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1.
UASB反应器处理生活污水的试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用UASB中试(100m^3/d)对生活污水处理进行了研究。试验结果表明,采用此系统处理生活污水,出水水质良好。COD的去除率在52%-83%,出水的COD值〈100mg/L以下,SS的去除率在95%左右,UASB处理生活污水的最佳停留时间为6h。产气率在0.1m^3/d。不管停留时间在10h、5h,出水的氨氮、乙酸值比进水的高;钙、镁、总氮、总磷、硫酸根和硝酸根离子出水值比进水值低。  相似文献   

2.
太湖梅粱湾水体中阿特拉津的毛细管气相色谱法测定   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
固相萃取(SPE)技术结合毛细管气相色谱(GC-μECD),测定了饮用水源地太湖梅粱湾水体中内分泌干扰物阿特拉津的含量,并用GC-MS进一步验证了分析结果。检测下限为10ng/L,方法回收率为75.58%~97.79%,RSD为0.38%~4.50%,在10ng/L-3640μg/L保持线性,其线性相关系数为0.9994。太湖梅梁湾水体中阿特拉津质量浓度在21.3~613.9ng/L,污染来源可能为太湖周围的农作区。  相似文献   

3.
以南京某城市污水厂污水和污泥中的酞酸酯类(PAEs)为研究对象,分别采用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(SPE—Gc.Ms)和超声提取.气相色谱.质谱联用(USE—GC—Ms)检测其中的优先控制污染物邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(MEHP),研究其在厌氧/好氧(A/O)污泥处理过程中的分布特征及降解规律。研究结果表明,各类PAEs在该污水厂的污水和污泥中均有检出,二级处理出水中4种酞酸酯类物质的浓度在0.151—2.419μg/L。污水中4种酞酸酯的分布规律为MEHP〉DBP〉DMP〉DEP,污泥中4种酞酸酯的分布规律为MEHP〉DBP〉DEP〉DMP。该污水厂二级处理工艺对4种PAEs的去除效果较明显,去除效率DBP〉DEP〉DMP〉MEHP.  相似文献   

4.
电子废弃物的预处理技术   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
主要探讨硝酸-硫酸这一混酸体系溶解电子废弃物的条件。试验表明:在60℃下,1.23mol/L硝酸和3.22mol/L.硫酸组成的混酸体系与电子废弃物在机械搅拌下反应2h,就可使得电子废弃物的溶解率达到93%以上,铜的浸出率达到99%以上。  相似文献   

5.
为了解高效厌氧反应器的颗粒污泥特性,研究了生产性EGSB反应器处理造纸废水不同高度的颗粒污泥的固体浓度、外观形态和产甲烷活性。采用甲烷势自动测试系统测试产甲烷活性,测试时间3d。结果表明,颗粒污泥的固体浓度以及溶解性COD随高度的增加逐渐降低,有机质含量沿整个反应器高度不变。反应器内固体浓度和有机质含量平均值为Ts:(123±4)g/L,VS:(75±3)g/L,VS/TS:(61±3)%。溶解性COD浓度由723mg/L降低到449mg/L。反应器内的颗粒污泥产甲烷活性为(0.32±0.03)gCOD/gVSSd(112mLCH。/gVSSd)。反应器底部和顶部颗粒污泥的当量直径分别为169μm和145μm,颗粒污泥呈椭球状(圆度为2.6)。EGSB反应器内由于进水的上升流速较高,污泥颗粒处于膨胀状态,致使颗粒污泥特性沿反应器高度变化不大。  相似文献   

6.
采用聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠(PVA—SA)凝胶包埋水华鱼腥藻与活性炭混合物,对比水华鱼腥藻在包埋、吸附以及悬浮状态下对高浓度模拟废水中氨氮的去除效果,实验结果表明,水华鱼腥藻在包埋状态下对氨氮有更好的去除效果。通过正交实验研究SA、粉末活性炭(PAC)、水华鱼腥藻之间不同质量比的包埋混合物对去除污水中NH4+-N、TP以及处理后废水中微囊藻毒素(MC)残留量的影响,结果表明,当PVA量为8%时,SA、PAC和藻含量分别在0.5%、0.5%和0.2%为NH4+-N、TP的最佳去除组合,同时处理后污水中MC的含量也低于联合国标准1Iμg/L,避免了二次污染的同时为产毒素藻类的利用创造了条件。  相似文献   

7.
在低温低浓度生活污水的实验研究中,回流比和气水比是影响潜流人工湿地一生物接触氧化组合工艺污染物去除效果的重要因素,推荐回流比R=1.0,气水比为4:1,在该工况下,进水COD浓度在170.8~221.3mg/L时,平均去除率可达90%;进水NH3-N浓度在17.3~25.9mg/L,平均去除率45%~65%;进水TN浓度在25.1~38.49mg/L时,平均去除率45%~65%;进水TP浓度在2.2~3.1mg/L时,平均去除率65%~80%。污染物沿程浓度分析结果表明,该组合工艺可以在低温季节通过曝气促进氨氮硝化,大幅提高NH3-N和TN去除率,同时可以充分发挥复合潜流湿地功能。  相似文献   

8.
南通盛达印染有限公司对原有废水处理设施进行了整改,采用了生化、物化相结合,二级A-O生化处理的新工艺,设计处理能力为5500t/d。进水CODcr2.2g/L、BOD0.7g/L、SS0.4g/L。从2002年10月验收运行至今,处理效果良好,出水各项指标符合《污水综合排放标准》(8978-1996)。  相似文献   

9.
三维电极-好氧生物法联合处理酸性染料废水模拟研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用电解-好氧生物法联合处理酸性大红G模拟废水,三维电解反应器填料为活性炭与玻璃珠混合物,平板电极材料为石墨,通过正交实验确定的最佳实验条件为:电解时间150min,活性炭/玻璃珠体积比为2:1,槽电压20V、pH为5、Na2SO4投加量1.5g/L,进水初始浓度2000mg/L。此时COD去除率及色度去除率分别可达49.78%和81.45%,废水BOD,/COD由0.12提高到0.42。电解后的废水采用生物接触氧化法处理12h后,出水COD为48mg/L,色度120倍,达到综合污水排放二级标准。  相似文献   

10.
根据测量不确定度评定与表示理论,采用气相色谱一质谱法测定水中挥发性有机物。以氯乙烯为例,通过计算和评定,得出当氯乙烯的测量结果为4.99μg/L时,取包含因子k=2(约95%置信概率),扩展不确定度U=0.96μg/L。该不确定度评定方法在实际工作中具有较强的实用价值。  相似文献   

11.
The effect of influent nitrogen composition on organic nitrogen production in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) activated sludge process was investigated. A laboratory-scale SBR was fed with three different type synthetic wastewaters with varying nitrogen compositions (phase I = nitriloacetic acid + ammonium [NH4-N], phase II = NH(4-)N, and phase III = amino acid mixture + NH(4-)N) was operated. The effluent contained approximately 1 to 2 mg N/L organic nitrogen, even though there was no organic nitrogen in influent. The effluent organic nitrogen increased to approximately 4 mg N/L when the influent composition was changed and then stabilized at <2 mg N/L. The maximum nitrifier growth rate constants (microN) were calculated as 0.91+/-0.10 to 1.14+/-0.08 day-1, 0.82 +/-0.13 day-1, and 0.89+/-0.08 day-1 at 20 degrees C for the three different influent compositions. The effluent colloidal organic nitrogen (CON) was negligible, suggesting that the effluent CON found in full-scale plants may be the result of influent-derived suspended matter.  相似文献   

12.
厌氧接触式反应器预处理高浓度丙烯酸废水   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用厌氧接触式反应器,对自配丙烯酸(AA)废水进行预处理.反应器经污泥驯化稳定运行后,在HRT为12h,进水丙烯酸浓度为1000~3 000 mg/L,丙烯酸容积负荷为2~6 kg AA/(m3·d),污泥负荷为0.67~2.00kg AA/(kg VSS·d)的条件下,丙烯酸去除率达95%以上,出水丙烯酸浓度低于16...  相似文献   

13.
针对内蒙古农村地区高腐殖酸地下水的处理问题,分别对(pH调节)-PAC强化混凝、高锰酸钾预氧化/混凝、活性炭吸附/混凝、Fenton氧化等技术处理的可行性进行了研究,同时利用三维荧光和高效体积排阻色谱分析处理前后水中有机物的组成变化特征。有机分析结果显示,水中的有机物为腐殖酸类物质,分子量分别为1600和3500,腐殖酸类物质为水中色度的主要贡献者。原水PAC强化混凝、高锰酸钾预氧化/PAC混凝对有机物的去除效果不佳,处理前后水样DOC浓度无明显变化,而pH调节.PAC强化混凝、微米活性炭吸附和Fenton氧化均能有效去除有机物。将原水pH调节至6.5,经300mg/LPAC混凝后出水DOC降至5.99mg/L。活性炭投加量为0.6g/L时,DOC降至7.6mg/L,然后采用60mg/LPAC混凝出去高度分散而不易沉降的小颗粒活性炭。此外,当反应初始pH值为3,过氧化氢投加量为0.5%(v/v),亚铁和双氧水摩尔比为0.05时,出水DOC降至5.6mg/L,氧化后有小分子有机物生成。  相似文献   

14.
Atmospheric input of fixed nitrogen species to the ocean has attracted considerable attention from the viewpoint of the oceanic biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen, although few measurements of organic nitrogen compounds in atmospheric aerosols have been extensively conducted over remote ocean areas. In this study, we report the geographical distribution of dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) in the water-soluble fraction of two size-segregated marine aerosols over the western North Pacific. The concentrations of DFAA showed higher values over the region north of 30°N, whereas they clearly decreased south of 30°N. Approximately 59–96% of DFAA was found in fine-mode particles. Long-range transport from continental sources could largely contribute to DFAA in marine aerosols over the remote North Pacific.  相似文献   

15.
In January 1999, wastewater influent and effluent from the pretreatment plant at the Stringfellow hazardous waste disposal site were sampled along with groundwater at six locations along the groundwater contaminant plume. The objectives of this sampling and study were to identify at the compound class level the unidentified 40-60% of wastewater organic contaminants, and to determine what organic compound classes were being removed by the wastewater pretreatment plant, and what organic compound classes persisted during subsurface waste migration. The unidentified organic wastes are primarily chlorinated aromatic sulfonic acids derived from wastes from DDT manufacture. Trace amounts of EDTA and NTA organic complexing agents were discovered along with carboxylate metabolites of the common alkylphenolpolyethoxylate plasticizers and nonionic surfactants. The wastewater pretreatment plant removed most of the aromatic chlorinated sulfonic acids that have hydrophobic neutral properties, but the p-chlorobenzene-sulfonic acid which is the primary waste constituent passed through the pretreatment plant and was discharged in the treated wastewaters transported to an industrial sewer. During migration in groundwater, p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid is removed by natural remediation processes. Wastewater organic contaminants have decreased 3- to 45-fold in the groundwater from 1985 to 1999 as a result of site remediation and natural remediation processes. The chlorinated aromatic sulfonic acids with hydrophobic neutral properties persist and have migrated into groundwater that underlies the adjacent residential community.  相似文献   

16.
以太湖梅梁湾底泥和上覆水为研究对象,通过实验室实验研究了底泥扰动状态下溶解氧水平(2~4mg/L、5~6mg/L、7~8mg/L)对上覆水中磷去除和固定的影响。结果表明,底泥扰动和溶解氧水平对上覆水中磷迁移有明显影响。扰动时间延长,溶解性磷酸盐(DIP)和溶解性总磷(DTP)均呈降低的趋势;但溶解氧水平提高,上覆水中DIP和DTP浓度有所增加。底泥扰动和溶解氧水平改变了悬浮物上不同形态磷的数量分布。随着溶解氧水平提高,NH4Cl-P(1~5d平均值)和Fe/Al—P(1~5d平均值)含量及其占总磷(Tot—P)的百分比均呈逐渐降低的趋势。另外,闭蓄态铁铝结合态磷(Fe/Al—P)占Fe/Al—P的比值从51.2%(2~4mg/L)增加至54.1%(7~8mg/L)。  相似文献   

17.
Xu Z  Nakhla G  Patel J 《Chemosphere》2006,65(7):1171-1181
Tomato-processing wastewaters are typical of slowly biodegradable high strength wastewaters generated from the food canning industry. Three different samples of influent and three samples of anaerobic effluents corresponding to the three influents collected from an on-site pilot-scale anaerobic/aerobic system were characterized using respirometric methods. Respirometric studies demonstrated that the pretreatment in the anaerobic reactor of the pilot-scale system increased the readily biodegradable fraction from an average of 40% of the SCOD in the influent to 50% of the SCOD in the anaerobic effluent, improved kinetics from an average micro(max) of 1.5d(-1) in the influent to 3.5d(-1) in the anaerobic effluent, and eliminated nutrient deficiency. Furthermore, the system was calibrated and simulated by application of wastewater characterization and biokinetic data derived form respirometric tests of influent and anaerobic effluent in Activated Sludge Model no.1 (ASM1).  相似文献   

18.
利用湿生铬超富集植物李氏禾构建的三段式波形潜流式人工湿地,研究了湿地系统对Cr(Ⅵ)污染水体的净化效果。结果显示,李氏禾湿地系统对Cr(Ⅵ)污染水体的净化效果明显好于无植物的对照。当进水Cr(Ⅵ)浓度为2.50mg/L时,李氏禾湿地系统出水Cr(Ⅵ)浓度显著低于对照,说明李氏禾在湿地系统净化Cr(Ⅵ)污染水体中发挥了重要的作用。当进水Cr(Ⅵ)浓度超标150倍(7.50mg/L)时,李氏禾湿地系统出水Cr(Ⅵ)浓度仍可达到国家地表水环境质量标准(0.05mg/L),表明李氏禾湿地系统具有很强的Cr(Ⅵ)污染净化能力。沿程Cr(Ⅵ)浓度的变化显示,湿地系统对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除效率随水流方向逐渐降低,Cr(Ⅵ)主要在湿地系统的前两个阶段被去除。  相似文献   

19.
将A2/O生物处理单元与MBR相结合构建了的处理能力为2000m3/d的A2/O—MBR工艺,并应用于缺水地区校园生活污水的处理与回用。该系统运行稳定,运行阶段的实验结果表明,在进水COD为100-200mg/L、NH4+-N为19~33mg/L、TN为25-43mg/L、TP为35mg/L和低碳氮比的情况下,出水水质优于《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》(GB/T18920-2002)的要求,且全部用于杂用及校园绿化等。经分析该工艺运行成本为0.96元/m3,每年可节省自来水73万t,获得较好的环境效益与经济效益。  相似文献   

20.
外循环式UASB反应器处理槟榔废水   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在中温(35±2℃)条件下,利用外循环式UASB反应器处理中高有机浓度的槟榔加工废水,并着重探讨了水力停留时间(HRT)对厌氧消化的影响。研究表明,当反应器稳定运行,水力停留时间为1 d,进水COD浓度5 000 mg/L左右,容积负荷在2.53-5.25 kg COD/(m3·d)时,COD去除率在38%以上,出水COD〈3 000 mg/L,平均产气率为0.41 m3/kg COD;若水力停留时间延长至4 d,容积负荷为1.26-1.30 kg COD/(m3·d),COD去除率可以达到79%,出水COD〈1 200 mg/L,出水可生化性下降,BOD5/COD平均为0.28,实验取得了良好的处理效果,为利用厌氧技术处理槟榔加工废水提供了设计依据。  相似文献   

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