合同能源管理研究进展及评述

合同能源管理是一种节能环保新机制,对促进能源的合理利用与节约能源发挥着非常重要的作用。本刊本期特别邀请了有关专家对合同能源管理相关文献进行梳理,在明确合同能源管理内涵的基础上,重点对合同能源管理的运作模式、融资方式、制约我国合同能源管理发展的主要因素及相应对策等方面进行归纳总结,以期为合同能源管理的进一步发展提供思路。     

合同能源管理:一条行之有效的节能措施

<正>今年4月6日,国务院办公厅转发了《关于加快推行合同能源管理促进节能服务产业发展的意见》,明确表示要加快推行合同能源管理,促进节能服务产业发展。作为一种全新的市场节能机制,推行合     

发改委披露部分企业减排作假骗取财政补贴金

为促进节能减排,去年起我国开始在各地推动合同能源管理项目,并予以财政补贴。但该政策刚起步一年就问题重重。近日国家发改委披露,2010年中报的合同能源管理项目中存在节能量严重失实、技术改造不符合国家规定等多种问题。发改委要求各地迅速开展自查,对弄虚作假套取财政奖励资金的节能服务公司收回补贴资金,注销资格。     

节能服务产业的发展现状及趋势分析

《国务院关于加快培育和发展战略性新兴产业的决定》明确宣布国家将重点培育和发展节能环保产业等七大战略性新兴产业,节能服务产业属于节能环保产业范畴,是节能环保产业发展的重点。"十二五"期间,国家出台了一系列相关措施,大力推行合同能源管理、加快发展节能服务产业,节能服务产业发展取得了较大进展。"十三五"是经济转型的关键时期,大力发展节能服务产业是加快经济战略转型的关键点,更是推进实现能源-环境-经济协调发展的重要手段。     

秦皇岛市节能对策研究

分析了秦皇岛市在"十二五"期间能源消费的总体情况,即高耗能行业过快增长势头得到有效控制,低能耗行业快速发展,能耗总量呈低速增长趋势,节能技术和节能工程得到大力推广。"十三五"及未来一段时期,伴随着经济快速发展,节能工作将面临更加严峻的形势。结合秦皇岛市的实际情况,分别从调整优化产业结构,构建节能产业体系;加大技术改造力度,淘汰落后产能;推行合同能源管理,强化管理节能三个方面提出了具体节能对策。     

中国动态

由国家发改委执行了13年的中国节能促进项目是我国政府与世界银行、全球环境基金（GEF）共同开发的节能与控制温室气体排放大型国际合作项目，日前顺利完成。项目10年间共引导合同能源管理节能项目投资60多亿美元，     

“气改煤”“煤改煤”的新宠——永恒能源清洁煤高效微排放一体化系统

本刊近日专访了"清洁供热技术创新论坛"的承办单位——福建永恒能源管理有限公司(以下简称"永恒能源")的董事长、高级能源管理师张誉铧先生,就清洁煤炭行业的发展等问题进行了探讨。张誉铧先生拥有25项发明专利、28项技术成果,其自主创新的高效煤粉清洁燃烧技术将合同能源管理模式导入工业热能行业,成功运营的项目超过20个。他认为,有关部门在严重的雾霾污染中意识到煤炭粗放燃烧的后果是必要的,但不能片面的"谈煤色变",尤其是对煤炭利用的完全否定和"一刀切"。     

油田机采系统节能技术的应用及建议

文章对中原油田机采系统8种典型节能技术应用情况进行了总结，针对目前老油田开发后期 面临产量下降、含水率上升、吨油成本高、高耗低效等矛盾，旨在找出适合老油田开发实际的低成本的节能技术和管理措施，即通过新投井设备配套中优先新型抽油机、数字化油田建设优先机电一体化控制技术、机采 设备技术改造中优先永磁半/全直驱控制技术、内部合同能源管理机制，实现降低能耗，提高能效，稳产增效的目的。     

中国动态

11类项目不享合同能源财政补贴 国家发改委、财政部日前出台《关于财政奖励合同能源管理项目有关事项的补充通知》，规定财政奖励资金支持的项目内容主要为锅炉（窑炉）改造、余热余压利用、绿色照明改造、建筑节能改造等节能改造项目。但有11类项目不在此列，如新建、异地迁建项目，以扩大产能为主的改造项目或等量淘汰类项目及太阳能、风能利用类项目等。     

坚持绿色发展,履行社会责任——登封中联登电水泥有限公司绿色发展纪实

正公司全面树立绿色、低碳发展理念,以降低能源资源消耗、减少污染物排放为目标,大力推广应用先进节能减排技术、工艺,推行清洁生产,发展循环经济,不断完善能源管理的体系建设,努力构建资源节约与环境友好型水泥企业。登封中联登电水泥有限公司(简称"登封中联")成立于2007年10月,是世界500强之一中国建材集团旗下的企业,是中国联合水泥河南运营管理区的核心企业之一。公司位     

德国可再生能源开发与利用现状及促进措施

德国可再生能源开发与利用在法律制度上形成了联邦法规促进体系,德国政府就可再生能源发展出台了融资、科研支持等一系列促进措施,可再生能源技术的发展和应用以较快的速度实现了市场化和商业化,并以此促进实现温室气体减排、促进经济增长、增加就业和促进关联高技术产业发展。德国近年来已实施的可再生能源发展政策环境、措施和经验值得我们借鉴。     

Hybrid power supply solutions for off-grid green wireless networks

Increasing deployment of cellular networks across the globe is pushing the energy consumption in cellular networks at an exceptional rate. The integration of renewable energy (RE) harvesting technology into future mobile networks has the potential to positively cope with environmental contamination and ensure self-energy sustainability as a means to decrease fossil fuel consumption. Diesel generator (DG) in conjunction with on-site RE harvester has emerged as an economic and extent efficient option where commercial grid supply is not viable. This paper is focused on the cost aware energy management framework addressing to least net present cost (NPC) for the envisioned hybrid powered green cellular base stations (BSs) considering tempo-spatial traffic dynamics. In such wireless networks, solar photovoltaic modules are considered as a primary energy source, while the DG and energy storage device are kept as the standby supply in case of inadequate solar energy to ensure zero outage. A comprehensive simulation-based investigation is carried out in the context of downlink Long-Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks for evaluating cost-efficiency and reliability performance under a wide range of network settings. Particularly, this paper examines the energy yield, greenhouse gas emissions, and cost analysis based on the optimal architecture of Remote Radio Head-enabled LTE BS. Moreover, wireless network performance in terms of throughput, energy efficiency gain, and radio efficiency is thoroughly investigated using Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical results demonstrate a substantial reduction of carbon footprints with minimum NPC while satisfying the quality of service requirements.     

Policy,Institutional and Market Barriers to the Implementation of Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) in China

China is the second largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the world, with potentially about two thirds of total Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) for Asia on the world carbon market (). Since 68% of its primary energy is from coal, China's average energy intensity is 7.5 times higher than the EU and 4.3 times higher than the US (EU, 2003 The European Union on-line. (2003). (http://europa.eu.int/index_ns_en.htm accessed Oct 2003  [Google Scholar]). Therefore, introducing advanced clean technologies and management to China represents opportunities for Annex I countries to obtain low-cost CERs through CDM projects, and access to one of the largest potential energy conservation markets in the world.

CDM can provide a win-win solution for both China and Annex I countries, and the Chinese government considers that the introduction of CDM projects can bring advanced energy technologies and foreign investment to China, thereby helping China's sustainable economy and generating CERs. As energy efficiency is generally low and carbon intensity is high in both China's energy supply and demand sectors, numerous options exist for cost-effective energy conservation and GHG mitigation with CDM.

This paper reviews current Chinese policies and administrative and institutional settings for CDM cooperation, and discusses existing policy, institutional and other barriers in the energy market by drawing on observations and experience from previous initiatives such as Cleaner Production and energy efficiency. Some options to remove these barriers are addressed. In order to make CDM projects feasible, China's government needs to promote awareness, streamline administrative systems, and be more active in building a competitive edge in the world carbon market.     

环境质量与建筑节能技术问题的探讨

乌鲁木齐冬季空气的主要污染源来自来建筑物提供热源的烯煤锅炉房。为了实现市政府提出5年还乌市人民一片蓝天的号召,在实行集中供热和加大治理力度的同时,积极推进建筑节能技术,降低建筑物耗热量（耗煤量）指标,减少污染物排放量,是实现蓝天工程的重要措施。     

Cracking the Achilles’ heel of energy performance contracting projects: the credit risk identification method for clients

ABSTRACT

A credit risk identification model is established to examine the credit status of Energy performance contracting (EPC) project clients (i.e., energy-using companies) in China based on rough set theory. The model is verified with data from 120 listed companies at different times. Study shows that lack of credit is one of the main obstacles to the implementation of EPC projects, and information asymmetry is the main reason for this lack of credit among potential clients in China. The credit risk identification method based on rough set theory can make up for the shortcomings of existing EPC projects in terms of credit risk identification, including redundant information and indicators, and unclear decision rules. Credit risk identification indicators of clients are dynamic. The research results can help energy service companies (ESCOs) determine the credit status of clients, facilitate cooperation between ESCOs and clients, and help explain the various dynamics of clients’ credit risk identification indicators over time.     

Structuring decisions about energy in developing communities: an example from Canada's north

Decisions about energy in developing communities are challenging from a technical standpoint, and because of the unique characteristics that typify them, e.g. limited infrastructure and government budgets, complex social and political arrangements, and economic vulnerability. Against the backdrop of these challenges, the government of Canada's Northwest Territories (NWT) is attempting to reform the region's energy system. This paper provides insights from the decision sciences, stemming from our work on the NWT's energy planning process, about how to structure decisions about energy development and delivery so as to effectively meet a range of stakeholders’ objectives in a transparent and inclusive manner.     

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AFFECTING AQUIFER THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE1

ABSTRACT: Thermal energy storage involves the capture and storage of thermal energy (either heat or chill) during one time period for use at a later period. Storage of thermal energy in aquifers on a seasonal basis is one promising application of the technology that has been implemented in several foreign countries and is currently undergoing field testing in the U.S. Potential developers of aquifer thermal energy storage projects will face a number of regulatory requirements at the federal, state, and local level of government. These can include meeting: (1) surface land and ground water use restrictions, (2) regulations relating to withdrawal of ground water, and (3) requirements for reinjecting thermally altered ground waters. Separate permits for ground water withdrawal and reinjection may be required. The permit process is likely to involve opportunities for public comment and may involve contested proceedings.     

德国节能减排多措并举

德国针对能源匮乏的现状,把节约能源作为政府能源开发利用的一贯政策来推动。文章介绍了德国政府在重视节能技术研发、节能服务体系建设、能源统计、建筑节能、可再生能源开发和综合利用以及加强宣传教育、增强节约意识等方面所做的有益探索实践和取得的经验。对我国开展节能减排工作有较好借鉴意义。     

能源转型影响中国经济增长潜力的模拟研究——基于"弱可持续性"视角

能源需求的高增长和化石能源的高占比导致了日益严峻的环境退化问题.均衡状态下,用于环境治理的资本投入实质上是对储蓄的一种扣除,这会降低生产性资本总量的积累速度,导致经济增长潜力下滑.本文构建了一个包含能源转型与真实储蓄量的DSGE模型,结合最新相关文献和中国经济数据校准模型,模拟研究了能源转型对中国经济增长潜力的影响以及相关政策效应.结论表明:能源转型发挥出一种"刹车"效应,将逐渐减缓经济增长潜力的下滑趋势;能源转型的持续推进,有望在2030年左右逆转其趋势;能源转型相关政策会改变"刹车"期的时长和弱化经济潜力的下滑程度.政策启示方面,能源转型是扭转经济增长潜力下滑趋势的有效手段,政府可通过政策"组合拳"的方式来干预能源转型过程,将有助于缩短"刹车"期和相对增强经济增长潜力.