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染料降解菌的脱色特性,降解酶系及基因定位研究进展 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文分析了当前染料废水微生物降解优化势菌的降解效果及降解机制等,介绍了三种染料降解酶的催化要理和影响因素,阐明了某些降解菌中的质粒可以控制不同结构染料的脱色,最终指出了提高菌株应用价值的两种途径,一是筛选或构建出人有多功能性的超级菌;二是在不改变染料性质的前提下,向其分子结构中引入特定取代基团,以提高其生物降解性。 相似文献
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藻类对偶氮染料的降解及定量结构-生物降解性研究 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
通过研究普通小球藻( Chlorella vulgaris) 、蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa) 、斜生栅藻(Scenedes nusobliquus) 对偶氮染料的降解作用,筛选出优势藻种并优化降解条件;对单偶氮染料进行了定量结构—生物降解性相关关系(QSBR) 研究.3 种藻均能利用偶氮染料为其生长的唯一 C、 N 源,使染料脱色,蛋白核小球藻具有更强的脱色能力;且藻在无 N 环境中的脱色率明显高于无 C 和正常环境;pH 值对染料脱色影响较大,最佳pH值为中性;不同结构的单偶氮染料生物降解性相差很大,脱色率为9.1 % (89.9 % , QSBR 研究表明, 偶氮键的最低未占据轨道能量是控制生物降解的主要因素,而脱色率与染料的分子量无关. 相似文献
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文章首次尝试以新颖筛选方法对台湾及大陆两岸当地微生物自然生态中,以非偶氮染料脱色作为优势筛选条件,以筛选出可有效电子传递于非偶氮染料RB198脱色的混菌,再进行优势纯化分离,以得到可对非偶氮染料具有强电子传递脱色能力的菌株。再藉此特性来研究其对偶氮染料电子传递生物脱色的特性。结果表明,通过脱色测试及蛋白质电泳初步筛选出4种对非偶氮染料RB198具有较优异脱色能力的菌株,并进行16S rRNA分析,此4株纯菌分别为Microvirgula aerodenitrificans,Acinetobacter guillouiae,Pseudomonas sp.,Rahnella aquatilis。其中Rahnella aquatilis DX2b,Microvirgula aerodenitrificans SH7b为脱色新菌株,文章首度发表其具有脱色性能,对非偶氮染料RB198及偶氮染料RB160,OrangeⅠ有优异脱色能力。 相似文献
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以黄曲霉菌株A5p1为生物材料,研究其脱色染料的广谱性,并选择偶氮染料直接蓝71(DB71)为模型底物,探讨脱色特性及降解产物.该菌株对15种染料的脱色测试结果表明,染料浓度为100mg/L时脱色效率为61.7%~100%.该菌对偶氮染料DB71具有生物吸附和生物降解的双重作用,在pH值7.0,温度30℃,染料浓度300mg/L,蔗糖为碳源时对DB71 脱色率为100%.酶分析显示葡萄糖氧化酶和锰过氧化物酶参与染料的降解.FTIR、GC-MS和LC-MS分析确定代谢终产物为萘胺、叠氮萘、2-羟基-6-草酰-苯甲酸和1-萘酚. 相似文献
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考察了醌还原菌群利用氧化还原介质对偶氮染料脱色的强化作用.结果表明,该菌群以AQDS(2,6-二磺酸蒽醌)作为氧化还原介质可强化多种偶氮染料的生物脱色,其中,对活性艳红KE-3B脱色的适宜条件为pH6~9;外加葡萄糖浓度0.05%~0.10%;AQDS浓度10~100mg/L;染料起始浓度≤600mg/L.在此条件下,最大脱色率约为90%,达到最大脱色率的时间<18h.该菌群能以多种蒽醌染料中间体作为氧化还原介质强化偶氮染料活性艳红KE-3B的生物脱色. 相似文献
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高浓度甲基橙湿式过氧化氢氧化及机理初探 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用湿式过氧化氢氧化法 (WPO)处理高浓度偶氮染料甲基橙溶液 ,考察了多种因素对去除效果的影响 ,结果表明 ,对于 4 0 0mg L的甲基橙溶液 ,其最佳处理条件为 :温度 16 0℃ ,H2 O2 浓度 33mg L ,Fe2 + 浓度为 91 2mg L ,处理后脱色率在 95 %以上。对比废水处理前后紫外光谱与红外光谱图的变化 ,说明染料分子结构中的偶氮键发生断裂 ,破坏了分子结构的偶氮 -苯环共轭发色体系 ,从而达到了脱色的目的 相似文献
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A azoreductase gene with 537 bp was obtained by PCR amplification from Rhodobacter sphaeroides ASI. 1737. The enzyme,with a molecular weight of 18.7 kD, was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli and its biodegradation characteristics for azo dyes were investigated. Furthermore, the reaction kinetics and mechanism of azo dyes catalyzed by the genetically engineered azoreductase were studied in detail. The presence of a hydrazo-intermediate was identified, which provided a convincing evidence for the assumption that azo dyes were degraded via an incomplete reduction stage. 相似文献
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The effects of various quinone compounds on the decolorization rates of sulfonated azo dyes by Sphingomonas xenophaga QYY were investigated. The results showed that anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) was the most effective redox mediator and AQS reduction was the rate-limited step of AQS-mediated decolorization of sulfonated azo dyes. Based on AQS biological toxicity tests, it was assumed that AQS might enter the cells to kill them. In the cytoplasmic extracts from strain QYY, AQS effectively increased decolorization rates of sulfonated azo dyes than other quinone compounds. In addition, we found a NADH/FMN-dependent AQS reductase using nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native-PAGE). 相似文献
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选取合适的代表生物反映污染物的毒害效应是生态风险评价的重要手段之一。以酿酒酵母作为测试生物,通过测定酿酒酵母细胞在含偶氮染料的YPD培养基中的存活率、复制寿命和细胞终结类型的数量,评价了4只偶氮染料的毒性大小。结果表明:4只偶氮染料都有一定的生物毒性,且生物毒性随染料浓度的增加而加大;一般毒性大小为直接耐晒黄RS>直接湖蓝5B>直接红棕RN>直接紫N;致畸、致癌作用大小为直接红棕RN>直接紫N>直接湖蓝5B>直接耐晒黄RS;一般毒性与致畸、致癌作用的大小没有必然联系。与传统的生物毒性检测方法相比,此方法不仅能够反映染料的一般生物毒性,而且能够体现出染料的致畸、致癌两种特殊毒性,为偶氮染料的生物毒性检测提供了新的技术手段。 相似文献
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以活性炭负载TiO2薄膜为催化剂,采用光催化氧化法分别处理靛蓝类染料、三苯甲烷类染料和偶氮类染料模拟废水以及某印染厂的出水。研究了光化时间、废水pH值及COD对处理效果的影响。结果表明:光催化氧化处理印染废水的最适光化时间为240min,最适pH值为4,且在这几种染料中,靛蓝类染料最易降解,而偶氮类染料最难降解。 相似文献
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The amidoximated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber Fe complexes were prepared and used as the heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for the degradation of 28 anionic water soluble azo dyes in water under visible irradiation. The multiple linear regression (MLR) method was employed to develop the quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) model equations for the decoloration and mineralization of azo dyes. Moreover, the predictive ability of the QSPR model equations was assessed using Leave-one-out (LOO) and cross-validation (CV) methods. Additionally, the effect of Fe content of catalyst and the sodium chloride in water on QSPR model equations were also investigated. The results indicated that the heterogeneous photo-Fenton degradation of the azo dyes with different structures was conducted in the presence of the amidoximated PAN fiber Fe complex. The QSPR model equations for the dye decoloration and mineralization were successfully developed using MLR technique. MW/S (molecular weight divided by the number of sulphonate groups) and NN=N (the number of azo linkage) are considered as the most important determining factor for the dye degradation and mineralization, and there is a significant negative correlation betweenMW/S or NN=N and degradation percentage or total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Moreover, LOO and CV analysis suggested that the obtained QSPR model equations have the better prediction ability. The variation in Fe content of catalyst and the addition of sodium chloride did not alter the nature of the QSPR model equations. 相似文献