共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 240 毫秒
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概述了目前国内外石油污染土壤常用的修复技术及其研究进展,综述了物理修复、化学修复,特别是生物修复技术的优越性,并针对国内外石油污染土壤修复技术研发和实际应用过程中存在的问题,提出加强研发污染土壤综合修复技术、完善修复工程设计、加大新型功能材料的开发和应用力度、加强分子生态学技术在污染土壤修复中的应用4项建议。 相似文献
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轻质油污染土壤的原位修复技术现场试验 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
石油烃污染土壤具有生态风险高、治理难度大、治理成本高等特点,技术经济性优异的原位修复方法及装备开发已成为现阶段石油环境工程领域的研究热点.文章针对汽油、柴油等轻质油品(Light Petroleum-Hydrocarbons,LPHs)污染的土壤,设计出1套复合了土壤真空抽吸(Soil Vacuum Extraction,SVE)与生物通风(Bioventing,BV)功能的撬装式原位修复技术设备样机,并对某轻质油污染土壤进行了现场修复试验.在6个月的修复周期内,现场土壤中平均VOCs浓度由823.7 mg/L降至51.0 mg/L,修复效率平均达到80%以上,可为我国规模化实施LPHs污染土壤修复提供技术支持和应用依据. 相似文献
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当前,土壤重金属污染问题已成为了备受国内外关注的环境问题之一.相比于传统单一生物炭,生物炭复合材料具有循环利用性能更佳、吸附能力更强、修复选择性更广等优点,是一种稳定的、应用前景广的土壤重金属污染修复材料.系统性地综述了目前国内外生物炭改性优化方法以及吸附重金属相关机理,讨论了生物炭应用于土壤污染修复领域存在的潜在环境... 相似文献
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通过对秦皇岛地区土壤环境中六六六残留量的调查监测,分析了秦皇岛地区土壤六六六污染现状和危害。建议应加强农药规范化管理,制定土壤生物修复计划,大力开发生物和物理防治技术以降低土壤环境中的六六六残留量,减少对人类和生物的影响。 相似文献
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农药的大量使用污染了大气、水体及生态系统。有机农药以直接施用、拌种、喷撒、随降水落入等方式进入土壤。农药在土壤中会以吸附、扩散稀释和降解等几种方式发生转化,并改变土壤结构、对土壤中生物的生存及酶的活性产生影响。生物修复技术可以通过动植物、微生物及根际环境对农药污染的降解来治理土壤中的农药,是治理农药污染的一种推荐方法。 相似文献
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城区富营养化景观水体的生物修复技术 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9
生物修复技术在富营养化景观水体中有其独特的应用价值,本文综述了生物操纵控藻技术、植物控藻技术和微生物控藻技术的研究现状,讨论和展望了不同生物修复技术相互结合在水体修复中的作用. 相似文献
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Annexing Marginal Soils for Agricultural Cultivation Using an Organic Source of Fertilizer as a Bioremediation Treatment Option 下载免费PDF全文
This study was carried out to ascertain the practicability of using bioremediated, engine‐oil‐impacted soil for crop cultivation. In this study, bioremediation by land farming and nutrient enhancement was used to treat contaminated soils. In the laboratory, soil samples were homogenized, analyzed, and placed into several reactor vessels including a substrate of poultry droppings and cow dung in various ratios to the contaminated soil. During the first phase of the investigation, contaminated soil without treatment served as a control. The soil matrix was homogenized on a weekly basis, and samples were drawn during the third, fifth, eighth, tenth, and fifteenth weeks for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) reduction and nutrients analysis. The initial concentrations of TPH were diluted upon the addition of the poultry litter and cow dung substrate. Results obtained during the experiment indicate that the amount of nutrients generally decreased as the weeks progressed, and the TPH degradation ranged from 78.27% to 61.84% in the reactor vessels. There was no significant difference (p < .05) in TPH degradation based on the substrate quantities, whereas the TPH reductions in the soil amended with the animal wastes were significantly different from the control sample (soil not amended with animal wastes). In the planting phase, uncontaminated, loamy soil was used as a control (the planting phase control), and the results show that maize planted on the treated soil germinated with no significant difference (p < .05) in the number of leaves and plant heights between the treated samples and the control sample (uncontaminated loamy soil). Analysis of field‐scale animal waste requirements for hypothetical TPH contaminated soil covering a certain area shows that inorganic fertilizer application requires lesser quantities with lower costs than using poultry litter and cow dung to supply nutrients to support bioremediation. The study concludes that bioremediation for agricultural purpose is feasible, but it can be better implemented if the astronomical quantities of substrates required for field‐scale utilization can be surmounted. 相似文献
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S. Claassens L. Van Rensburg K. J. Riedel J. J. Bezuidenhout P. J. Jansen Van Rensburg 《The Environmentalist》2006,26(1):51-62
Summary Bioremediation has become an important method for the treatment of terrestrial oil spills and is often favoured over strictly
physical-chemical methods. In this study, enzymatic analyses and signature lipid biomarkers were employed to evaluate the
efficacy of selected bioremediation products on control and oil contaminated soil plots. It is envisioned that these biological
indicators may be used as possible adjuncts to the strictly physical-chemical criteria most commonly employed. The application
of the enzymatic and signature biomarker methods for product evaluation proved successful. The enzymatic assays provided a
valuable insight into shifts in the functional diversity of the soil microbial communities resultant from the various treatments.
Stimulation or inhibition of the microbial communities as a result of the various treatments was also demonstrated, particularly
with regards to dehydrogenase activity. Phospholipid fatty acid profiles proved sufficiently sensitive to allow differentiation
between products and resultant microbial communities that corresponded to satisfactory and unsatisfactory petroleum hydrocarbon
removal. 相似文献
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石油污染土壤原位生物修复的强化实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为研究添加营养物质和高效降解石油微生物对油污土壤生物修复的作用,通过分层土柱的方法,连续监测了不同条件下不同土层的含水率、石油烃含量、细菌数量及脱氢酶活性。结果表明:添加营养物质同时接种高效微生物可使降解效果明显改善,降解率比在自然条件下提高近50%,而单纯添加营养物质不接种高效微生物可使降解率比在自然条件下提高约25%。降解初期,上层土壤降解效果较好,而到中后期,中下层降解效果好于上层。微生物数量和脱氢酶活性与石油降解率之间存在良好的相关性,脱氢酶活性比微生物数量更能反映修复过程中微生物的存活状态。添加营养物质和高效降解石油微生物对油污土壤原位生物修复具有强化作用。 相似文献