Three industries and wastewater and COD discharge of Beijing

Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ,ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｓｗｉｆｔｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｅｃｏｎｏｍｙａｎｄｔｈｅｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｐｅｏｐｌｅ′ｓｌｉｖｉｎｇｓｔａｎｄａｒｄ ,ｔｈｅｗａｔｅｒｕｓｅａｍｏｕｎｔａｎｄｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅｂｅｃｏｍｅｂｉｇｇｅｒａｎｄｂｉｇｇｅｒ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｗａｔｅｒｑｕａｌｉｔｙｉｓｇｅｔｔｉｎｇｗｏｒｓｅａｎｄｗｏｒｓｅ .Ｓｏｉｌａｎｄａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｐｏｌｌｕｔｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ,ａｎｄｐｅｏｐ…     

Mechanics Principle and Engineering Application of Split Layer and Bed Separation of Mining Overburden

<正>To control land surface subsidence caused the underground mineral exploitation and the catastrophic phenomena such as serious damage of buildings, waterbodies, cultivated lands, railways, bridges caused by land subsidence, bed separation grouting technology of overburden is put forward. To provide theoretical support for the technology, the characteristics and the mechanics mechanism of mining overburden from layer-split to formation of bed separation are studied. On the basis of elastic sheet board theory, calculation formula of rock sheet deflection is presented, and the mechanics criteria of the separation formation and the calculation formula of bed separation volume are set up. Finally, the applications and technics of bed separation grout technology of mining overburden to control land subsidence in china are introduced.     

Spatial and temporal dynamics of microbial community composition and factors influencing the surface water and sediments of urban rivers

The temporal and spatial characteristics of urban river bacterial communities help us understand the feedback mechanism of bacteria to changes in the aquatic environment.The Fuhe River plays an important role in determining the water ecological environment of Baiyangdian Lake.16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to study the microbial distribution characteristics in the Fuhe River in different seasons.The results showed that some environmental factors of the surface water (ammonia nitrogen (NH_...     

Control effects of pε and pH on the generation and stability of chlorine dioxide

IntroductionDuetotheformationofsomepotentiallyhazardousby productsfromchlorinedisinfectionindrinkingwater,chlorinedioxide(ClO2 ) ,asanalternativedisinfectantandaneffectiveoxidant,formedfewerhalogenatedDBPsthanchlorine(Richardson ,1 994;2 0 0 0 ;Bryant,1 992 ) .InvestigationsofthegenerationandstabilityofClO2 havealreadypromoteditsapplication .However,previousstudiespaynoattentiontothefactorofelectronactivity (pε)thatactuallyaffectsthegenerationandstabilityofClO2 Theignoranceofpεappearan…     

Environmental Taxes and Prices of Resources

During its 25 years of reform China has made impressive progress in the transition to a market economy. Much of the production and distribution in China is managed through the market, and the efficiency of this mechanism is evident in the country's sustained rapid growth. While the market is good at many things, however, it is not good at everything. One place in particular where the market breaks down concerns the use of natural resources and the environment, particularly where some important resource is freely available. While China's record of production and GDP growth is fantastic, its record of     

ThreeIndustries and water consumption of Beijing

ＴｈｒｅｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓａｎｄｗａｔｅｒｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｏｆＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＷａｎｇＨｏｎｇｒｕｉＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＮｏｒｍａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１００８７５，...     

Morphology and electrical conductivity of PACS

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＰｏｌｙａｌｕｍｉｎｉｕｍｃｈｌｏｒｉｄｅ(ＰＡＣ) ,ａｋｉｎｄｏｆｉｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｆｌｏｃｃｕｌａｎｔ,ｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｉｎｗａｔｅｒａｎｄｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ.ＩｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｔｈｅｃｏａｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＰＡＣａｎｄｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｑｕａｌｉｔｙｏｆＰＡＣｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ,ｉｔｉｓｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙｔｏｒａｉｓｅｔｈｅｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｆｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆＰＡＣ .Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ ,ｔ…     

Technological paradigm and innovation of EST of SMEs in China

This article described the change of technological paradigm from environmentally unfriendly technology to environmentally sound technology(EST),and reported results from the investigation made in 1993-1995 of how China's small-medium enterprises(SMEs)have been innovating technology in response to environmental pressures and tried to identify factors affecting China' SMEs to innovate more environmentally sound products and processes.     

Interdependence of the slopes and intercepts from log-log correlations of measured gas-particle paritioning and vapor pressure—I. theory and analysis of available data

Gas-particle partitioning is examined using a partitioning constant K_p = (F/TSP)/A, where F (ng m⁻³) and A (ng m⁻³) are the particulate-assiociated and and concentrations, respectively, and TSP is the total suspended particulate matter level (μg m⁻³). At a given temperature and for a given sample of particulate matter, compound-dependent values of K_p tend to be correlated with the sub-cooled liquid vapor pressure (p_L⁰, toor according to log K_p = m_r log p_L⁰+b_m. Theory predicts that b_r values should be somewhat similar, and that m_r values should be near −1. This is supported by field and laboratory work. However, there is still noticeable variability in reported m_r and b_r values, even when obtained by the same researchers sampling in the same location. Three possible thermodynamic sources of variability include variability in the compound-to-compound differences in the thermodynamics of adsorption, event-to-event variability in the specific surface area of the aerosol and event-to-event variability in the ambient temperature. Non-thermodynamic sources of variability include sorption of gaseous analytes to the filters used in differentiating between F and A, the presence of non-exchangeable component in the measured F values, within-event adsorption/desorption kinetics, within-event changes in contaminant levels, and within-event changes in temperature. Each of these sources of variability operate in their own way to cause variability in m_r and b_r. In general, one can expect there to be a correlation in the obseved m_r and b_r of the form b_r = m_sm_r+b_s. For the study of Yamasaki et al. (1982, Envir. Sci. Technol. 16, 189–194), one obtains m_s = 5.77 and b_s = −2.18, with r² = 0.91. In the presence of such a correlation, one can expect that all log (F/TSP)/A vs log p_L⁰ plot will tend to intersect at the same (x,y) poitn given by (−m_s, b_s. Exisiting field and laboratory data show this tendency.     

Emergy evaluation of the environment and economy of Hong Kong

ＥｍｅｒｇｙｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｎｄｅｃｏｎｏｍｙｏｆＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇＬａｎＳｈｅｎｇｆａｎｇＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＢｉｏｌｏｇｙ，ＳｏｕｔｈＣｈｉｎａＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｇｕａｎｇｚｈｏ...     

Characteristics of air particulate matter and their sources inurban and rural area of Beijing, China

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｒｅｉｓａｇｒｏｗｉｎｇａｗａｒｅｎｅｓｓｔｏｔｈｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅｏｆａｉｒｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎｉｎｍａｊｏｒｃｉｔｅｓ.Ａｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｈａｖｅｓｈｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｃｅｒｔａｉｎｔｒａｃｅｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｕｒｂａｎａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｅｌｅｖａｔｅｄｂｙ ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ ,ｔｈｅｈｉｇｈｅｓｔｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｎｔ…     

Chemical behavior and risk assessment of four pesticidesin soil and water

ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒａｎｄｒｉｓｋａｓｓｅｓｓｍｅｎｔｏｆｆｏｕｒｐｅｓｔｉｃｉｄｅｓｉｎｓｏｉｌａｎｄｗａｔｅｒＪｉａｎｇＸｉｌｉｕ；ＨｕａＸｉａｏｍｅｉ（ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｒｎｅｎｔＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，Ｎａ...     

β-Cyclodextrin and its derivatives-enhanced solubility and biodegradation of 2-nitrobiphenyl

This paper investigated the effects of β-cyclodextrins （I3-CD） and its two derivatives, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin （HPCD） and carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin （CMCD）, on the solubility and biodegradation of 2-nitrophenyl by an A cinetbacter sp. Results showed that β-CD, HPCD and CMCD could not be utilized by A cinetbacter sp. as sole carbon source and none of the CDs had toxic effects on the growth of the bacteria in the experiments; all the CDs could enhance the apparent solubility and accelerate the biodegradation of 2-nitrobipheny. It showed that biodegradation-accelerating effects of CDs on 2-nitrobiphenyl were correlated with their solubility-enhancing effects. Among three CDs investigated, CMCD had the most obvious effects both on the apparent solubility and the biodegradation, followed by β-CD and HPCD.     

Dynamic simulation and modeling of PCP transport between sediment and water

ＤｙｎａｍｉｃｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇｏｆＰＣＰｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔａｎｄｗａｔｅｒＬｉＴｉｅ，ＹｅＣｈａｎｇｍｉｎｇ，ＬｅｉＺｈｉｆａｎｇＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏＥｎｖｉｒｏ...     

β-Cyclodextrin and its derivatives-enhanced solubility and biodegradation of 2-nitrobiphenyl

This paper investigated the effects of β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) and its two derivatives, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) and carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CMCD), on the solubility and biodegradation of 2-nitrophenyl by aa Acinetbacter sp.Results showed that β-CD ,HPCD and CMCD could not be utilized by Acinetbacter sp. as sole carbon source and none of the CDs had toxic effects on the growth of the bacteria in the experiments; all the CDs could enhance the apparent solubility and accelerate the biodegradation of 2-nitrobipheny. It showed that biodegradation-accelerating effects of CDs on 2-nitrobiphenyl were correlated with their solubility-enhancing effects. Among three CDs investigated,CMCD had the most obvious effects both on the apparent solubility and the biodegradation, followed by β-CD and HPCD.     

Photodegradation of hydroxyfluorenes in ice and water: A comparison of kinetics,effects of water constituents,and phototransformation by-products

The photochemical behavior of organic pollutants in ice is poorly studied in comparison to aqueous photochemistry.Here we report a detailed comparison of ice and aqueous photodegradation of two representative OH-PAHs,2-hydroxyfluorene (2-OHFL) and 9-hydroxyfluorene (9-OHFL),which are newly recognized contaminants in the wider environment including colder regions.Interestingly,their photodegradation kinetics were clearly influenced by whether they reside in ice or water.Under the same simulated s...     

Identification and mechanism of formation of certainmutagenic components in the volatile condensatesfrom oxidized and heated edible oils

ＩｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｏｆｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｅｒｔａｉｎｍｕｔａｇｅｎｉｃｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｖｏｌａｔｉｌｅｃｏｎｄｅｎｓａｔｅｓｆｒｏｍｏｘｉｄｉｚｅｄａｎｄｈｅａｔｅｄｅｄｉｂｌｅｏｉｌｓＢａｏＺｉ...     

Alkaline leaching of metal melting industry wastes and separation of zinc and lead in the leach solution

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｍｅｔａｌｍｅｌｔｉｎｇｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｌａｒｇｅｒｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓｗｏｒｌｄ ｗｉｄｅ ,ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｉｒｏｎａｎｄｓｔｅｅｌｆｏｕｎｄｒｉｅｓａｎｄｍｉｌｌｓ,ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｂｒａｓｓａｎｄｂｒｏｎｚｅｆｏｕｎｄｒｉｅｓ (Ｍｏｒｇａｎ ,1 977;Ｇｉｌｌ,1 981 ;Ｂｒｏｏｋｓ,1 991 ;Ｃｏｌｌｉｅ ,1 984;Ｓｗａｒｎｋａｒ,1 996 ;Ｐｅｔｅｒｓ,1 992 ;Ｅｌｇｅｒｓｍａ,1 992 ) .Ｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｍｅｔａｌｍｅｌｔｉｎｇｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ,ｔｈｅｅｌｅ…     

Foundation of regional ecology and its methodologies

ＦｏｕｎｄａｔｉｏｎｏｆｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌｅｃｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄｉｔｓｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｌｏｇｉｅｓＹｅＣｈａｎｇｍｉｎｇ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｒｎｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｒｎｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃ...