, we provide general ideas for leader development. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Occupational Safety and Health in Finland

In Finland, occupational safety is the responsibility of the employer, while the occupational safety and health laws are enforced by the Labour Inspection Service, an organization of the state. The Labour Inspection is divided in 11 administrative districts, and it employs 360 professionals. They are mandated to carry out site visits without prearranged appointments to inspect safe work situations, working hours, construction safety, or any aspect of accident risks. The inspectors are also mandated to verify the existence of sufficient occupational health services as prescribed by the Occupational Health Services Act for all employees. The occupational health services are typically provided by enterprise-owned medical departments, by mutually owned health care centers, by private practitioners, or by municipal health care centers. The latter are required by law to provide all services as prescribed by the legislation to anyone who comes to the facility. This situation is prevalent in the countryside, where there are very few private caregiving centers. Declaring occupational accidents and disease cases is mandatory, and the Inspection districts examine all accidents to establish causes and consequences, and to initiate prosecution in case of criminal negligence. Labour Inspection Districts are also notified of the new occupational disease cases as they are declared to insurance companies. Insurance for occupational disease, accidents, and death is an obligation of the employer, although they can choose the insurance company. The medical confidentiality between the workers and their occupational health care providers is very strict. Official statistics are maintained by the state Statistics Finland organization, and they may be used, for example, for research purposes by scientific institutes like the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. Construction industry accounts for 25% of all fatal accidents (120 cases per 1 million working hours), followed by mechanical, wood, metal, machinery, and pulp and paper industry (10% each of fatal accidents) with rates ranging from 100–160 cases per 1 million working hours. There are some 5,000 occupational disease cases per year (rate 22/10,000 employed). The major disease categories include repetitive strain injuries (1,300 cases), respiratory allergies (600 cases), occupational skin diseases (1,000 cases), and 900 cases of noise-caused hearing loss. In 1998, 589 cases of asbestos-related diseases were reported.