共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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在实验室及中试条件下研究了臭氧-活性炭技术对石油微污染地下水的处理效果。通过石油类和高锰酸盐指数两个指标,考察了臭氧投加量、pH值、过滤速率等操作参数对污染物的去除效果。结果表明:臭氧投加量和活性炭过滤速率是最主要的影响因素,pH值对处理效果影响不显著。中试条件下适宜的臭氧投加量应为8mg/L左右,最佳过滤速率在10m/h附近。采用臭氧氧化与活性炭过滤组合工艺,当进水石油类浓度在1.5mg/L以下时,出水石油类低于0.3mg/L,高锰酸盐指数低于3.0mg/L。 相似文献
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对己内酰胺生产过程废水的回用处理工艺进行了研究。以某己内酰胺化工厂的LUCAS出水作为研究对象,采用膜生物反应器和反渗透膜处理工艺,研究此系统对己内酰胺废水的处理效果。试验结果表明,膜生物反应器工艺适用于该化工厂的生产废水,出水COD平均值为31.33mg/L,平均浊度为0.2NTU,氨氮平均值为2.81mg/L,可以满足反渗透膜的进水要求。在浓缩倍数为3时,反渗透膜系统运行稳定,且产水可以满足化工部循环冷却水用再生水水质标准。 相似文献
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为解决水资源紧缺问题,提高工业水资源的利用率,减少污水排放,采用臭氧催化氧化—活性炭吸附—石灰软化的工艺组合,深度处理炼油厂中二级处理达标排放的污水,探讨最佳工艺参数的选择,进行二级出水回用于循环冷却水的试验研究。试验表明:在臭氧氧化接触时间为40min,活性炭柱吸附通水流量为2L/h,石灰乳投加量0.32g/L、碳酸钠溶液0.06~0.10g/L、石灰软化搅拌15~20min,能使整套工艺达到最佳处理效果。小试阶段COD、氨氮、总硬度及总碱度的去除率分别达到96.00%、44.49%、64.61%、67.85%,硫酸根和氯离子均有所下降,通过整套工艺深度处理后,所得中水可作为循环冷却系统补充水。 相似文献
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张志敏 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2012,(5):39-41
将某电镀废水原水按水质分类,分别进行沉淀、氧化等预处理,然后综合进行中和、生物接触氧化、沉淀等工艺,出水水质指标达到地方污水排放标准,对部分出水进行砂滤、活性炭吸附、膜过滤处理等深度处理后达到回用要求。结果表明,该方法对中小企业处理含氰及多种重金属的电镀废水是经济、可行的。 相似文献
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Fayza A. Nasr Hala S. Doma Hisham S. Abdel-Halim Saber A. El-Shafai 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(2):275-286
Treatment of chemical industrial wastewater from building and construction chemicals factory and plastic shoes manufacturing
factory was investigated. The two factories discharge their wastewater into the public sewerage network. The results showed
the wastewater discharged from the building and construction chemicals factory was highly contaminated with organic compounds.
The average values of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were 2912 and 150 mgO2/l. Phenol concentration up to 0.3 mg/l was detected. Chemical treatment using lime aided with ferric chloride proved to be
effective and produced an effluent characteristics in compliance with Egyptian permissible limits. With respect to the other
factory, industrial wastewater was mixed with domestic wastewater in order to lower the organic load. The COD, BOD values
after mixing reached 5239 and 2615 mgO2/l. The average concentration of phenol was 0.5 mg/l. Biological treatment using activated sludge or rotating biological contactor
(RBC) proved to be an effective treatment system in terms of producing an effluent characteristic within the permissible limits
set by the law. Therefore, the characteristics of chemical industrial wastewater determine which treatment system to utilize.
Based on laboratory results engineering design of each treatment system was developed and cost estimate prepared. 相似文献
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活性炭膜处理工业废水的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将活性炭膜与常规弹性材料同时作为生物接触氧化处理工艺的填料,分别加装在相同条件的两套接触氧化池中,采用生物接触氧化处理工艺,在同样的条件下处理工业废水,经过对试验数据的对比分析得出:以活性炭膜为填料,处理废水的能力更强,净化效果更好。 相似文献
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This paper presents industrial experience of process identification, monitoring, and control in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. The objectives of this study were (1) to apply and compare different process-identification methods of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) autotuning for stable dissolved oxygen (DO) control, (2) to implement a process monitoring method that estimates the respiration rate simultaneously during the process-identification step, and (3) to propose a simple set-point decision algorithm for determining the appropriate set point of the DO controller for optimal operation of the aeration basin. The proposed method was evaluated in the industrial wastewater treatment facility of an iron- and steel-making plant. Among the process-identification methods, the control signal of the controller's set-point change was best for identifying low-frequency information and enhancing the robustness to low-frequency disturbances. Combined automatic control and set-point decision method reduced the total electricity consumption by 5% and the electricity cost by 15% compared to the fixed gain PID controller, when considering only the surface aerators. Moreover, as a result of improved control performance, the fluctuation of effluent quality decreased and overall effluent water quality was better. 相似文献
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Use of artificial neural network black-box modeling for the prediction of wastewater treatment plants performance 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A reliable model for any wastewater treatment plant is essential in order to provide a tool for predicting its performance and to form a basis for controlling the operation of the process. This would minimize the operation costs and assess the stability of environmental balance. This process is complex and attains a high degree of nonlinearity due to the presence of bio-organic constituents that are difficult to model using mechanistic approaches. Predicting the plant operational parameters using conventional experimental techniques is also a time consuming step and is an obstacle in the way of efficient control of such processes. In this work, an artificial neural network (ANN) black-box modeling approach was used to acquire the knowledge base of a real wastewater plant and then used as a process model. The study signifies that the ANNs are capable of capturing the plant operation characteristics with a good degree of accuracy. A computer model is developed that incorporates the trained ANN plant model. The developed program is implemented and validated using plant-scale data obtained from a local wastewater treatment plant, namely the Doha West wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). It is used as a valuable performance assessment tool for plant operators and decision makers. The ANN model provided accurate predictions of the effluent stream, in terms of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) when using COD as an input in the crude supply stream. It can be said that the ANN predictions based on three crude supply inputs together, namely BOD, COD and TSS, resulted in better ANN predictions when using only one crude supply input. Graphical user interface representation of the ANN for the Doha West WWTP data is performed and presented. 相似文献
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Contribution of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents to Nutrient Dynamics in Aquatic Systems: A Review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Excessive nutrient loading (considering nitrogen and phosphorus) is a major ongoing threat to water quality and here we review
the impact of nutrient discharges from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to United States (U.S.) freshwater systems. While
urban and agricultural land uses are significant nonpoint nutrient contributors, effluent from point sources such as WWTPs
can overwhelm receiving waters, effectively dominating hydrological characteristics and regulating instream nutrient processes.
Population growth, increased wastewater volumes, and sustainability of critical water resources have all been key factors
influencing the extent of wastewater treatment. Reducing nutrient concentrations in wastewater is an important aspect of water
quality management because excessive nutrient concentrations often prevent water bodies from meeting designated uses. WWTPs
employ numerous physical, chemical, and biological methods to improve effluent water quality but nutrient removal requires
advanced treatment and infrastructure that may be economically prohibitive. Therefore, effluent nutrient concentrations vary
depending on the particular processes used to treat influent wastewater. Increasingly stringent regulations regarding nutrient
concentrations in discharged effluent, along with greater freshwater demand in populous areas, have led to the development
of extensive water recycling programs within many U.S. regions. Reuse programs provide an opportunity to reduce or eliminate
direct nutrient discharges to receiving waters while allowing for the beneficial use of reclaimed water. However, nutrients
in reclaimed water can still be a concern for reuse applications, such as agricultural and landscape irrigation. 相似文献
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Sekaran G Ramani K Ganesh Kumar A Ravindran B John Kennedy L Gnanamani A 《Journal of environmental management》2007,84(2):123-133
Domestic wastewater contains a considerable amount of pathogenic organisms besides non-biodegradable organics. The conventional technologies followed for the treatment of domestic wastewater are less efficient in removing pathogenic organisms despite substantial removal of dissolved organics. The focal theme of the present investigation was to use a chemo-autotrophic activated carbon oxidation (CAACO) system, an immobilized cell reactor using chemoautotrophs (Bacillus sp.) for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The oxidation of organics and Escherichia coli in wastewater is controlled by the parameters space time, O(2)/COD, bed height and cod loading. The scheme comprised of anaerobic treatment, sand filtration and CAACO treatment removed BOD. COD, Total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved protein, total Kjeldhal nitrogen (TKN) and bacterial count (most probable number (MPN)) by 81%, 92%, 84%, 94%, 93% and 99.9997%, respectively. The low concentration of E. coli in the CAACO-treated wastewater was completely eliminated through UV irradiation in 3 min at 254 nm. 相似文献
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Omprakash Sahu 《环境质量管理》2019,29(1):113-123
Industrialization plays a major role in a nation's growth. However, with an increase in industrial activities, pollution levels are also increasing. Among all industries, the sugar‐processing industry is one that requires large amounts of water to process the sugar, and, consequently, it discharges large amounts of water as effluent. Highly polluted wastewater brings changes to the physicochemical characteristics of the surrounding environment. Iron compounds have had a significant impact when they are used in wastewater treatment in various applications, including when they are used to minimize the pollution levels in sugar industry wastewater (SIWW). To minimize the pollutant levels from SIWW, iron compounds have been key for uses in treatments involving chemical and electro‐oxidation. Two different methodologies of electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation have been used to treat SIWW. In electrocoagulation, an iron plate is used as an electrode material under specific operating conditions. Ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride have been used as chemical coagulants at various pH and mass loading levels. The use of iron metals shows an 82% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and an 84% reduction in color at the optimum condition of pH 6, an electrode distance of 20 millimeters, and a current density of 156 square centimeters. As a chemical coagulant, iron salt (ferrous sulfate) provides a reduction of 77% COD and a 91% reduction of color at pH 6 and a 40‐millimole mass loading. Electrochemical treatment using iron was found to be suitable to treat SIWW. The sludge generated after treatment can be burned or composted with the possible recovery of some of the treatment costs. 相似文献