确定大气SO2污染物总量控制目标初探

通过对个旧市２０００年和２０１０年大气ＳＯ２排放量的预测及对环境空气质量的影响预测,提出ＳＯ２污染防治措施以及ＳＯ２削减计划,从而确定出既能满足个旧市环境空气质量功能分区目标,又与国家对酸雨控制区的规划目标一致的个旧市２０００年至２０１０年大气ＳＯ２总量控制目标,以确保酸雨和ＳＯ２污染不断恶化的趋势得到遏制。     

牙哈凝析气田大气环境影响回顾评价

为更好地了解牙哈凝析气田开发建设对大气环境质量的影响,根据牙哈凝析气田6年的大气环境监测资料,采用spearman秩相关系数法对牙哈凝析气田开发10年来的环境空气质量进行回顾评价及变化趋势分析。结果表明:牙哈凝析气田大气中主要污染物SO2、NMHC(非甲烷总烃)均总体呈下降趋势,NO2呈上升趋势,而在2008年急剧下降,整体大气环境质量呈现好转趋势。牙哈凝析气田开发区块环境空气质量有了明显的改善,各项大气环境治理措施取得了显著的环境效益。     

基于模糊数学的大气环境质量综合评价

鉴于大气环境质量评价中客观存在的不确定性和模糊性,运用模糊数学方法,选用SO2、NO2、PM10作为评价因子,参照大气环境质量标准,通过计算污染因子权重分配系数和隶属度对乌鲁木齐市2004年至2010年大气环境质量给出客观的评价,综合评价结果表明乌鲁木齐市总体大气环境质量为轻度污染(三级),但空气质量在逐年好转,SO2和PM10依然是乌鲁木齐市空气质量的制约因子,且NO2的权重在逐年上升。模糊综合评判考虑环境空气质量评价的模糊性,根据污染物浓度对各级别的贴近度考察污染物的级别,评价结果比较直观,可以细致准确的评价环境质量等级,评价结果基本可以反映环境空气污染的情况。     

池州市环境空气中PM10产生的原因及防治对策

正PM10是指环境空气中小于等于10微米的颗粒物,也称可吸入颗粒物。PM10是大气颗粒物中对人体健康威胁最大的一类。同时,PM10还大量吸收可见光使大气能见度降低,对温度和酸雨都有一定的影响。国外学者从20世纪60年代就从不同方面对PM10展开了研究,我国学者从90年代起开始关注PM10。2000年起,我国重点城市陆续开展PM10的日报和预报工作。2003年起,池州市开展主城区环境空气质     

常德市SO_2污染与防治措施

总结了常德市城区大气中SO2含量与酸雨的变化状况,简略分析了SO2的来源,重点介绍了14年来常德市采取的防治SO2污染的具体措施。     

吉林市江北化工区环境容量研究

本文通过对吉林市江北化工区内、外的大气污染物SO2排放调查，以及环境空气中SO2浓度调查，并应用多源模型（ISC3），结合B值削减分配法计算江北化工区环境空气中SO2的环境容量，计算出该区域的剩余环境容量为16732．04t／a。     

1996～2005年太原市SO2污染特征及变化趋势分析

近年来，太原市环境空气质量污染问题较为突出，其中大气污染因子SO2特别值得关注。以1996～2005年太原市大气中SO2的监测数据为依据，分析了十年间SO2浓度的时间变化特征及原因，并采用Spearman秩相关系数法对SO2浓度变化进行了趋势分析。结果表明：①太原市SO2污染为煤烟型污染；②SO2浓度的月和季节变化的规律性明显；③十年间SO2年均浓度下降趋势显著，采暖月份和季节SO2浓度在全年中的比重基本呈下降趋势；但十年间SO2年均浓度全部超过国家环境质量二级标准：④1998年以后SO2浓度下降趋势不稳定，波动大。     

常德市SO2污染与防治措施

总结了常德市城区大气中SO2含量与酸雨的变化状况，简略分析了SO2的来源，重点介绍了14年来常德市采取的防治S02污染的具体措施。     

大庆市雾霾形成原因分析及其生态城市建设对策

以大庆市为研究对象,分析了2014—2016年大庆市环境空气质量特征及雾霾成因,并提出了生态城市建设对策。结果表明:2014—2016年大庆市SO2、NO2年均质量浓度均达到环境空气质量标准一级浓度限值,PM2.5浓度超过二级浓度限值3.8%~26.0%,2016年大庆市环境空气质量达标天数和重污染天数分别占全年的89.9%和1.9%。产业和能源结构不合理、大气氧化性强、外来源传输贡献等是造成大庆市雾霾的主要原因,因此建议从工业行业搬迁、推进节能技术进步等方面建设大庆生态城市。     

沈阳市城区大气污染对儿童呼吸系统影响的定量评估

以国际上近年来通用的危险度评价方法为基础，结合大气污染物每增高一单位对儿童呼吸系统健康造成的损失，综合定量评价了沈阳市城区大气污染物对儿童呼吸系统的影响。结果表明：2004年沈阳市皇姑区采暖期大气中PN10、SO2和NOx污染造成儿童上呼吸道感染患病率分别增加0．899％、0．657％和0．536％，儿童气管炎患病率分别增加0．039％、0．047％和0．053％，儿童肺炎患病率分别增加0．069％、0．058％和0．054％。因此，沈阳市采暖期大气PN10、SO2、NOx污染对儿童呼吸系统造成了一定的影响，并导致了其相应疾病患病人数的增加。     

乌鲁木齐市空气质量变化趋势分析

通过对乌鲁木齐市2001-2005年空气中SO2、NO2、PM10、降尘等大气污染物监测数据进行分析,介绍了乌鲁木齐市大气环境污染特征,并结合当地能源结构、地理位置、气候特征、城市环境综合发展水平,指出影响乌鲁木齐市空气质量的主要因素,为防治或减轻乌鲁木齐市的空气污染提供了科学依据.     

乌鲁木齐市大气环境污染特征及改善途径分析

以乌鲁木齐市环境监测站1996-2010年监测的大气中主要污染物SO2、NO2、PM10数据为依据,分析了乌鲁木齐市主要大气污染物浓度变化特征及变化趋势,阐明了乌鲁木齐市以煤烟型和沙尘型污染为主的大气污染现状,呈现出较为明显的采暖期污染重于非采暖期的特征,并提出通过改变能源结构、调整工业布局、完善相关法律法规等措施来改善乌鲁木齐市大气污染现状。     

Control strategies for vehicular NOx emissions in Guangzhou, China

Guangzhou is a city in southern China that has experienced very rapid economic development in recent years. The city's air has very high concentrations of various pollutants, including sulphur dioxide (SO₂), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), ozone (O₃) and particulate. This paper reviews the changes in air quality in the city over the past 15 years, and notes that a serious vehicular-related emissions problem has been superimposed on the traditional coal-burning problem evident in most Chinese cities. As NOx concentrations have increased, oxidants and photochemical smog now interact with the traditional SO₂ and particulate pollutants, leading to increased health risks and other environmental concerns.
Any responsible NOx control strategy for the city must include vehicle emission control measures. This paper reviews control strategies designed to abate vehicle emissions to fulfill the city's air quality improvement target in 2010. A cost-effectiveness analysis suggests that, while NOx emission control is expensive, vehicular emission standards could achieve a relatively sizable emissions reduction at reasonable cost. To achieve the 2010 air quality target of NOx, advanced implementation of EURO3 standards is recommended, substituting for the EURO2 currently envisioned in the national regulations. Related technical options, including fuel quality improvements and inspection/maintenance (I/M) upgrades (ASM or IM240), are assessed as well.     

Assessment and prediction of overall environmental quality of Zhuzhou City,Hunan Province,China

Fuzzy comprehensive assessment was applied to assess the quality of air, water and soil in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China based on the monitoring data of 1997 and National Environmental Quality Standards of China. Results show that Zhuzhou air quality belonged to Class II with industry and traffic as the main control areas and SO2 as the major pollutant. Water quality within the Zhuzhou section of the Xiang River belonged to Class IV, with the Xiawan section as the main control area and NH3-N as the major pollutant. Soil environmental quality with respect to heavy metal pollution belonged to Class III, with Cd as the major pollutant. For those pollutants showing significant differences between the years of 1990-1997, predictions were made for the environmental quality for the period 1998-2003. According to the assessment results, cleaner production in the key pollution sources and the establishment of a municipal sewage treatment plant are proposed to improve the environmental quality of Zhuzhou City.     

福州市环境可持续性评价

本文选取2000-2007年福州市城区环境数据，采用压力-状态-响应指标体系，对福州市近8年的环境动态进行可持续性评价。压力因子包括人口、经济和能耗，状态因子包括大气环境、声环境和水环境，响应因子包括污染控制、环境建设和环境管理。结果表明，福州市环境可持续发展能力2000年较差，2001-2002年一般，2003-2007年较好。     

朝阳市机动车尾气污染防治对策研究

朝阳市环境空气质量指数在早晚出行高峰期间达到峰值,表明机动车尾气的污染物排放对空气质量的影响非常显著。通过分析机动车保有量、各车型所占比例、运行等具体情况,提出机动车尾气污染防治对策,即按时段、道路、车型分别进行监管,从而达到降低机动车尾气污染物排放的目的,最终实现环境空气质量的明显改善。     

SO2 dispersion and monthly evaluation of the industrial source complex short-term (ISCST32) model at Mina Al-Fahal refinery,Sultanate of Oman

Modeling of air pollutant dispersion has been undertaken for emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) at the Mina Al-Fahal refinery in the Sultanate of Oman. The study was conducted during the period of November 1999 to October 2000. The Industrial Source Complex Short-Term (ISCST32) air pollution model was adopted to predict the ground level concentration of SO(2) in and around the refinery. The modeling results were validated against measured data during the study period. The comparison, based on the monthly average measurements, showed that the model underestimates the observed SO(2) concentrations. However, the predicted ground level concentrations of SO(2) during the months of September, October, November, and June were in better agreement with the observations. The predicted SO(2) values are presented in the form of concentration contours to determine the spatial distribution of SO(2) and to assess the impact on air quality over the survey area. Predicted SO(2) concentrations were found lower than the World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline value of 365 microg/m(3), with the maximum ground level concentrations being found to occur relatively close to the sources of emission. Moreover, concentration contour patterns for the modeled area vary with changes in meteorological conditions. On the basis of this study, the refinery is not likely to cause any significant deterioration in air quality, and predicted concentrations of SO(2) are well below those likely to influence health.     

秦皇岛市“十一五”期间环境质量变化趋势及成因分析

"十一五"期间,秦皇岛市环境质量总体趋于好转。环境空气质量Ⅱ级以上天数始终保持在350天以上,综合污染指数明显下降;城市集中式饮用水源地水质达标率100%;地表水河流Ⅲ类断面比例提高了43.8%;劣Ⅴ类断面比例降低了35.7%。近岸海域海水水质达标率100%,海水浴场水质良好。但存在局部空气污染严重、部分河段水质恶化等主要环境问题,针对上述问题提出了总量减排、污染物联控等对策建议。     

伊宁市农村大气环境现状与评价

在对伊宁市农村大气环境监测数据分析的基础上,评价伊宁市农村大气环境质量现状。对比分析伊宁市城市市区、远郊、近郊农村大气环境质量,冬季、夏季污染物变化情况,以期为伊宁市城市规划和今后的环保工作提供相关依据。