共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 421 毫秒
1.
2.
通过室内模拟试验,在渗滤液回灌的厌氧填埋柱基本进入稳定状态后,改用准好氧运行方式。同时监测了渗滤液中有机物浓度以压温度、pH值的变化。改变模拟垃圾柱的运行方式两个月以后。氨氯浓度由2000mg/L迅速下降至101.48mg/L,试验结果显示,准好氧运行方式可以解决生物反应器填埋场进入稳定阶段后存在的氨氮浓度高的问题,加速填埋场的稳定。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
本文对填埋场渗滤液产生和运移的水力学特性的研究成果进行了总结,建立在填埋垃圾均质各向同性假设基础上的渗滤液运移模型不能满足日后生物反应器填埋场渗滤液回灌系统的设计和操作运行需要,基于填埋垃圾非均质各向异性的填埋场水力学特性将是今后研究的重点。 相似文献
6.
采用竖式SBR作为反应器,利用城市污水处理厂剩余污泥作为接种污泥,通过不间断运行培养出好氧颗粒污泥。实验结果表明,采用非限量曝气模式好氧颗粒污泥降解模拟污水的效果较好,其COD去除率可达98%以上。曝气量对好氧颗粒污泥的形成和稳定具有重要影响,当气速为26.5m/h时,好氧颗粒污泥的性状和处理有机废水效果最佳。同时好氧颗粒污泥对pH值的变化不明显,当pH为5—8范围内,其COD去除率都可达到85%以上。但是未经驯化的好氧颗粒污泥对对硝基苯酚和对氯苯酚两种芳香类有机物较敏感,而对硝基苯酚对其毒性更大。当对硝基苯酚和。对氯苯酚浓度为10mg/L时,其COD去除率仅为42.5%和52%。 相似文献
7.
碱度、氨氮负荷和COD对独立硝化的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用自制好氧装置进行硝化试验,考察碱度、氨氮负荷和COD对以硝化菌群为优势菌群的独立硝化的影响。试验结果表明:污水的碱度太低引起pH下降将导致硝化反应不能进行甚至停止;氨氮负荷影响硝化速率,氨氮浓度低将使硝化菌受底物限制影响硝化速率,氨氮浓度过高则对硝化菌有毒害作用;污水的COD对硝化菌在一定程度上产生抑制作用,COD越高抑制作用时间越长。 相似文献
8.
9.
《环境保护与循环经济》2015,(12)
通过实验研究全程生物组合工艺"缺氧SBR-UASB-好氧SBR"处理沈阳市老虎冲填埋场高COD、高氨氮、低B/C晚期垃圾渗滤液的可行性。保证3 L/d进水量,在500%回流比下联合成功启动反应器。通过调整最佳工艺参数,该组合工艺出水COD,氨氮分别为80 mg/L和10 mg/L,达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准(GB 16889-2008)》一级排放水质要求。 相似文献
10.
11.
准好氧填埋早期渗滤液特征浅析 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
本文基于室内垃圾模拟柱试验,分析了准好氧填埋早期垃圾渗滤液的产生过程及垃圾降解的机理,得出了启动期内垃圾渗滤液产量的变化趋势,总结出准好氧结构的部分优点,并针对早期准好氧渗滤液产量的特点作了相应的讨论。 相似文献
12.
基于多孔介质渗流力学和热力学理论,从填埋场内非等温的角度,理论上分析了场内垃圾含水率的分布与温度变化之间相互作用的机理,建立了垃圾填埋场内水分运移过程的双场耦合模型(三维),并提出模型的求解方法。为研究填埋场内水分的时空分布规律提供理论依据。 相似文献
13.
Site selection is an important and necessary issue for waste management in fast-growing regions. Because of the complexity of waste management systems, the selection of the appropriate solid waste landfill site requires consideration of multiple alternative solutions and evaluation criteria. Based on actual conditions of the study area, we considered economic factors, calculated criteria weights using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and built a hierarchy model for solving the solid waste landfill site-selection problem in Beijing, China. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to manipulate and present spatial data. All maps are graded from 1 (lowest suitability) to 5 (highest suitability) using spatial information technologies. The candidate sites were determined by aggregation based on the criteria weights. The candidate sites are divided by ‘best’, ‘good’ and ‘unsuitable’ landfill areas. Best landfill areas represent optimal sites; good landfill areas can be used as back-up candidate sites. Our work offers a siting methodology and provides essential support for decision-makers in the assessment of waste management problems in Beijing and other rapidly developing cities in developing countries. 相似文献
14.
Odour-impact assessment around a landfill site from weather-type classification, complaint inventory and numerical simulation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chemel C Riesenmey C Batton-Hubert M Vaillant H 《Journal of environmental management》2012,93(1):85-94
Gases released from landfill sites into the atmosphere have the potential to cause olfactory nuisances within the surrounding communities. Landfill sites are often located over complex topography for convenience mainly related to waste disposal and environmental masking. Dispersion of odours is strongly conditioned by local atmospheric dynamics. Assessment of odour impacts needs to take into account the variability of local atmospheric dynamics. In this study, we discuss a method to assess odour impacts around a landfill site located over complex terrain in order to provide information to be used subsequently to identify management strategies to reduce olfactory nuisances in the residential neighbourhoods. A weather-type classification is defined in order to identify meteorological conditions under which olfactory nuisances are to be expected. A non-steady state Gaussian model and a full-physics meteorological model are used to predict olfactory nuisances, for both the winter and summer scenarios that lead to the majority of complaints in neighbourhoods surrounding the landfill site. Simulating representative scenarios rather than full years make a high resolution simulation of local atmospheric dynamics in space and time possible. Results underline the key role of local atmospheric dynamics in driving the dispersion of odours. The odour concentration simulated by the full-physics meteorological model is combined with the density of the population in order to calculate an average population exposure for the two scenarios. Results of this study are expected to provide helpful information to develop technical solutions for an effective management of landfill operations, which would reduce odour impacts within the surrounding communities. 相似文献
15.
Platinum is increasingly used intentionally and non-intentionally in several applications. This has raised the concern about its future resources, emissions and losses during its life cycle. On the one hand, increasing platinum emissions might affect human health. On the other hand, the accumulated platinum in mineral waste, soil, landfill sites and construction materials as a result of the emissions, losses and the utilization of secondary materials can be seen as potential resources for platinum. This paper is aimed at (1) analyzing the long term impacts of the use of platinum intentionally and non-intentionally on its future demand and supply, release to the environment and accumulation in mineral waste, soil, landfill sites and construction materials and (2) quantifying the amount of platinum in secondary materials that would be available for platinum future supply. The analysis is carried out on a global level using a system dynamic model of platinum intentional and non-intentional flows and stocks. The analysis is based on four scenarios for the introduction of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). The results show that platinum demand is increasing overtime in all scenarios at different rates and its identified resources are expected to deplete before the end of the century with or without the introduction of FCVs. The release of platinum to the environment and the accumulation in soil are expected to decrease when conventional ICE vehicles is replaced by FCVs. The amount of platinum accumulated in mineral waste, soil, landfill sites and construction materials by the time platinum is depleted are more than double its identified resources and would be potential resources for platinum that are available in different parts of the world. The methodology presented in this paper can be used in the assessment of other technologies and other metals. 相似文献
16.
Fiona Nunan 《Local Environment》1996,1(2):165-181
The problems encountered when seeking suitable locations for landfill sites often include public concern over the potential visual, health and environmental impacts. There have been many attempts to predict the response of residents in an area to a proposed landfill site and suggestions of ways to adequately consult and include the local population in the decision-making process. An alternative approach is described in this article where the residents living in the vicinity of a landfill site in Bangkok were asked how much they would be willing to pay for the landfill site to be closed and the waste taken out of the city. The method used, the contingent valuation method, can provide information on how much people value environmental goods and services. The use of the technique in this instance provided an estimate of the costs of the disamenity effects of the landfill site to the local residents. 相似文献
17.
基于BP神经网络的垃圾堆放场稳定化程度的综合判别 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析和判别垃圾堆放场的稳定化程度直接关系到是否需要采取加快稳定化进程,缩短垃圾堆放场的稳定化周期以及是否需要采取措施减少它们对环境的不利影响。本文根据我国垃圾堆放场的具体情况,提出稳定化程度的判别评价指标体系,并且确定稳定化程度的判别标准,运用BP神经网络建立垃圾堆放场稳定化程度的综合判别模型。以三峡库区的一个小型垃圾堆放场为例,采用本文所提出的综合评价模型确定它的稳定化程度,演示模型的运行过程,并为三峡库区的环境保护提供帮助。 相似文献
18.
A generic comparison of the airborne risks to human health from landfill and incinerator disposal of municipal solid waste 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A comparison of the potential risks to human health from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration and landfill on a generic basis is attempted. For this purpose a 'worst case' approach is adopted and a number of assumptions regarding the size and activities of each waste disposal method are made. The airborne pollutants measured for an incinerator are different from those for a landfill with or without gas collection. However, based on the available information it appears that as far as airborne pollution is concerned, landfill sites without gas collection pose a potentially higher generic risk to human health than MSW incinerators performing to Environmental Agency (UK) standards. This analysis cannot be used to replace specific evaluations for a particular incinerator or a landfill site because local conditions can have a very large impact on the magnitude of risks involved. 相似文献
19.
20.
芦会杰 《环境保护与循环经济》2020,40(1):69-72
生活垃圾的处置一直以填埋为主,垃圾填埋承载着巨大的环境压力,尤其是垃圾填埋产生的渗滤液会对地下水造成砷、汞污染。为了解北京市生活垃圾填埋场地下水砷、汞污染水平,在北京市5座生活垃圾填埋场布设采样点,采集36个地下水样品,采用氢化物发生-原子荧光法,分析了地下水砷、汞含量特征。结果表明,36个地下水样品砷浓度范围0.41~4.82μg/L,汞浓度范围0.024~0.121μg/L,北京市典型垃圾填埋场地下水样品不存在砷、汞污染问题。 相似文献