崇明岛建设中的生态环境保护科技创新

崇明生态岛建设对科技创新的路径选择提出了很高的要求。崇明岛的生态科技创新,在解决资源、能源、环境等一系列与生态系统密切相关的问题中,发挥了重要的支撑和保障作用。在分析崇明生态岛建设过程中科技发展现状的基础上,提出了崇明生态岛建设中,利用科技创新规划生态建设和环境保护的思路：生态城镇的发展进程必须遵循生态学原则,重点发展低碳经济战略,节能减排,发展生态岛环境保护与资源循环利用技术体系。此外,还提出了崇明生态岛在新农村建设过程及生态文明建设中亟待解决的一些问题,进而使科技创新推动崇明岛生态建设的发展,实现人与自然的和谐。     

新区域主义视角下崇明生态岛建设评价CSSCI

区域经济发展受全球化与本地化两种力量的作用。新区域主义认为,地方化是实现区域发展的重要力量。在区域生态化建设中,生态要素作为典型的地方性要素引起了新区域主义学者的重视。基于新区域主义地方性视角,从地方禀赋、行为主体、区域体系等三方面构建崇明生态岛建设评价指标体系,并运用障碍度模型分析各方面存在的问题。研究发现:1地方性是生态区域建设的重要因素,生态区域建设需要充分发掘地方禀赋、发挥行为主体和区域体系的作用;2区域体系、地方禀赋是崇明生态岛建设的主要障碍因素。     

新区域主义视角下崇明生态岛建设评价

区域经济发展受全球化与本地化两种力量的作用。新区域主义认为,地方化是实现区域发展的重要力量。在区域生态化建设中,生态要素作为典型的地方性要素引起了新区域主义学者的重视。基于新区域主义地方性视角,从地方禀赋、行为主体、区域体系等三方面构建崇明生态岛建设评价指标体系,并运用障碍度模型分析各方面存在的问题。研究发现:1地方性是生态区域建设的重要因素,生态区域建设需要充分发掘地方禀赋、发挥行为主体和区域体系的作用;2区域体系、地方禀赋是崇明生态岛建设的主要障碍因素。     

崇明发展低碳经济产业的研究

崇明借后发优势,跨越传统产业发展路径,主动设计低碳产业结构,进行低碳经济建设,是中国主动环境管理上迈出的重要一步.通过研究崇明现有产业现状,分析了崇明发展低碳经济的必要性和可能性,提出适合在崇明发展的低碳产业:生态旅游业、生态农业、会展业、绿色造船业、创意产业及新能源开发产业.提出了发展低碳经济的对策措施,包括产业结构调整、政策保障、技术创新及设立实践区,该发展模式一旦成熟,将是我国发展低碳经济的一次全新实践.     

珠海淇澳生态岛建设策略研究

<正>建设淇澳生态岛是珠海市建设生态文明的战略选择。淇澳生态岛建设是自然生态、人居生态、经济生态三位一体的全方位生态建设,在优化生态环境、实现生态价值、创建生态品牌、实现生态领先的同时,发展生态经济、低碳经济,创建生态社区,建设自然生态健康、人居生态和谐、产业生态高端的自然—经济—社会复合岛屿生态系统。     

科学发展观视野下秦皇岛市生态文明建设研究

以河北秦皇岛市生态文明建设为切入点,针对秦皇岛生态文明城市建设过程中皇岛市民生态环境保护意识薄弱,生态城市建设区域差距大资金投入不足,基础设施建设不平衡,政府管理机制和法制建设尚未完善的现状,在总结秦皇岛市城市建设取得的成绩和经验基础上,提出了城市生态文明建设中要增强市民环保意识,加强基础设施建设,优化产业结构,加强法制建设等应对措施,并充分利用和调动各方力量,以实现城市经济的可持续发展。     

京津冀城市群生态文明建设研究——有鉴于世界著名城市群

从城市群的扩展与规划、产业布局与交通管理、生态文明建设特色三个角度总结梳理了伦敦、北美五大湖和东京3个世界著名城市群的生态文明建设模式与生态文明发展的变迁规律。在此基础上,结合我国的政治体制背景和京津冀城市群生态文明建设现状,从功能性政府、产业布局、公共交通、公众参与四个方面对京津冀城市群生态文明建设模式提出建议。     

梁子岛水污染防治对策研究

梁子岛水污染调查是梁子岛生态环境保护、生态发展规划的基础工作.以实地调查为基础,主要从梁子岛居民生活污染、农业面源污染、禽畜养殖污染,旅游污染以及水产养殖污染等方面对梁子岛进行调查,并计算出相应的COD、NH3-N、TP、TN等指标的排放量.以梁子岛水污染的实际情况为依据,提出梁子岛水污染防治的具体措施,为制定水污染治理的规划和措施提供了理论依据.     

海东市生态文明建设的思考

生态文明建设对青海和全国乃至世界生态环境保护具有特殊意义。海东特殊的地理位置和生态环境,决定了重视本地区的生态文明建设意义重大。文章从"生态海东"建设的机遇出发,指出了生态文明建设成效和面临的一些困难和问题,对今后如何加强"生态海东"建设提出了对策与建议。     

北京生态岛焚烧处置系统点火仪式启动

2008年12月30日,北京生态岛焚烧处置系统点火仪式正式启动,由于这是目前全国规模最大、占地面积最多、标准最高、北京市第一例“生态岛”项目,环境保护部及北京市领导极为重视,环境保护部副部长周健、北京市副市长黄卫等领导出席了该项目的点火仪式。位于房山区窦店镇的生态岛项目,总占地面积约为8400m^2。作为一个集收运、储存、物化处理、     

Life‐Cycle Assessment of Construction in a Developing Country

The construction industry plays a great role in a country's or an area's economy. Construction activities also have significant and increasing effects on the environment. Life‐cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the environmental management techniques that can be used to evaluate the environmental burdens of construction. The authors of this study applied the LCA approach and SimaPro 7.1 software within the framework of the International Organization of Standardization's (ISO) 14040 series of standards and analyzed the global warming potential (GWP) and acidification potential (AP) of the materials acquisition and construction phases of the Parand residential apartment complex located in the southwest part of Tehran province, Iran.     

沙湾县三个泉子退耕还草项目区对区域生态环境的影响

沙湾县三个泉子退耕还草项目区的建设,彻底改变了长期以来由于草地在陆地生态系统中的巨大作用和在国民经济发展中的重要地位未被充分认识,加之受传统的重农轻牧,重牧轻草,轻草贱草等社会思想的影响,彻底改变了草地建设等许多措施没有落到实处,尤其是草地生态建设的步伐远远不能适应生态环境发展要求的现状。     

Suitability Analysis for Greenway Planning in China: An Example of Chongming Island

Suitability analysis for greenway planning was developed in the Western culture. When applying a suitability analysis to a very different sociocultural context such as China, it is necessary to identify what hinders or promotes it. Through an example of Chongming Island, this article demonstrates how to apply a suitability analysis for greenway planning in China. Furthermore, it argues that obstacles including a lack of data, peculiarity of capability scores within land use and a neglect of scientific group involvement are encountered in the process of applying suitability methods in Chongming or China. Early and sustained attention to such impediments could improve the success of suitability assessment in China. These research results are helpful for the planning and implementation of Chongming greenways.     

Woody Vegetation Composition and Structure in Peri-urban Chongming Island, China

Chongming, the world’s largest alluvial island, is located within the municipality of Shanghai, China. Recent projects have now linked peri-urban Chongming to Shanghai’s urban core and as a result will soon undergo substantial changes from urbanization. We quantitatively analyzed the structure and composition of woody vegetation across subtropical, peri-urban Chongming as a basis for sustainable management of these rapidly urbanizing subtropical ecosystems elsewhere. We used 178 permanent, random plots to statistically and spatially analyze woody plant composition and tree structure across the 1,041 km² of Chongming. A total of 2,251 woody plants were measured comprising 42 species in 37 genera. We statistically and geospatially analyzed field data according to land uses and modeled air pollution removal by trees. Average tree diameter at breast height, total height, and crown widths on transportation land uses were greater than other land uses. These same values were lowest on forest land use and greater tree cover was associated with areas of increased anthropogenic activity. Less than 20 % of the woody vegetation was exotic and a species richness index was significantly different between land uses due to legacy effects. Composition of agriculture and forest land uses were similar to residential and transportation. Tree cover across Chongming was also estimated to annually remove 1,400 tons of air pollutants. We propose that this integrated and quantitative method can be used in other subtropical, peri-urban areas in developing countries to establish baseline trends for future sustainability objectives and to monitor the effects of urbanization and climate change.     

区域大气污染防治管理系统建设需求分析

区域大气污染防治管理系统是生态环境保护信息化工程(《"十二五"国家政务信息化工程建设规划》中规划的国家级信息系统之一)项目建设的重要内容之一.本文对区域大气污染防治管理系统的建设需求进行了分析,系统针对大尺度的区域性大气环境质量问题,紧密结合国务院"大气污染防治行动计划"的目标任务要求,开展数据调度与综合分析等功能的建设,旨在通过数据分析提高重点区域大气环境质量状况与污染成因的评估能力,通过情景模拟与模型运算为区域大气污染治理措施的制定与动态调整提供定量化数据支持.系统的建设与实施将有望成为国家大气污染防治领域跨部门数据共享与交换的基础工程,为区域大气污染防治工作提供有力的信息化技术支撑.     

Impacts of disturbance from construction work on the densities and feeding behavior of waterbirds using the intertidal mudflats of Cardiff Bay,UK

The impact of disturbance from construction work around Cardiff Bay, south Wales, on the densities and feeding behavior of seven waterbird species was studied over an 11-year period. Construction of a barrage across the mouth of the bay has subsequently resulted in its impoundment; other major works included the construction of a bridge carrying a divided highway. Construction work disturbance significantly reduced the densities of five species—green-winged teal (Anas crecca), Eurasian oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus), dunlin (Calidris alpina), Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata), and common redshank (Tringa totanus)—on adjacent intertidal mudflats, and thus the overall carrying capacity of the bay. Construction work also reduced the feeding activity of Eurasian oystercatcher, dunlin, and common redshank on these mudflats. The possible impact of the loss of birds from these mudflats upon the populations that the bay supported is discussed. Evidence from other local studies suggests that the displacement of common redshank from these mudflats did not contribute to a decline in this species.     

建构主义学习理论在高等数学教学中的具体运用

建构主义学习理论是在认知主义基础上发展起来的一种独特的学习观。它认为“学习不应该被看成只是对于教师授予知识的被动接受，而应是学习者以自身已有的知识和经验为基础主动地建构意义的活动”。它对学习者的主动性、实践性、探索性、创造性和社会性的树立具有深远的意义。建构主义学习理论包括情境创设、协作学习和意义建构等主要环节。     

Waterbird Population Changes in the Wetlands at Chongming Dongtan in the Yangtze River Estuary,China

We studied the changes in wetland habitats and waterbird communities between the 1980s and the 2000s at Chongming Dongtan, a Ramsar site in the Yangtze River estuary, an ecologically important region. This region is an important stopover site for shorebirds along the East Asian–Australasian flyway and is extensively used by waterfowl. A net loss of 11% of the wetland area was estimated during study periods at Chongming Dongtan. The change was dependent on wetland types: while the area of artificial habitats such as paddy fields and aquacultural ponds more than doubled, more than 65% of natural habitats including sea bulrush (Scirpus mariqueter) and common reed (Phragmites australis) marshes were lost over the two decades. An exotic plant species introduced from North America, smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), occupied 30% of the vegetated intertidal zone by the 2000s. Although waterbird species richness did not change between the 1980s (110) and the 2000s (111), 13 species found in 1980s were replaced by 14 newly recorded species. Moreover, there were more species with declining trends (58) than with increasing trends (19). The population trends of species were affected by residential status and habitat types. Transients, wintering migrants, and habitat specialists were more likely to show declining trends compared to those breeding at Dongtan (including year-round and summer residents) and habitat generalists. Furthermore, species associated mainly with natural wetlands were more likely to decline than those associated mainly with artificial wetlands. These patterns suggest that the loss and change of wetland habitats at Chongming Dongtan adversely affected local population dynamics and might have contributed to the global decline of some waterbird species. Because Chongming Dongtan provides stopover and wintering habitats for many migratory waterbirds, protection and restoration of natural wetlands at Chongming Dongtan are urgently needed.     

Development of sustainability indicators by communities in China: a case study of Chongming County,Shanghai

Public participation as a means of identifying sustainability indicators for Chongming County, Shanghai, China was evaluated by an international group drawing on established best practice. An initial 'long list' of 86 sustainability indicators, based on previous indicator systems developed in China, was identified. This 'long list' was reduced via consultations with local academics and local-government officers from Shanghai City and Chongming County to a 'short list' of 17 indicators. This short-list was subjected to further community consultation involving 159 local-government officers, teachers, students (aged 12-14 years), farmers and workers. Data from the consultations indicated differences in the understanding of sustainable development among the different sectors. By combining the data from the different sectors it was possible to identify a consensus around 4 core and 7 additional indicators. These are proposed as indicators which could be used to steer local activities directed towards sustainable development. The list of indicators produced by the people of Chongming Island was compared to local indicator systems in Europe. In comparison with European lists the Chongming list was found to have a greater emphasis on economic development but a similar level of concern for environmental matters. This study has special significance as it reports on the implementation of a process involving local resident participation in the process of sustainable development in China.