我国渔港发展现状及等级划分

论述了渔港在我国渔业发展中的重要地位及作用,分析了黄渤海海区、东海海区和南海海区三个海区的水域面积、锚地面积、鱼市场面积、年进出港船数、水产品年加工量、水产品年卸港量、本港总船数、外港总船数共9个定量指标和各海区渔业资源状况及管理水平状况等定性指标,探讨了我国渔港发展现状,并对我国渔港等级划分标准提出了一些参考性意见,认为全国渔港的等级以海区为中心进行评估更显科学性、合理性,更符合各海区及各渔港的发展状况,有利于渔港管理部门有针对性地对渔港进行发展战略上的管理。     

渔港灰色聚类评估

渔港评估由于信息不完全，关系不明确，可视为一灰色系统。采用灰色聚类方法建立高、中、低3个白化权函数及聚类权系数，判断各个渔港所属灰类。渔港灰色聚类评估法是一种新的渔港等级评定方法，该方法所得渔港评估结果与实际情况基本一致，可供渔港管理部门进行渔港等级评估时参考。     

我国渔港经济区发展现状、问题及对策探讨

发展渔港经济区对调整渔业产业结构，促进渔业增效和渔民增收，激活渔区经济，加快海洋经济步伐，全面建设小康社会具有重要的意义。对我国渔港经济区的发展现状、特点进行了梳理，在分析目前存在问题的基础上，提出了建设渔港经济区的相关建议，以期对相关决策部门制定战略提供有益参考。     

浙东大渔港,太阳能让农村垃圾资源化

随着农村日产生活垃圾量的增长,一些垃圾填埋场不堪负重,部分偏远山区、海岛的村庄受地域限制,日常生活垃圾处理成本较高,导致村庄垃圾收集外运处理状况不佳,影响农村生态环境。为实现农村从“末端处理”向“减量化、资源化、无害化”处理转型,改善农村生产生活环境,创新生活垃圾处理方式势在必行。     

文化生态保护区理论溯源与研究述评

在分析文化生态保护区理论来源的基础上,综述了文化生态保护区理论和实践研究现状.结果发现,国内外对文化生态保护区的理论研究主要是建立文化生态学的概念体系,实践研究主要是通过建立"生态博物馆"进行文化生态保护.我国在文化生态保护区的理论探讨和实际建设方面与国外有着较大差距,还处于起步阶段,需要从基础理论、现有经验总结、非物质文化遗产保护、资源开发利用等方面做进一步的研究.     

黄山市旅游空间发展战略研究

在分析国内外区域旅游空间结构研究的基础上,探讨了黄山市旅游空间结构演变过程及发展战略.阐述了黄山市旅游空间结构在不同阶段的演变形态和特征,并以"点-轴"理论和旅游地屏蔽理论为基础,确定黄山市旅游重点发展点和发展轴,构筑了黄山市旅游空间发展模式,以实现旅游业的持续发展.     

解决我国人口问题的探讨"两种生产"理论与可持续发展战略之比较

长期以来,在"两种生产"理论指导下,我国计划生育工作取得举世瞩目的成就.但"两种生产"理论的不足之处却随着经济社会的发展日益显露.可持续发展观则避免了这种不足.它不仅涵盖人口与经济的关系,而且要求在前者适应后者的同时必须考虑资源和环境的承受能力.最近中央提出的科学发展观更赋予可持续发展丰富而深刻的内涵.     

农业循环经济的理论与实践

发展农业循环经济是解决我国"三农"问题的有效途径.本文首先从农业可持续发展观的形成、农业循环经济的理论基础、农业循环经济的主要内容三方面对农业循环经济的基本理论进行论述.然后,对秦皇岛市农业生产存在的问题进行了分析.最后,提出了秦皇岛市发展农业循环经济的对策.     

平利县"两山"转化实践探索研究

陕西省平利县地处秦巴生物多样性保护与水源涵养功能区,生态环境良好,近年来扎实践行"两山"理论,形成了"两山"转化的"平利模式",为陕南秦巴山区乃至全国"两山"实践提供了有益借鉴.为进一步提升平利县"两山"实践创新水平,对其"两山"转化实践进行了全面梳理总结.     

基于推-拉理论的旅沪入境游客旅游动机研究

依据第一手随机抽样调查数据,借助推-拉理论,运用因子分析法,实证研究了旅沪入境游客的旅游动机.从9个推力因素中提取出"追求休闲"、"附带出游"和"新奇与刺激" 3个推力公因子;从9个拉力因素中提取出"景观与特色"和"服务与环境"2个拉力公因子.研究表明,"追求休闲"是旅沪入境游客出游最主要的推力因子,"景观与特色"是上海市拉动游客前来旅游的最主要的拉力因子.在此分析的基础上,提出了针对性的旅游产品开发和市场开发策略,旨在为上海市入境旅游业的发展壮大和产业提升提供借鉴.     

Understanding Anglers’ Preferences for Fishing Tournament Characteristics and Policies

Saltwater fishing tournaments in the United States are generally not regulated nor are there different fishing regulations for tournament and nontournament anglers. Although much is known about those who participate in fishing tournaments in terms of their fishing motivations, attitudes, and characteristics, much less is known at the angler population level regarding their preferences for tournament opportunities. Using a stated preference choice model with hypothetical scenarios to simulate participation choices and understand preferences, study objectives were to identify angler preferences for various types of tournament fishing “products.” Four tournament policy characteristics were investigated: promotion of catch and release, bait restrictions, whether a percentage of the tournament entrance fee should go to support fishery management activities, and whether a tournament should be a nonprofit or profit-making venture. Three expectation attributes were inserted: tournament size, trip cost per day, and whether a tournament is family friendly. We sent seven different versions of the mail questionnaire to 1,633 anglers. Of 795 returns, 648 were used for estimating conditional logit models. Analysis indicated that a scenario with no management interventions was not most preferred. Anglers most preferred a conservation-oriented option that introduced additional management measures. Overall, scenarios with management interventions were more favored than the status quo situation (with no management interventions). Although respondents showed reluctance to adopt other management-related options, results generally indicated they were increasingly concerned with sustainability of fish stocks and potential conflicts between tournament and nontournament users and preferred tournament products that reflect these concerns.     

Acidification and recreational fisheries in Finland: A mail survey of potential impacts

In Finland, small forest lakes and rivers in the northern part of the country are more sensitive to acidic deposition than other Finnish waters. In some lakes, acid-sensitive fish populations have declined. A nationwide survey of fishers showed that, at present, the number of fishers whose primary fishing waters are affected by airborne acidification is negligible compared to the estimated total number of adult fishers (1.1 million). The proportion of the fishers who mainly fish in water types sensitive to airborne acidification is considerable, 3% for the rivers in northern Finland and 21% for small forest lakes. There is general concern among fishers about the effects of acidification. Changes in the fishing waters are attributed to acidification by 5–10% of the fishers, although in most cases other information about the fishing waters rules out acidification as an explanation for the changes. Among those who fish in sensitive types of waters, a willingness to mitigate potential damages was reported by approximately one third of all fishers. Clear differences in the willingness to rehabilitate the fishery were observed in relation to the importance of fishing as a spare time activity and the distance between the fishing waters and a home or summer cottage.     

The digital frontiers of fisheries governance: fish attraction devices,drones and satellites

ABSTRACT

High seas fisheries remain one of the least transparent global production practices. Distance from shore, coupled with the highly mobile nature of fish stocks, has put attention on new monitoring, control and surveillance technologies to collect spatially referenced data on the location of fishing vessels, gears and even fish stocks and eradicate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing activity. Faced with their nascent implementation, research is yet to address how these technologies are reconfiguring the roles and responsibilities of public and private actors involved in fisheries management, including who collects and controls fisheries related information. In this paper, we compare three monitoring, control and surveillance technologies that are gaining traction in fisheries; the use of private fish attraction devices in oceanic tuna fisheries, unmanned public drones for marine surveillance and global satellite monitoring of fishing vessels. In doing so, we question how different configurations of actors are structuring flows of information and with what effect on sustainability performance of high seas fisheries. We also explore how these technologies configure new (and imagined) geographies of high seas fisheries which challenge existing modes of fisheries management.     

A framework for understanding the consumptive orientation of recreational fishermen

Fishermen were aggregated into high-, mid-, and low-consumptive groups according to the importance they placed on catching fish. Analysis of variance indicated that each consumptive group was unique in the importance it placed on other fish-related variables. Low-consumptive fishermen rated most other aspects of the fishing experience, such as interacting with nature, relaxation, and escaping the daily routine, more important than did high-consumptive fishermen. Low-consumptive fishermen also fished more frequently and were generally more satisfied with their most recent fishing trip than were high-consumptive-oriented fishermen. The three groups can be viewed as different fishing constituencies. By understanding their characteristics, we can gain additional insights into the impacts of management decisions on recreational fishermen and their experiences.     

《物权法》为什么没有规定渔业环境权?

渔业环境权是渔业权人在得到许可的渔业水域从事养殖、捕捞等生产活动时所拥有的保护渔业水域环境的权利。根据物权理论，渔业环境权是一种基于国家对渔业水域的所有权上派生的用益物权，是《物权法》中养殖权和捕捞权的构成要件，它同养殖或捕捞水生动（植）物的所有权、对得到许可的水域（水体）的占有或使用权一起，构成完整的养殖权或捕捞权。这就是现行法律制度没有规定独立的渔业环境权的原因。     

港口物流发展与城市经济增长关系的实证研究——以大连市为例

港口物流发展与经济增长之间存在着密切关系。运用1992--2010年大连市港口吞吐量和C-DP的数据，通过协整分析和Granger因果关系检验法，从实证角度研究了大连市港口物流发展与经济增长之间的动态相关性和因果关系。结果显示，大连市港口物流发展与经济增长之间存在长期稳定的均衡关系，但短期存在失衡关系，短期失衡向长期均衡回归的速度达1．7832；长期内港口物流发展对经济增长的弹性为0．3122，短期则为0．054；港口物流发展与经济增长之间存在单向因果关系，即港口物流发展是促进经济增长的Granger成因，反之则不成立。     

The decline of a regional fishing nation: The case of Ghana and West Africa

Inadequate trade policies, globalization of the fishing industry, dominance of Europe's distant water fleets, declarations of exclusive economic zones (EEZs) by neighbouring West African nations, overfishing and a lack of good governance contributed to the decline of Ghana as a regional fishing nation, a position it had held since the 18^th century. The prohibitive cost of access arrangements limited Ghana's access to distant waters. The country's marine environments have been impacted by overexploitation of stocks and the use of destructive methods. Subsistence fishing has become the sole means of survival for many fishers. The decline of the fishing sector has limited the country's ability to meet domestic demand and threatened the economic and food security of many Ghanaians. The article traces the early history of Ghana's fisheries, their gradual decline during the last four decades, and outlines recommendations for policy changes to address the situation and steer the nation on a course towards sustainable fisheries.     

营口市港城经济关联度研究

港口是城市经济发展的核心资源,城市为港口经济发展提供支撑.以营口市为研究对象,应用灰色关联度模型,对营口市1995-2009年以来城市相关产业与港口吞吐量进行关联度分析,其结论为:港口经济与城市工业、建筑业关联度较高,批发零售业、金融保险业关联度相对较低;在城市经济的促进下,港口临港工业正在形成,但是港口经济对城市服务业带动较小.