不同土壤腐蚀性评价方法对接地网腐蚀判断的比较及差异性分析

采用多项指标综合评价法和埋片失重法分别对变电站土壤进行腐蚀性评价，比较评价结果并分析产生差异的原因；对不同性质的土壤选择适当的土壤腐蚀性评价方法提出指导性建议。     

一种土壤腐蚀性评价方法的研究

提供一种简便、实用的土壤腐蚀性评价方法，以解决因土壤中存在砂石阻隔电子的移动，使电阻率及氧化还原电位测量出现较大偏差，从而影响土壤腐蚀性评价的技术问题。结合甘肃地区4个750 kV变电站的现场检测实例表明，采用本方法所得土壤腐蚀性结果与现场腐蚀速率测试结果相吻合，验证了该评价方法的效果。     

腐蚀性空气环境的分级及检测方法

介绍了国外有关腐蚀性空气环境的分级标准及其检测方法。环境中的腐蚀性气体可对电子元器件及自动控制设备产生腐蚀，影响其性能。根据腐蚀性的严重程度，美国仪器学会标准中将腐蚀性空气环境分为四级。环境腐蚀性置于腐蚀性环境中的铜试条进行检测。     

燃料乙醇行业环境污染控制评价指标体系的构建

在分析我国燃料乙醇行业基本信息的基础上，根据其原料特性、生产规模、生产技术、污染控制措施、环境管理等方面的特点，筛选出合适的指标，构建多层次燃料乙醇行业环境污染控制评价指标体系。运用层次分析法确定指标权重分值，建立燃料乙醇行业环境污染控制评价模型，并选取国内燃料乙醇典型企业进行调研，结合行业现状对该指标体系做出合理性和可行性分析。     

湿法烟气脱硫系统中烟气换热器的灰色综合评价

将灰色综合评价分析法引入湿法脱硫系统的烟气换热器综合评价，从技术和经济两个方面探讨了综合评价、优选烟气换热器的方法和过程，并以3种典型的烟气换热器技术为例进行了实际计算，给出了评价结果。     

废催化裂化催化剂的危险性及污染特征

为考察我国废催化裂化(FCC)催化剂的危险性及污染特征,以国内典型FCC装置的废催化剂为研究对象,分析其易燃性、反应性、腐蚀性、浸出毒性、毒性物质含量及急性毒性。研究发现:废FCC催化剂无易燃性、反应性、腐蚀性、急性毒性危险;未检测出具有致癌致突变性的有机污染物;废FCC催化剂的特征污染物为Ni及其化合物,Ni的浸出浓度低于国家标准限值,Ni的存在形态为Ni Al2O4尖晶石,而非具有致癌性的Ni O形态。     

微波辐照技术修复氯丹污染土壤

采用微波辐照技术修复氯丹污染土壤。以α-氯丹和γ-氯丹的去除率为评价指标，采用正交实验设计确定土壤中氯丹去除的最佳微波辐照条件。实验结果表明，当微波辐照强度为5.83W/g、微波辐照时间为20min、土壤含水率为15%时，土壤中氯丹的去除效果最好，去除率达到85%以上。微波辐照技术简单高效，易于控制，且无二次污染，具有可行性，可作为修复氯丹污染土壤的新方法。     

关于城市典型区域土壤现状研究

以锦州市重污染企业、固体废物集中堆放场地和工业区周边区域内土壤为研究对象,共采集75份具有代表性的土壤样品,对其12项重金属、多环芳烃类和多氯联苯的含量进行分析,研究典型区域周围环境的土壤污染状况。采用Rapant et al.环境风险指数法的计算结果表明,表层土壤中重金属污染具有较大的环境风险,其中属于低环境风险级别的样品占近30%,中等环境风险级别的样品占近10%。由此,针对锦州市典型区域土壤的污染状况,提出相应的污染防治对策。     

区域土壤环境重金属污染评价的Hamming贴近度评价法

探讨了一种新的模糊评价模型－Ｈａｍｍｉｎｇ贴近度评价模型，将其应用于某地区土壤重金属污染的综合评价，获得了良好的效果。     

梨园杀虫剂的环境风险评价

评价了某雪花梨栽培试验园区施用的杀虫剂对周围环境的风险性。其中包括；利用化学物质排毒系数评价法对梨园杀虫剂进行初步风险识别；非突发性水环境污染风险分析。采用瞬时点源一维河流模型对杀虫剂因事故性泄漏水体造成的风险进行预测；简要说明了杀虫剂进入土壤的途径及其对施药区和非施药区土壤的危害；采用高斯烟团模式，通过大气取样，对杀虫剂超常量喷施进入大气捕捞浓度分布进行统计分析，测算出杀虫剂在不同浓度范围出现的相对频率，从而鉴别其对居民点空气质量的危害几率。     

Waste form corrosion modeling: comparison with experimental results

Results of leaching experiments using active and inactively simulated HLW glass in concentrated NaCl solution are described. Measured solution concentrations of glass components, fission products and actinides are compared with computed data. The computed pH value corresponds with the findings from experiments with inactively simulated glass samples. Moreover, the concentrations of silica and strontium can be described adequately by reaction path modelling. The computed U concentration is explained by the precipitation of schoepite or Na2U2O7. The computed Am concentration significantly exceeds the measured data. This may be attributed to sorption processes on corrosion products of the glass, which are relevant also for lanthanide elements under the conditions of the experiments. This hypothesis is tested by solid solution approaches and by computing sorption of Am onto SiO2 precipitates.     

石灰石—石膏湿法脱硫装置磨损腐蚀问题分析

分析了目前国内现有石灰石—石膏湿法脱硫装置的磨损防腐问题,简述了在运石灰石—石膏湿法脱硫装置的主要磨损腐蚀环境及相应的防护措施。     

燃煤电厂脱硫烟囱防腐技术创新和应用探讨

通过对现行燃煤电厂脱硫烟囱防腐技术分析，总结了脱硫烟囱防腐失效的原因，提出了脱硫烟囱防腐的技术创新思路。简要介绍了采用自硫化丁基橡胶防腐衬里对燃煤电厂脱硫烟囱进行防腐的可行性和成功案例。     

燃煤锅炉炉膛高温腐蚀原因及对策

从300MW机组锅炉水冷壁管的高温腐蚀情况出发，阐述了产生高温腐蚀的原因，并提出了切实可行的预防措施。     

烟气脱硫系统的腐蚀与防腐

介绍了燃煤电厂烟气脱硫系统腐蚀的主要部位，产生腐蚀的原因及主要的防腐措施，防腐措施包括：用合金材料、玻璃纤维及增强热固性树脂材料制造设备；用橡胶、陶瓷等材料作衬里；控制烟气温度在露点以上等。     

The potential of SO2 for reducing corrosion in WtE plants

Due to the high-temperature boiler corrosion induced by chloride-rich fly ash deposits, steam generation in today’s Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plants is typically designed only for 40 bar/400 °C as an economic compromise between acceptable corrosion rate and maximum power generation. The high-corrosive metal chlorides in the fly ash can react with SO₂ forming low-corrosive sulfates. The sulfation efficiency is enhanced by high SO₂ levels and sufficient residence time of the flue gas at high-temperatures (700–900 °C). The fly ash sulfation was tested in full scale in a Swedish WtE plant by applying the economic sulfur recirculation method. Probes of several alloys (16Mo3, Inconel 625, Sanicro 28) were exposed for 1000 h at controlled material temperatures in the superheater position, at normal and during sulfating operation respectively. Analyses of the fly ash showed that the molar Cl/S was decreased to values well below 1 and the corresponding corrosion rates of the individual material samples were less than half when sulfur recirculation was in operation. These positive findings demonstrate that the sulfur recirculation process has high potential for low-corrosive high-temperature steam generation (T ≈ 500 °C) and improved electricity production. Further steam superheating can be realized by staged superheating using small amounts of secondary fuel.     

海水脱硫工程的特种防腐施工技术

总结了深圳西部电厂5、6号机组烟气海水脱硫工程特种防腐及其施工的实践经验，重点介绍了混凝土基体表面特种防腐施工的工艺技术。     

热喷涂防腐涂层在生物质锅炉中的研究进展

简要介绍了常用热喷涂技术，基于对热喷涂防腐涂层在燃煤锅炉防腐工作中的研究进展，进一步分析了热喷涂涂层在生物质锅炉防腐中的现状，介绍了金属涂层中的NiCrTiFe系列涂层、陶瓷涂层及金属陶瓷复合涂层、纳米涂层等现有技术比较成熟的涂层，对热喷涂防腐涂层的发展趋势进行了展望。     

A Comparison Between Corrosion Rates and Runoff Rates from New and Aged Copper and Zinc as Roofing Material

Recently there has been anincreased environmental concern in severalcountries in Europe, in particular in Sweden andin the Netherlands regarding the amount of copperand zinc that is released from building materialsinto society. Due to lack of runoff data, thelegislators have so far used corrosion ratesmeasured during the last 20 years to calculatequantities of metal released from buildingsassuming that the quantity of metal corrosionequals the quantity of metal runoff. Withdecreasing levels of environmental pollutantsduring the last decade in Europe, it is importantto determine more recent and hence morerepresentative corrosion and runoff rates to beused in the calculations. For this reason a field exposure program was implemented during 48 weeks in an urbanatmosphere in Sweden determining corrosion andrunoff rates for copper and zinc of differentage. New copper exposed for 48 weeks in the urbanatmosphere shows a corrosion rate of 6.7gm^-2y^-1 and an almost constant runoff rate of1.3 gm^-2y^-1 during the period. Therunoff rate is significantly lower than thecorrosion rate and represents only a fraction(20%) of the total amount of corroded metalduring this period. Zinc shows a graduallydecreasing corrosion rate with time being 5.0gm^-2y^-1 after 48 weeks of exposure. Therunoff rate is relatively stable with an averagerate of 3.1 gm^-2y^-1 during the sameperiod. This value represents 60% of the totalamount of corroded zinc. The effect of panel age has been investigatedin parallel field and laboratory studies. Theresults show that naturally aged copper exhibitssomewhat higher average runoff rates (2 gm^-2y^-1) than new copper, probably due to acombined effect of storage and weatherconditions. No significant difference in runoffrate can be found between new and naturally agedzinc. The field and laboratory investigationsshow that precipitation rate and amount influence the magnitude of the runoff rate forboth copper and zinc.