生态供应链与生态型设计

生态供应链是可持续发展思想在运作管理领域的具体应用。生态型设计兼顾了经济效益和生态效益，是生态供应链的核心内容。生态型设计的实质是通过整体优化和局部优化来降低各节点企业的环境影响，借助于生态型设计可以把传统供应链代表的单程经济转化成生态供应链代表的循环经济。生态型设计由生态供应链的整体设计和组成元素的设计两部分组成，具体内容包括产品设计、原材料采购、产品生产、产品营销、产品回收和反向物流。     

通用设计对居住区规划设计的启示

文章阐述了通用设计的概念、原则和提出的背景,简述了通用设计的发展和应用,引出了通用设计对居住区规划设计的启示.     

基于jQuery框架的AJAX网站设计模式的研究

从AJAX技术出发,对实现AJAX技术常用框架ASP.NET AJAX、Dojo、DWR、Prototype、jQuery、YahooUser Interface进行讨论,重点介绍了其中较为优秀的jQuery框架,并用具体实例证明jQuery可以非常方便快捷的开发网站,并将WEB设计由原来的三层变为四层,即页面设计、前台逻辑设计、业务逻辑设计和数据库设计,它们之间相对独立,网站设计结构清晰、维护容易.图1,表1,参6.     

《园林规划设计》教学方法的探新

《园林规划设计》是园林专业从理论到空间的一门非常重要的应用型学科,它以美术、制图、测绘、园林花卉、观赏树木等知识为基础,与园林工程、园林建筑、文学艺术等高度综合,指导城市园林绿地规划、设计及施工。基于这门课程的特殊性,因此,不仅要讲授理论,而且必须与实践紧密结合,加强学生动手能力的培养,让他们综合有关的专业课和专业基础课知识,充分发挥他们的设计构思能力,把理论知识转化为设计与施工图纸,再     

石灰粉料筒仓的改进设计

针对石灰粉料极易在筒仓内结拱、形成空洞及断流的问题,结合石灰物料的特性,开发设计出与石灰粉料流动形态吻合的筒仓,并阐述了石灰粉料筒仓的基本设计方法,包括筒仓流型的选择、设计以及筒仓料斗的设计等。结合酸洗废水处理工程,制造了200m^3石灰粉料筒仓以配合完成石灰粉料的输送,并介绍了石灰筒仓的设计基本参数。     

生物安全法设计流量在赣江流域水污染物总量控制中的应用

利用生物安全法计算设计流量,并以赣江为例,利用赣江干流的峡山、栋背、樟树、峡江、吉安和外洲站6个水文站1990-2004年15年(其中外洲站为1954-2004年共51年)的水文数据,用不同方法计算各水文站的设计流量,通过对比可知生物安全法设计流量更加科学合理。     

面向21世纪的可持续的建筑学:从摇篮到摇篮的设计承诺

从摇篮到摇篮设计是一种建筑学的生态智能设计理念,它涉及到完全健康的、可恢复的居住区的材料、建筑物和模式的相关产业.与从摇篮到坟墓体系不同,从摇篮到摇篮设计把人类系统看作是营养循环系统,其中的每一种物质都能够支撑生命.作为生物养分设计的材料在使用后为大自然提供了营养物;通过生产-恢复-再造的产业闭路系统技术养分得以循环.依据选择安全、健康因素的科学建议,从摇篮到摇篮设计把对材料的利用发挥到了极致.本着对自然、文化、气候负责的精神,在工业化国家和发展中国家,它推出的建筑物与社区规划都创造了多种多样的经济、社会和生态价值.     

面向21世纪的可持续的建筑学：从摇篮到摇篮的设计承诺

从摇篮到摇篮设计是一种建筑学的生态智能设计理念，它涉及到完全健康的、可恢复的居住区的材料、建筑物和模式的相关产业，与从摇篮到坟墓体系不同，从摇篮到摇篮设计把人类系统看作是营养循环系统，其中的每一种物质都能够支撑生命，作为生物养分设计的材料在使用后为大自然提供了营养物，通过生产—恢复—再造的产业闭路系统技术养分得以循环，依据选择完全、健康因素的科学建议，从摇篮到摇篮设计把对材料的利用发挥到了极致、本着对自然、文化、气候负责的精神，在工业化国家和发展中国家，它推出的建筑物与社区规划都创造了多种多样的经济、社会和生态价值。     

面向21世纪的可持续的建筑学:从摇篮到摇篮的设计承诺

从摇篮到摇篮设计是一种建筑学的生态智能设计理念,它涉及到完全健康的、可恢复的居住区的材料、建筑物和模式的相关产业.与从摇篮到坟墓体系不同,从摇篮到摇篮设计把人类系统看作是营养循环系统,其中的每一种物质都能够支撑生命.作为生物养分设计的材料在使用后为大自然提供了营养物;通过生产-恢复-再造的产业闭路系统技术养分得以循环.依据选择安全、健康因素的科学建议,从摇篮到摇篮设计把对材料的利用发挥到了极致.本着对自然、文化、气候负责的精神,在工业化国家和发展中国家,它推出的建筑物与社区规划都创造了多种多样的经济、社会和生态价值.     

面向21世纪的可持续的建筑学:从摇篮到摇篮的设计承诺

从摇篮到摇篮设计是一种建筑学的生态智能设计理念,它涉及到完全健康的、可恢复的居住区的材料、建筑物和模式的相关产业.与从摇篮到坟墓体系不同,从摇篮到摇篮设计把人类系统看作是营养循环系统,其中的每一种物质都能够支撑生命.作为生物养分设计的材料在使用后为大自然提供了营养物;通过生产-恢复-再造的产业闭路系统技术养分得以循环.依据选择安全、健康因素的科学建议,从摇篮到摇篮设计把对材料的利用发挥到了极致.本着对自然、文化、气候负责的精神,在工业化国家和发展中国家,它推出的建筑物与社区规划都创造了多种多样的经济、社会和生态价值.     

Quantifying the efficiency of soil sampling designs: A multivariate approach

The objective of this paper is to quantify and compare the loss functions of the standard two-stage design and its composite sample alternative in the context of multivariate soil sampling. The loss function is defined (conceptually) as the ratio of cost over information and measures design inefficiency. The efficiency of the design is the reciprocal of the loss function. The focus of this paper is twofold: (a) we define a measure of multivariate information using the Kullback–Leibler distance, and (b) we derive the variance-covariance structure for two soil sampling designs: a standard two-stage design and its composite sample counterpart. Randomness in the mass of soil samples is taken into account in both designs. A pilot study in Slovenia is used to demonstrate the calculations of the loss function and to compare the efficiency of the two designs. The results show that the composite sample design is more efficient than the two-stage design. The efficiency ratio is 1.3 for pH, 2.0 for C, 2.1 for N, and 2.5 for CEC. The multivariate efficiency ratio is 2.3. These ratios primarily reflect cost ratios; influence of the information is small.     

Sampling designs on stream networks using the pseudo-Bayesian approach

Monitoring stream networks through time provides important ecological information. The sampling design problem is to choose locations where measurements are taken so as to maximise information gathered about physicochemical and biological variables on the stream network. This paper uses a pseudo-Bayesian approach, averaging a utility function over a prior distribution, in finding a design which maximizes the average utility. We use models for correlations of observations on the stream network that are based on stream network distances and described by moving average error models. Utility functions used reflect the needs of the experimenter, such as prediction of location values or estimation of parameters. We propose an algorithmic approach to design with the mean utility of a design estimated using Monte Carlo techniques and an exchange algorithm to search for optimal sampling designs. In particular we focus on the problem of finding an optimal design from a set of fixed designs and finding an optimal subset of a given set of sampling locations. As there are many different variables to measure, such as chemical, physical and biological measurements at each location, designs are derived from models based on different types of response variables: continuous, counts and proportions. We apply the methodology to a synthetic example and the Lake Eacham stream network on the Atherton Tablelands in Queensland, Australia. We show that the optimal designs depend very much on the choice of utility function, varying from space filling to clustered designs and mixtures of these, but given the utility function, designs are relatively robust to the type of response variable.     

开发地理信息系统为环境管理服务

本文概要介绍了地理信息系统软件ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ的功能，分析了建立天津市环境信息系统ＧＩＳ子系统的环境完成了该系统分析及系统设计。     

生态城市建设与城市超循环体系的构建

生态城市的设计、建设和评价,应从人、社会、自然3个层次和城市的结构、功能、协调和目标4个方面来进行定位,最终达到完善结构、提升功能、增进协调、城市优美和谐的目标。城市超循环体系是生态城市社会结构的重要组成部分,城市超循环体系的具有企业、产业、城市、区域4个基本层次,其循环体系、模式、功能和目标均各不相同。生态城市建设与城市超循环体系构建具有在理念上的一致性、结构和功能上的嵌套性、目标和发展机制上的同一性,在更深层次上表现为城市或国家整体中不同民族、不同宗教、多元文化的生态意识在生态理念方面的协调性。     

松嫩盆地资源环境信息系统空间数据库的设计与开发

文章介绍了松嫩盆地资源环境信息系统空间数据库的设计思路，总体目标、构成及功能以及系统建立的关键技术。该系统的建立，使得对松嫩盆地资源开发管理和相关信息的查询、检索更方便，同时对松嫩盆地资源合理开发利用和管理决策提供了科学依据。     

日照阳光生态市建设框架

以“社会-经济-自然”复合生态系统理论为指导,通过系统辨识、系统模拟、系统分析和系统设计,找出了日照市社会经济发展的利导因子、限制因子和存在问题,弄清了复合生态系统的功能和过程,提出了日照市人口、资源、环境与产业的发展战略。     

Female and male serins (Serinus serinus) respond differently to derived song traits

We tested if male or female behavior towards manipulated song indicates intra- or inter-sexual selection of two characteristics of serin song that are extreme and evolutionarily derived in this species: high frequency and fast syllable rate. In a first experiment, we monitored vocal responses and attendance to song playbacks. Female behavior indicated a preference for high-frequency song and suggested an aggressive function for fast syllable rates, as fast songs inhibited vocal response. Males did not show discrimination of frequency or syllable rate with this experimental design. The second experiment used a simple approach/no approach design, and in this experiment, males showed stronger discrimination between stimuli than did females. Therefore, sex differences in discrimination appear not to result from differences in perceptual abilities but from differences in the context of stimulus presentation. The second experiment also supported a role of song frequency in female choice, as the effect of frequency was limited to females: males did not respond differently to song frequency and approached high-frequency songs less than females did. Results of this experiment also supported an aggressive function for fast syllable rates, as the effect of fast songs did extend to male behavior. Taken together, our results indicate that the high frequency and fast syllable rate of serin song cannot result from a single selection process: while high frequency may have evolved by inter-sexual selection, syllable rate provokes a pattern of response that is more consistent with intra-sexual selection.     

Modeling and optimization of Nile blue sulfate mineralization by heterogeneous fenton oxidation

Artificial neural network and response surface methodology have been used to develop a model for simulation and optimization of the removal of Nile blue sulfate by heterogeneous Fenton oxidation. Experimental data were used to train an artificial neural network model with linear transfer function at the output layer and a tangent sigmoid transfer function at the hidden layer. A Box–Behnken design was employed to assess the effects of input process parameters on the total organic carbon removal. First order kinetics and lumped kinetics models were used to describe the reaction; a high regression coefficient indicated that the latter fitted best. The formation of non-oxidizable compounds was shown by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.     

特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司环境景观设计构思

~~特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司环境景观设计构思@陈盛彬$湖南环境生物职业技术学院园林系!湖南衡阳421005 @陈景$湖南环境生物职业技术学院园林系!湖南衡阳421005 @谢振华$衡南县林业局!湖南衡阳421005~~~~~~     

岳阳市城市绿化树种的选择及配置模式研究

选择观赏价值高、抗逆性强、保健功能强、经济效益高同时具有丰富历史文化底蕴和地方特色的植物材料用于城市林业建设中,可显著提高城市园林绿化的科技含量和综合效益;在园林植物配置上,根据园林美学原则和功能性要求,进行混植、群植、丛植、对植和孤植等,在充分发挥树木的群体美和个体美的同时可显著提高配置模式的整体功能性．